GEO FINAL
Different terms according to scale
"out-migrate", "emigrate", "in-migrant"
Same terms regardless of scale
"voluntary" and "forced"
Although this region can appear mountainous at first glance, it is really composed of the remnants of vast and dissected tablelands.
Intermontaine Basins and Plateaus
Mr. Montgomery described Mr. Fairchild's hope and goal of converting "Miserable Wells" into "the wedding capital of North Texas." Which component of location is Mr. Fairchild trying to change?
Its identity
Mr. Montgomery paraphrased Mr. Nix, who is excited about the "city's proximity to the popular Possum Kingdom Lake, several state parks, and a 100-mile stretch of the Brazos River." Mr. Nix is excited about which component of Mineral Well's location?
Its relative location
Which of the following is considered a secondary economic activity?
Manufacturing fish sticks from cod fillets at a factory in Halifax, NS.
Which system of land survey and description uses natural features as property markers and the measured distance and compass bearing from each marker to the next?
Metes and bounds
Which of the following statements about NYC's drinking water supply is false?
NYC draws its water from nearby ocean desalinization plants.
New York City and its suburbs have sprawled into one of the largest urbanized areas in North America. Which of the following, however, is a false statement about NYC?
New York City is famous for disallowing immigrants.
Which Canadian Province was created in 1999 to help settle some long-standing land disputes with Canada's indigenous peoples?
Nunavut
Which generalized physiographic region exhibits frequent earthquake activity associated with major geologic fault zones?
Pacific Mountains and Valleys
Which of the following generalized physiographic regions stretches north-south between Alaska and Mexico and hosts the continents best known volcanic peaks?
Pacific Mountains and Valleys
Which physiographic region exhibits rolling topography and has a name that literally translates as "foot hills"?
Piedmont
Jeré Longman wrote an article about the migrant pipeline between Tonga and Texas. In that report he wrote the "parents of many [football] players were lured to Euless in the 1970s and 80s by baggage-handling and food-service jobs at the Dallas-Fort Worth international airport." Which geographic concept did Mr. Longman expect his readers to recognize?
Pull factors at the destination
Nonbasic Economic Activity
Recirculating money already in the region
Interior Lowlands
-Largest physiographic region -Big temperature swings -Summers are warmer, winters are colder -Flat land, no mountains -Good soil, vegetation, water, good for agriculture -Rivers overflow very easily- big, broad, flat -Rivers are economic engines- used as exchange
Which of the following economic activities is considered a basic economic activity?
-Wedding tourism in Mineral Wells, TX -Potato chip and pretzel manufacturing in Hanover, PA -Automobile manufacturing in Detroit, MI -Wine production in central California
Nodal Region
-a group of places connected or tied to a central place- region connected by communications (networked based) -Ex. places that are connected easily by airplane but not easily by roads (airplane hub)
Theme
-a prominent, pervasive, or influential characteristic - use to generalize the earth's complexities to make conversation easier
Multi Featured Uniform Region
-has several distinct zones- have a core area and one or more transitional areas -Wawa region- part of the region has a dense cluster- the other part is more spaced out- outside of the region you can't get wawa
According to our textbook, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania overlaps all or parts of which major regions? Choose all that apply.
-the Manufacturing Core -Megalopolis -the Agricultural Core -Appalachia
Place Name
-we analyze a place's name for any clues/hints it gives us about the place -places are named after historic events, natural features, etc.
During which decade was the United States and Canada each other's primary source of immigrants?
1930s
Canada and US control the ______ and ______ largest land area
2nd; 4th
Which of the following generalized physiographic regions stretches north-south between Alaska and New Mexico and stands proud over the Great Plains?
Rocky Mountains
Which of these migrations is geographically different from the others?
Scandanavians moving into Minnesota
Each of our generalized physiographic regions can be best characterized using which general type?
Single-featured uniform
The author is using the phrase "about 50 miles north of the Montana-Alberta border, about 50 miles south of Calgary" to describe which component of location?
Situation
Megalopolis is considered the core region of the USA - its economic hinge so-to-speak - because tremendous volumes of goods, people, money, and ideas flow into places in and through the region. Access to all those goods, people, money, and ideas is necessary for growth. Which basic geographic theme refers to 'the movements and flows that occur between places'?
Spatial interaction
The United States and Canada hold dearly to their nation's roots. Although most land in both countries is rural, most people in both countries do not live on most of the land. More than ______ percent of Canadian and American residents live in urban areas.
75
Which of the following is the most striking aspect of Canada's population?
90% of it lives within 100 miles of the U.S.-Canada border.
When Melanie Lawrence left home and moved to Spain, what did the United States consider her to be?
An emigrant
When Melanie Protti-Lawrence left her D.C. suburb and re-settled in her hometown, what did her D.C. community consider her to be?
