GEOG 110 Final Exam HW 1

when do all locations on earth experience equal lengths of day and night

March equinox

which of the following scenarios is most likely to occur in an equivalent projection?

a landmass will be the same size on the map as on the globe, but its shape will be distorted

what is the graticule

a name given to the system of lines used to locate points on earth's surface

which of the following projections is used for general-purpose world maps because it communicates a balanced representation of the world?

compromise projection

which map projection class has longitude lines appearing as straight lines that diverge away from the north or south pole and latitude lines appearing as arcs?

conic projection

which map projection class has longitude lines appearing as straight, equally spaced parallel lines and latitude lines appearing as parallel lines that intersect the meridians at right angles?

cylindrical projection

when are the sun's rays perpendicular to earth's surface at the equator?

during the march equinox and september equinox

which map projection is torn, or cut, in order to reduce shape distortion in specific parts of the map?

interrupted projection

what is the significance of Greenwich, England in the context of latitude and longitude?

it is the historically agreed-upon starting point for longitude

which of the following best describes latitude?

latitude is used to measure distance north and south of the 0 degree line

which map projection class has longitude lines appearing as lines radiating from a central point and latitude appearing as concentric circles and ovals?

planar projection

what is the starting location (0 degree location) used for lines of longitude?

prime meridian

which map projection class has longitude lines that curve in and converge, or nearly converge, at the poles and latitude lines appearing as parallel lines?

pseudocylindrical projection

classes of map projections are based on the ____

shape of the projection surface

of earth's spatial relationships, which characteristics is preserved in an equivalent map projection?

size

which two key properties of earth's spatial relationships are considered when creating a map projection?

size and shape

which of the following statements about earth's solstices is correct?

the december solstice is the time of year when earth's geographic south pole is leaning most directly toward the sun

how does the inclination of earth's axis (relative to the plane of its orbit) change over the course of a year?

the inclination of earth's axis does not change

fall equinox

the sun has declination 0 degree today, but will have a negative declination tomorrow

spring equinox

the sun rises due east today, but will rise slightly north of due east tomorrow

the June solstice is____

the time of the year when earth's geographic north pole is leaning most directly toward the sun

the December solstice is____

the time of year when earth's geographic north pole is leaning most directly away from the sun

which of the following statements best characterizes a map projection that maintains angular relations on a map?

when circles are projected onto such a map, their shape will be maintained but they will vary in size

which of the following characteristics of earth's relationship to the sun explains the existence of earth's seasons?

-earth orbits around the sun, completing one orbit each year -earth spins on its axis, completing one rotation each day -earth's axis always points in the same direction relative to the stars -earth's axis is tilted relative to its orbital plane

summer solstice

-longest day (most daylight) of the year -the noontime sun reaches its highest point of the year

go back to solstices and equinoxes

-part 10 or 13 on HW 1

winter solstice

-the noontime sun casts the longest shadows -the sun crosses the meridian 23.5 degrees lower in altitude than the celestial equator -sunset occurs at its farthest point south of due west for the year

what is the highest value a line of longitude will have?

180 degrees

which of the following statements best characterizes the aspect of a map

aspect is the location of the center of a map projection

where does the length of day remain the same throughout the year?

at the equator