Gastrointestinal

You are providing discharge teaching to a patient taking Sucralfate (Carafate). Which statement by the patient demonstrates they understand how to take this medication? (Select all that apply) Select one or more: a. "I will always take this medication on an empty stomach." b. "I will continue to take this medication as a preventative therapy" c. "I will take this medication once a week." d. "It is best to take this medication with antacids."

a. "I will always take this medication on an empty stomach." b. "I will continue to take this medication as a preventative therapy"

The nurse determines the client needs further instruction on cimetidine (Tagamet) if which statements were made? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. "Taking the cimetidine with an antacid will increase its effectiveness." b. "My episodes of heartburn will decrease if the medication is effective." c. "I'll know the medication is working if my diarrhea stops." d. "Some of my blood levels will need to be monitored closely since I also take warfarin for atrial fibrillation." e. "I will notify my health care provider if I become depressed or anxious." f. "I will take the cimetidine with my meals."

a. "Taking the cimetidine with an antacid will increase its effectiveness." c. "I'll know the medication is working if my diarrhea stops." f. "I will take the cimetidine with my meals."

When metronidazole [Flagyl] is a component of the H.pylori treatment regimen, the patient must be instructed to do what? Select one: a. Avoid any alcoholic beverages b. Take the drug on an empty stomach. c. Take the drug with food. d. Avoid foods containing tyramine.

a. Avoid any alcoholic beverages

The nurse is preparing to administer prescribed medications to a client with hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider's prescriptions will include which medication? Select one: a. Lactulose (an osmotic laxative) b. Magnesium hydroxide (saline laxative) c. Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid (a bulk laxative) d. Bisacodyl suppository (a stimulant laxative)

a. Lactulose (an osmotic laxative) Lactulose is a hyperosmotic laxative agent that has the added benefit of lowering serum ammonia levels commonly associated with liver failure (high ammonia levels lead to encephalopathy, a brain disorder characterized by delirium, confusion, and overall alteration in mental status). This occurs because the medication lowers bowel pH and aids in the conversion of ammonia in the gut to the ammonium ion, which is poorly absorbed. Ammonia is eliminated through intentional diarrhea

An older adult patient with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has had only minimal relief using a histamine2-receptor antagonist (H2RA). The patient is to begin taking omeprazole [Prilosec]. What will the nurse teach this patient? Select one: a. Long-term therapy may be needed. b. Lifestyle changes can be as effective as medication therapy. c. The medication will be used until surgery can be performed. d. A complete cure is expected with this medication.

a. Long-term therapy may be needed.

A patient has a prescription to take a powdered form of psyllium after discharge. The nurse should plan to include which information when teaching the client about this medication? Select one: a. Mix the medication with a full glass of water or juice. b. Decrease the amount of fiber in the diet when taking this medication. c. Mix the medication with applesauce. d. Decrease fluid intake following administration of the medication.

a. Mix the medication with a full glass of water or juice.

A client has received a dose of dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), The nurse should observe relief of what sign or symptom to evaluate that the medication has been effective? Select one: a. Nausea and vomiting b. Buzzing sound in the ears c. Headache d. Chills

a. Nausea and vomiting Dimenhydrinate is used to prevent and treat the symptoms of dizziness, vertigo, nausea, and vomiting that accompany motion sickness.

The nurse is providing education to a patient who has been prescribed both an antacid and a cimetidine [Tagamet]. Which instruction should the nurse give the patient about taking the medications? Select one: a. "Take the antacid 15 minutes before the ranitidine." b. "Take the antacid 1 hour after the ranitidine." c. "Take the antacid 30 minutes after the ranitidine." d. "The antacid and ranitidine should be taken at the same time for better effect."

b. "Take the antacid 1 hour after the ranitidine."

A client with peptic ulcer disease asks the nurse what medications they might be prescribed for this problem. The nurse tells the client that which medications will be prescribed? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) b. Histamine H2-receptor blockers c. Antacids d. Antibiotics e. Proton Pump Inhibitors

b. Histamine H2-receptor blockers c. Antacids d. Antibiotics e. Proton Pump Inhibitors

A physician prescribes a Proton-Pump Inhibitor to a patient with a gastric ulcer. Which medication is considered a PPI? Select one: a. Famotidine b. Pantoprazole c. Metronidazole d. Famotidine

b. Pantoprazole

A client receives a dose of scopolamine for nausea from motion sickness. The nurse determines that which sign or symptom later displayed by the client is a result of medication side and adverse effects? Select one: a. Pupillary constriction b. Diaphoresis c. Dry mouth d. Excessive urination

c. Dry mouth Side and adverse effects of scopolamine, an anticholinergic medication, are dry mouth, urinary retention, decreased sweating, and dilation of the pupils.