An out-migrant
Which theme describes the multi-layered approach to jurisdiction and government that we use in the US and Canada?
political complexity
Harrisburg International Airport (HIA) serves 16 locations with direct flights. Which type of region best describes this particular network of flights anchored by HIA?
single-featured nodal
The Sheetz service region is an area of Earth that contains hundreds of evenly-distributed Sheetz stores. Which type of region best describes the Sheetz Region?
single-featured uniform
Mr. Montgomery's report includes the phrase "with a population of just over 15,300." Which was he describing with that phrase?
site
Origin
the place where people live and perceive or experience push hectares, which are negative site conditions that prompt people to leave
Physiography
the study of natural features, natural resources, and the processes that create or affect them. The term is short for "physical geography."
Which of the following in not a typical way that geographers use the concept of scale?
to weigh things
Air travels across US ____ to ____
west; east
Identity
what the place is known for or known as; a collective persona or brand
International Migrants (emigrants and immigrants)
people who leave- who emigrate from- their home country
Which generalized physiographic region stretches between the Gulf of Mexico and the Arctic Circle and essentially covers half of the continent's land mass?
Interior Lowlands
Which of the following regional development projects are credited with opening access to and improving living conditions in Appalachia? Check all that apply.
- Appalachian Regional Commission - Tennessee Valley Authority - Arkansas River Navigation System - Annapolis Valley Authority - St. John River Navigation System
Which of the these natural resources is distributed unevenly across our continent? Check all that apply.
- Fresh water - Vegetation (i.e., assemblages that will grow and reproduce indefinitely) - Metallic minerals (e.g., iron, copper, gold, etc.) - Soil (i.e., mixtures of weathered rock material and organic matter) - Mineral fuels (e.g., oil, natural gas)
Which of the following comprise the system of Great Lakes along the US-Canada border? Check all that apply.
- Lake Ontario - Lake Huron - Lake Michigan - Lake Superior - Lake Champlain - Lake Erie - Lake St. Lawrence
English Metes and Bounds System
-English surveyors used natural features to mark the boundaries of land ownerships -Property lines were described by referencing a point with the distance and direction to the next point.... To the next point... until you return to the point of beginning
Canadian Shield
-Glaciers ruin topsoil -Mines- bedrock at surface -Lots of small rivers -Lots of fishing for food source
Arctic Coastal Plains
-Has running water -Largest herd of caribou -Summer: grasses, green, running water, mountains -Winter: snow, frozen
Seigneurial System for New France
-Land was subdivided into long narrow lots -Land was skinny, long lots perpendicular to water
Dr. Drzyzga interviewed Graham Marema, a young woman who once struggled with her identity as an Appalachian. How did Graham try to create distance between herself and her hometown? Check all that apply.
- She tried to create cultural distance by training herself to drop her accent. - She tried to create cultural distance by learning to play mountain music. - She tried to create physical distance by moving to Denver. - She tried to create physical distance by leaving home to go to college.
Which of the following are the major geographic factors that influences average (i.e., normal) climatic conditions at a place? Check all that apply.
- Soil - Latitude - Continentality (vs. proximity to large bodies of water) - Air mass movements and circulation patterns - Vegetation - Proximity to mountain topography
Which of the follow is a false statement about the Bypassed East and Appalachia? Check all that apply.
- The Bypassed East is buffered from the Atlantic Ocean by the Piedmont region. - Both regions rely on basic primary economic activities. - They both occupy parts of the Appalachian Highlands region. - The Bypassed East experiences a colder and wetter climate than does Appalachia.
Which of the following regional specializations can be considered a basic economic activity?
- The abundance of people and firms in Canada's Atlantic Provinces that are still engaged in commercial fishing. - The abundance of people and firms in the St. John-Aroostook Valley that produce potatoes for the local McCain Foods factory. - The abundance of people and firms in Appalachia engaged in coal mining.
The name of a place or city can provide us with clues about its origin or past. A place name can suggest:
- The cultural or ethnic background of the first person or persons to occupy the site. - An historic event. - Someone moved from a previous location and brought the name with them. - The importance of a nearby natural feature or resource.
American Public Land Survey System
- Thomas Jefferson's "chequer board" system started as a possible solution to a public health care issue- communicable disease. That solution is now used in nearly all areas west of the Appalachian Highlands
Uniform Region
- an area of earth's surface where a defining characteristic (or a particular combination of characteristics) is present throughout- combination of characteristics - Ex. sheetz is only in a certain region
Geography is a science. It involves:
- discovering new knowledge about earth's physical environments -mapping the earth -discovering new knowledge about earth's human environments -discovering new knowledge about how earth's human and physical environments interact
Sometimes when we describe a location, the five components of location are distinct and do not overlap. Other times, some of the components are associated with or overlap each other. The restorative mineral waters in Mineral Wells, TX inform which of its five components of location? Choose all that apply.
