geog 482 exam 2
11.6 What are four types of client- server system architectures?
1)Central file server with workstation clients 2) Central DBMS server with workstation clients 3) Centralized application processing with terminal clients 4)Web transaction processing with browser or workstation
14.3 What is new in cloud computing
1. illusion of infinite computing resources available on demand 2. Eliminate up-front commitment by cloud users. 3. ability to pay for use of computing resources on a short-term basis as needed.
14.5 When is utility computing preferable to running a private cloud?
1. when demand for a service varies with time 2. when demand is unknown in advance
13.5 What is the service support function within the soa infrastructure?
5 key areas 1. Directory - registry, catalog, uddi 2. Security - xml based security mechanisms 3. Management: monitoring, transaction management, routing, transformation, service qualities, service usage. 4. Orchestration - process logic that is typically owned by a single organization 5. Semantics - common formats for interchange of data. Language for recording how the data relates to real-world
16.2What has driven mainstream and geospatial technology integration?
Advances in computer hardware, software, and standards - large datasets, high performance processing, geovisualization. Value of geospatial data
14.2 What is cloud computing?
Both the applications delivered as services over the internet and the hardware and systems software in the datacenters that provide those services.
14.7 What is spatial cloud computing?
Cloud computing that takes advantage of spatial relationships. Driven by geospatial sciences
14.1 Why is cloud computing attractive?
Computing as a utility computing Potential to transform large part of IT industry Make software more attractive as a service
13.3 What are SOA logical components?
Consumers SOA infrastructure Producers
10.7 what is federated database system?
Create a database architecture that provides uniform and simultaneous access to several heterogeneous data sources.
11.3 What is the family tiering of eXtensible markup languages and how is it used?
XML is an expansion of HTML, not an extension. 1) Foundation - collection of rules for defining elements 2)Tools - creating and interpreting xml documents 3) Dialects and applications
16.4 what are some mobile software products
arcpad onsite enterprise mobile arcgis
15.3 What are the steps for data mining implementation
business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, modeling, evaluate, deployment
15.6 What database systems are needed for decision support?
considerable number of elements, managed over time,... weird question and answer
12.8 What is replication and why is it important for GIS data management?
database replication is designed to support many different systems where you need to distribute data among multiple locations. Data is distributed to improve data availability and performance
16.5 Why consider spatial data usability?
diverse spatial data providers: Government, academic, private industry, non-for-profit, and crowd sourced complexity of spatial problems, critical decisions legal liability
9.1 What is arcGIS for Server data management technology stack?
four layers to the stack, arcobject, arcsde, dbms, and the operating system.
12.2 how is arcGIS server packaged?
functionality at 3 levels- basic (data management), standard (web mapping and geoprocessing), and advanced ( advanced geoprocessing, mobile app, sdk)
12.6 What is archiving and why is it important to GIS data management?
geodatabase archiving introduces a historical version in addition to the existing transactional version into a database. Historical versions are read only, transactional can be edited
16.1 Why is integration of information tech an important trend?
geospatial tech is an important part of everyday activity. GIS has data management, map visualization, and spatial analysis
16.3 What is the nature of moble computing and tech integration?
laptop computers, tablets, smartphones
16.7 What are some research frontiers?
large spatial databases online everywhere access improved 3d and 4d space-time data management, analysis, and display spatial cloud computing
10.1What are the challenges for multi-user database environments?
multiple representations of data, how people view the world. The use of common user interface that everyone understands. concurrent access and security- integrity of data, inconsistencies of groups. Standards of hardware, software, and environments. Metadata that fits the use.
12.3 what are the 3 types of geodatabase management platforms?
personal (tables) File (collection of files in file folder) arcSDE (collection of tables, for multi-use access)
14.9 What spatiotemporal principles might we consider to guide us in spatial cloud computing?
physical phenomena are continuous and digital representations are discrete for both space and time. physical phenomena are heterogenous in space and time, semi-independent across localized geographic domains.