A client has a new prescription for metoclopramide (Reglan). On review of the chart, the nurse identifies that this medication can be safely administered with which condition? Select one: a. Diverticulitis with perforation b. Intestinal obstruction c. Vomiting following cancer chemotherapy d. Peptic ulcer with melena (bloody stool)

c. Vomiting following cancer chemotherapy Metoclopramide is a gastrointestinal stimulant and antiemetic. Because it is a gastrointestinal stimulant, it is contraindicated with gastrointestinal obstruction, hemorrhage, or perforation. It is used in the treatment of vomiting after surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation.

A patient newly diagnosed with PUD reports taking low-dose aspirin (ASA) for prevention of cardiovascular disease. The nurse learns that the patient drinks 2 to 3 cups of coffee each day and has a glass of wine with dinner 3 or 4 nights per week. The patient eats three meals a day. The nurse will counsel this patient to: Select one: a. discontinue taking aspirin, because it can irritate the stomach. b. switch to a decaffeinated coffee and reduce the number of servings. c. change the meal pattern to five or six smaller meals per day

c. change the meal pattern to five or six smaller meals per day

A patient who has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) receives a prescription for a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medication. What will the nurse include when teaching the patient about this drug? Select one: a. "This drug will be given on a short-term basis only." b. "You may experience hypermagnesemia when taking this drug." c. "The FDA has determined that there is a gastric cancer risk with this drug." d. "You should report any fever and cough to your provider."

d. "You should report any fever and cough to your provider."

The nurse has administered a dose of docusate. The nurse evaluates that the medication has been effective if the client experiences which finding? Select one: a. Decrease in fatty stools b. Decreased heartburn c. Relief of sharp abdominal pain d. Bowel movement with soft, formed stool

d. Bowel movement with soft, formed stool

A patient admitted to the hospital has a history of peptic ulcer disease. The patient takes ranitidine [Zantac] and sucralfate [Carafate]. The patient tells the nurse that discomfort is usually controlled but that symptoms occasionally flare up. What will the nurse do? Select one: a. Contact the provider to discuss switching to a proton pump inhibitor. b. Ask the provider about ordering an endoscopic examination. c. Contact the provider to discuss serologic testing and an antibiotic. d. Counsel the patient on non-drug intervention such as avoiding beverages containing alcohol

d. Counsel the patient on non-drug intervention such as avoiding beverages containing alcohol

Which statement is INCORRECT about Histamine-receptor blockers? Select one: a. "Ranitidine and Famotidine are two types of histamine-receptor blocker medications." b. H2 Blockers absorption is slowed if taken with meals c. "Antacids and H2 blockers should not be given together." d. H2 blockers decrease gastric pH

d. H2 blockers decrease gastric pH

A client reports frequent use of sodium bicarbonate to relieve heartburn after meals. The nurse should monitor the client for which condition that the client is at risk for with long-term frequent use of this medication? Select one: a. Urinary calculi b. Respiratory acidosis c. Chronic bronchitis d. Metabolic alkalosis

d. Metabolic alkalosis

A client with gastrointestinal hypermotility has a prescription to receive atropine sulfate. The nurse should withhold the medication and question the prescription if the client has a history of which disease process? Select one: a. Sinus bradycardia b. Biliary colic c. Peptic ulcer disease d. Narrow-angle glaucoma

d. Narrow-angle glaucoma Atropine sulfate can cause a blockade of muscarinic receptors on the iris sphincter, producing mydriasis (dilation of the pupils), and increasing pressure that will worsen glaucoma. It also produces cycloplegia (relaxation of the ciliary muscles). It is contraindicated in clients with narrow-angle glaucoma.

A patient who takes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for arthritis asks a nurse what can be done to prevent ulcers. The nurse will recommend asking the provider about using which medication? Select one: a.Histamine-2 receptor antagonists b. Mucosal protectants c. Antibiotics d.Proton pump inhibitors

d.Proton pump inhibitors