- situation - absolute location - identity - site - place name
Great Plains
-Elevation is higher -Climate is drier -Wheat and cows -More cows than people -Cattle feedlot- 60,000 cows -A lot of runoff- turn into fertilizer and used for crops
Which group of metro areas has sites and situations that don't have a strong water orientation?
Atlanta, Calgary, Denver, and Dallas-Ft. Worth
Basic Economic Activity
Bringing money into a region from an outside region
High Mobility
Can move freely across states without providing paperwork or telling someone in advance
Which physiographic region served as the major barrier that severely limited northward and westward expansion away from Canada's core populated area?
Canadian Shield
Metro Area
Center city and all of surrounding suburbs
Which of the following basic themes best characterizes the Bypassed East, Appalachia, and the Ozarks?
Compared to the US & Canada as a whole, both regions have industrial mixes that exhibit low degrees of diversity.
The Vancouver, Miami, and Boston metropolitan regions are dense urbanizing areas. Which of the following is not a defining characteristic shared by all three?
Each attracted the bulk of its immigrants from the same places as did the others.
Multi Featured Nodal Region
Ex. Delta airlines connection maps- Large cities have a hub- most on the east coast- mainly flying over the midwest
Emigrates
From the home country's perspective, they people they lose to another country
Out-Migrants
From the hometown's perspective, the people they lose
Immigrants
From the new country's perspective, the new people they gain
In-Migrants
From the new place's perspective, those new people are called
Which of the following places is generally considered the commerical and immigrant gateway into the Bypassed East?
Halifax, NS
Multiplier Effect
If you can get one thing to attract tourists, more business will also form and the town will flourish (domino effect)
Which generalized physiographic region has vast agricultural potential and can be traversed without significant topographic barriers?
Interior Lowlands
Between the Blue Ridge and the Ridge and Valley sections is a wide valley that extends virtually the entire length of the Appalachian Highlands between New York and Alabama. What is the name of this valley?
The Great Valley
Which of the following is generally considered the proverbial straw that broke the back of the Bypassed East?
The collapse of the cod fishery.
In the Northern Hemisphere, which range of latitudes experiences the greatest seasonal differences between summer and winter conditions?
The high latitudes (between the North Pole @ 90° N and 66.6° N)
Ben Popken authored the report we read about the Wood-Mode cabinet factory in Kreamer, PA. Mr. Poken reported, "the closure rippled up and down the local economy ... Pizza Ruhls lost dozens of customers ... Bingaman & Son Lumber lost one big customer." Which economic geography concept was he trying to illustrate in words?
The multiplier effect.
Economic Base
Trying to develop basic jobs, basic economic activities, which will eventually spur growth in nonbasic sector
Recently, big tech firms like Facebook, Apple, Google, and Amazon have been in-migrating, at least in parts, to Megalopolis. Which of the following situation characteristics did Amazon consider during its search for a place to build a second headquarters (HQ2)?
Within 45 minutes of an international airport
Destination
a place with pull factors, which are the positive site conditions that are lure or attract people
Single Featured Region
a region that has only one distinctive part or area
Relative Location
aka its situation (where it is in relation to other places)
Region
an area of the earth's surface that exhibits a unique characteristic or a unique combination of characteristics
Site
an inventory of people and things at the place (what/who you will see)
Longitude
angular distance east or west of the prime meridian
Latitude
angular distance north or south of the equator
Which of the following economic activities is considered nonbasic?
barber shop / salon
Mr. Fairchild and Mr. Nix are hoping wedding tourism, particularly bachelorette and bridal parties, will improve the local economy. Wedding tourism is an economic activity. Which type of economic activity?
basic
Geography Definition
class of methods for mapping the Earth and generating new knowledge about the earth's human physical environments, how they're occupied, and how they interact
Hurricane Maria (2017) was a deadly Category 5 hurricane that devastated Puerto Rico. Consider the subsequent mass movement of people from Puerto Rico from Puerto Rico's perspective - the people they lost to New York or Florida are considered:
out-migrants
Which phrase best characterizes all regions and their boundaries?
each is a simplification of landscape complexity
Absolute Location
geographic coordinates
Fall Line
geological contact between erosion resistant hard rocks, and much softer rocks
During the 1950s, increased price competition from other sources of energy (e.g., natural gas), mine mechanization, and emerging quality competition from coal mines in the western US prompted massive job losses and, subsequently, large flows of ex-coal miners and their families from Appalachia. Their collective flow into the large cities in the Manufacturing Core is best described as a mass:
in-migration
The United States and Canada control vast land areas. Canada is __________ the USA and has __________ as many people.
larger than, one-tenth
The WaWa service region is an area of Earth that contains WaWa stores, including a dense concentration centered somewhere between Philadelphia, PA and Trenton, NJ. Which type of region best describes the WaWa service region?
multi-featured uniform
Domestic Migration (out-migrates and in-migrates)
out-migrate from their home city, county, or state