10.2 What is enterprise GIS?
platform for delivering organization wide geospatial capabilities while improving access to geographic information to diverse uses of GIS. Uses common infrastructure, extends the geospatial capabilities. To increase efficiency, effectiveness, and equity.
15.2 What types of data mining techniques exist?
predictive data mining, classification, unsupervised, time series analysis, class concept hierarchies, association, clustering, cluster analysis
11.5 Wha are elements of an application architecture?
presentation, logic, and data
15.1 What is spatial data mining?>
process of extracting interesting and previously unknown information from complex data stored in databases or warehouses
12.1 What are the ArcGIS Server Services?
same capabilities provided in ArcGIS desktop/workstation, but deployed over a WAN, including the Internet.
13.9 What is involved in ESRI SOA component deployment?
scalable architecture of ArcGIS server, may also include multiple web servers, web app servers, etc
16.6 What are some geospatial tech trends
sensor networks, access anywhere geographic representation open formats and gml
9.2 What is UW geography CGISE
server cluster cybergis environment. high perfomance with distributed data.
12.4 what are limitations of arcGIS database environments?
size of the data management activity.
10.4 what are approaches to geospatial data sharing?
spatial data infrastructure, enterprise, domain, functional, connected, ad hoc
13.4 What is a web services protocol stack?
stack of computer networking protocols that is used to define, locate, implement, and make web services interact with each other. Usually 4 protocols: Transport (service) messaging (XML) Description (service) discovery (service)
11.1 What are web-enabled database systems?
system that takes advantage of the WWW architecture for the internet. Widest possible audience.. there are limitations to the HTML though.
9.3 What is the motivation for WAGDA 2.0
wagda 1.0 was a file-server download capability. 2.0 as more data that is downloadable
9.4 What technology stack is use to implement WAGDA data management at uw?
Same stack as geography
11.4 What is web data processing called web services?
Services - software components used to build comprehensive applications
10.6 What is data warehousing?
Subject- oriented, integrated and time variant.
12.5 What is versioning and why is it important?
Versioning allows for mulitple users to edit the same data without applying locks or duplicating data.
12.7 How does versioning relate to archiving?
Versioning is performed when multiple users edit a dataset. Archiving is performed by storing the current transactional version that becomes the historical version.
15.5 What is a general approach to decision workflow?
Workflow can involve a considerable number of sequenced tasks- (macro)intelligence, design, choice (micro)gather, organize, select, review
13.8 What are ArcGIS server system architecture components?
GIS server hosts your resources, server object manager (SOM) manages the services on a server and the server object container(SOC) provides the services that the som manages.
13.1 What are some design issues associated with a service oriented architecture (SOA) approach?
IT have an application- centric view not SOA
14.4 What is the spectrum of cloud computing resources?
IaaS - provide hardware only PaaS - provide hardware and operating system SaaS - provide hardware, operating system, and other software DaaS - provide database manager software on top of above AaaS - refers to package of DaaS and SaaS MaaS - some specific combination of above
13.2 What are the key aspects of SOA
Method of building applications that utilize common services to support organization functions. Control and Policy, Execution context, and Interaction
10.3 what are the major goals to multi-user data sharing?
New tech makes it easier to share with substantial amount of people and data. encourage local autonomy, promotes wide collaboration. Reduces cost. Ontology- controlled vocabulary
10.5 What are three approaches to enterprise data management and how can we characterize them?
Operational database- support operational applications, more daily use Data warehousing- Executive applications, merge data from multiple sources, replicates data. data federation - supports applications across organizational units. simultaneous access online to multiple sources. Real time access to sources
11.2 What is a four-tier architecture for web-enabled systems?
Presentation (Browser) Communication (Network connections) Business logic tier (Rules and capabilities, servers) Data Management (spatial database)
14.8 What are the four intensities emerging in geospatial sciences in need of cloud computing?
Data intensity - larger volumes of data Computer Intensity - more cpu cycles needed to address more complex problems Concurrent access intensity - larger and larger numbers of concurrent users Spatiotemporal Intensity - space/time observations related to other space-time observations creates more relationships of interest
