GEOG313

Examples of John key's national government returning to neo-liberalism

- tax cuts to the highest earners - raising goods and services tax slashed funding to state services more privatisation and selling of state owned assets - TPPA

Southern-most point in the North Island and the Northern-most point in the South Island

Cape Palliser, Farewell spit

Name NZ's most Eastern territory

Chatham Islands

Largest 2 South Island rivers modified by hydrodams

Clutha, Waitaki

NZ town furthest from the sea

Cromwell (in South Island), Turangi is the town furthest from the sea in the North Island.

Lakes in the North and South island were created by two different forces. What were they?

North: volcanic activity. South: glaciation

Name the only three regular long-distance passenger rail journeys in NZ

Northern Explorer (Auckland-Wellington), Coastal Pacific (Christchurch-Picton), Tranz Alpine (Christchurch-Greymouth)

What Industry is associated with Marsden point?

Oil refining

Name NZ oldest and newest national park

Oldest: Tongariro National Park Newest: Rakiora National Park (Stewart Island)

Which economic system allowed Wellington to grow after the Wakefield scheme?

Pastoralism

Academic responsible for the greet fleet tradition:

Percy Smith

Early European explorers gave what temporary advantages to Maori?

Pigs, Potatoes, Muskets/weapons

Four significant rivers flowing into the Pacific Ocean (eastward)

Wairau, Waimakariri, Rakaia, Rangitata (and Waitaki & Clutha)

Approximate rainfall of Wellington and Christchurch in mean annual mm

Wellington: ~1200mm Christchurch: ~600mm

Where in NZ is the only known nesting place fo the White Heron/Kotuku

Whataroa, South Westland

NZ's first British Governor

William Hobson

Characteristics of finance capitalism

deregulation, investing in finance markets (e.g. bonds and stocks) = big source of profits. Smaller government, lower taxes.

What is the best estimate of Maori people prior to European settlemet?

150,000

NZ earthquake that recorded the greatest magnitude

1855 Wellington Earthquake (movement of the west-wairarapa fault)

Wellington became the capital of NZ in what year?

1865

Immediate cause of the welfare state

1930s depression

What is the most statistically accurate measure to say when a family is in poverty?

60% below median national disposable household income

Name two characteristics needed for an ethnic group?

A common name Same-origin Shared language Shared common history/ancestry

Theoretical father of Industrial capitalism

Adam Smith

Three main road passes over the Southern Alps

Arthurs pass, Haast pass, Lewis pass

Fastest growing ethnic group in NZ

Asian (increase 33%)

In which country has migration been a more important driver of population growth- Australia or NZ?

Australia (1/3 of all 20th century growth compared to 20% in NZ).

What geopolitical event occurred in 1973 that effected NZ and why would this by considered a blessing in disguise?

Britain joined the EEC: European Economic Community Blessing in disguise as it forced us to diversify our range of export markets which was fundamentally a good thin in the long term.

Which South Island river emerges at Westport?

Buller River

How many stars are on the NZ and Aus flags, and what colour are they?

Australia: 6, white. NZ: 4, red (with white outline)

Which is the only land mammal indigenous to NZ?

Bats

Two reasons why families have done economically really well due to neoliberal reforms?

Cut in the tax bracket of the wealthy from 66% to 33% Ownership of property- benefit due increased inflation reducing the real value of a mortgage (more females in work force= higher incomes, flexible economy, high paying jobs)

Two most valuable export industries

Dairy, Tourism

When James Cook drew his map of NZ in the 18th century, what did he get wrong?

Drew Banks peninsula as an island, and Stewart Island as a peninsula.

Why did Michael King call prehistoric NZ a larder of protein?

Due to the abundance of large birds and seafood (e.g. Haast eagle, shellfish).

Ethnic groups important in settling Dunedin, Christchurch, Akaroa and Dannevirk

Dunedin: Scots, Christchurch: British, Akaroa: French, Dannevirk: Scandenavians

Three advantages Maori had over Aborigines in early treatment?

Early access to muskets- more equal fighting (Pakeha achieved land more via stealth), had a treaty, more Maori as a percentage of the population.

Advantages of NZ being located far from other countries

Easier to police illegal immigrants and bio security Viewed as distant from trouble and terror

Why are we reasonably sure the Taupo eruption was 1800 years ago?

Evidence in Roman and Chinese writing at the time of "blood red sky" due to volcanic ash.

Where in NZ are East Cape, Cape Egmont and Cape Foulwind?

Gisborne ish (eastern point), Taranaki West coast near west port/Buller river (named by Cook).

Give two international examples of political changes in the world dramatically affecting geography (geopolitics)?

Global terrorism demands a new way of looking at the world- across state boundaries, military might not directed at the state but residing terrorist groups. Attepts at self determination- are we descending back into Tribalism?

Why did pastoralism grow so fast?

Gold rush.industrialisation in Australia, clothing industry needed wool from sheep (no synthetic fibers), also due to founders rent- the initial fertility of the land meant pastoralism was successful.

