Gas Exchange and Oxygenation
A nurse is discussing atrial fibrillation with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of atrial fibrillation?
"Atrial fibrillation is caused by electrical signals outside of the SA node."
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine to treat obstructive sleep apnea. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
"Cover your nose with the CPAP mask."
A nurse is teaching a client who has an abdominal incision about coughing and deep breathing. In which order should the nurse instruct the client to perform the following steps? (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the selected order of performance. Use all the steps.)
"Take a deep breath" "Hold your breath for several seconds" "Exhale slowly" "Brace the incision with a pillow and try to cough deeply"
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for an incentive spirometer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
"Use the incentive spirometer every hour while awake."
A nurse is planning care for a group of clients on a cardiopulmonary unit. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to see first?
A client who reports dyspnea when walking to the bathroom
A nurse is obtaining a health history from a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as risk factors for heart disease? (Select all that apply.)
A diet high in saturated fats A history of smoking for 25 years A sedentary lifestyle
A nurse is suctioning a client's tracheostomy using an open system. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Administer 100% oxygen before the procedure.
A nurse is discussing ventilation and perfusion with a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should include in the discussion that the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs at which of the following locations?
Alveoli
A nurse is assessing a client who has COPD. The nurse should identify that which of the following is an expected finding?
Clubbing of the fingers
A nurse is caring for a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Crackles in the lungs
A nurse is performing chest percussion therapy on a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Listen for a hollow sound when performing chest percussion therapy.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a chest tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Monitor the client for subcutaneous emphysema.
A nurse is auscultating a client's heart sounds and hears a low-pitched whooshing or blowing sound over the apex of the heart. The nurse should identify that this indicates which of the following?
Murmur
A nurse is caring for a client who requires 1 L of oxygen. Which of the following oxygen delivery devices should the nurse expect to use?
Nasal cannula
A nurse is assessing a client who is being discharged. The nurse notes the client has regular and quiet breathing. The nurse should identify this breathing pattern as which of the following?
Normal breathing
A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of asthma and is wheezing. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Obtain the oxygen saturation.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for home oxygen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Post a "No Smoking" sign inside the home. Attach oxygen containers to a fixed object. Notify the fire department that oxygen is used in the home.
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving oxygen therapy. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings can indicate oxygen toxicity?
Ringing in the ears
A nurse is explaining the sequence of electrical conduction in the heart to a newly licensed nurse. What should the nurse include as the correct sequence of the transmission of electrical impulses? (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the selected order of performance. Use all the steps.)
SA node AV node Bundle of His R/L bundle branches Purkinje fibers
A nurse is caring for a client who requires 7 L of oxygen to maintain oxygen saturation. Which of the following oxygen delivery devices should the nurse expect to use?
Simple face mask
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving supplemental oxygen for hypoxia. The nurse should identify that which of the following can cause hypoxia?
Smoke inhalation
A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who has heart disease and a narrowed valve. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Stenosis
A nurse is planning to measure the cardiac output of a client who had a myocardial infarction. Which of the following data should the nurse use to calculate the client's cardiac output?
Stroke volume
A nurse is caring for a client who has atelectasis. The nurse should identify that which of the following substances is required to keep the client's alveoli from collapsing and causing atelectasis?
Surfactant
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about pulmonary function tests. The nurse should include that which of the following is the vital capacity?
The maximum volume of air that is expired after a maximum inspiration.