Name of prehistoric continent NZ was apart of

Gondwanaland

Characteristics of welfare capitalism

Government as a regulator, Government is a producer of goods and services

NZ's smallest, most endangered dolphin

Hectors

Three Natural Harbours on the West Coast of the North Island

Hokianga, Kaipara, Manakau, (also Porirua, Raglan)

Two signs of hope for the future of Maori people

Improvements in Education: Health care slightly increasing (percentage of school leavers getting UE qualifications doubled from 2001-2006. Better jobs (between 2001-2006, Maori managed grew 84%, professionals 74%, employers increased 24%.

Theoretical father of welfare capitalism

John Keynes

Most Northern territory belonging to NZ and what is the strategic significance of this territory?

Kermadec Islands- extends NZ waters

NZ's deepest lake

Lake Hauroko

What advantage did NZ and Aus possess that kept us going better than most countries in the world during the 2007-2010 economic crises

Less dependant on the finance industry- banks did not collapse by and large (world still had a demand for food and raw materials)

Characteristics of industrial (laissez faire) capitalism

Limited government intervention Unrestricted free trade

highest mountain in the North Island

Mt Ruapehu

What large volcanic eruption destroyed a famous tourist attraction in NZ in 1886

Mt Tarawera eruption (Pink and White terraces)

Second highest mountain in NZ

Mt Tasman

What land mass is bigger, New Zealand or UK?

NZ

Why is the phrase "poor little rich country" an apt phrase for New Zealand- in what ways are we poor and rich?

NZ has a lower GDP- a wealthier economy could sustain larger wages and a bigger labour market. However rich in recreation opportunities, healthier environments ("clean" water), diverse topography and climate, have decent healthcare and a range of social services.

Two differences between the political systems of Australia and NZ?

NZ is MMP, Australia is STV NZ is unicameral, Australia is bicameral

NZ Earthquake that caused the most fatalities

Napier, 1931

NZ's deepest cave

Nettledbed system- joins up to other cave system - stormy pot- 36km underground, 12m deep. In Mt Arthur table lands/Kahurangi National Park

Why are some Pacific Islands described as "conscience colonies" of New Zealand?

New Zealand was meant to protect them but made things worse- e.g. hospital ship with influenza in Samoa. Feel guilty- benign attitude towards our pacific nations as we have not always treated them well in the past.

Name three dependant territories that receive automatic NZ citizenship

Nieu, Tokelau, Cook Islands

What economic and tech developments allowed development/integration of provinces of Manawatu and Wairarapa into hinterland?

Railways (first private railway) and Refrigeration (dairy industry)

Two reasons why some families have suffered under neoliberalism

Reduction in industry jobs - labour jobs now outsourced overseas. Cut in social benefits More unemployment Benefits haven't risen at the same rate of wages/living. High price for basics due to GST, leading to higher overall taxes.

Political father of finance capitalism in NZ

Roger Douglas

Sentence that helps explain the alleged class division among Maori

Rural-urban migration (large post WW2 group of Maori migrated to the city, lost iwi affiliation and oversight of extended whanau- didn't benefit from a lot of treaty settlements. Underclass- work out of low paid jobs).

Disadvantages of NZ being located far from other countries

Smaller home markets as to being so far away from other countries (e..g. small European democracies have borders with big influential countries such as Germany (80m), France (60m), and Italy (70m). Far away - maybe a disincentive for a lot of tourism.

Where are the Catlins?

South East corner of the South Island

What industry is associated with Glenbrook

Steel

Volcanic Hazard which caused the most fatalities since 1886 (Tarawera eruption)

Tangiwai disaster (1953) Ruapehu crater lake expelled 2 million cubic metres of water and increased flow in Whangaehu river (bridge collapsed)

NZ largest lake?

Taupo

What is the name of the Maori prophet whose visions founded a religion on the West Coast of the North Island?

Te Ua Haumene

What is unique about the Te Urewera Settlement?

Te Urewera National Park is no longer owned by the Crown- it is owned by Ngati Tuhoe. Management of the park is being transferred to this tribe slowly from DOC (co management).

Four national parks in the North Island

Te Urewera, Whanganui, Tongariro, Egmont/Taranaki

Why is it a myth NZ can catch up with Australian economy?

There is an abundance of natural minerals in Australia (even if you take away coal and iron)

Why did Wellington chiefs grant NZ company land in Port Nicholson?

There was a war like chief in Porirua. Wellington did not like that threat. Thought Pakeha could offers some protection.

What is worse in NZ- government debt or total debt

Total debt, due to a large amount of private/personal debt due to NZ's large property market (we love buying houses) and borrowing money from Australian banks.

Largest North Island river modified by hydrodams?

Waikato

Modern consequences of early Maori treatment in NZ:

got vote and political representation earlier (Aborigines not until the 1960s), retained about 5% land (although also lost a lot), better language and culture retention (Although still poor), however land possibilities for Aborigines hire than in NZ due to a higher % of crown leasehold.

What are the respective populations of NZ, UK and Japan (to the nearest million)?

~ 5 million, 65 million, 130 million