Geography Chapter 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14 - Homework

Which of the following types of results appear when you search for the word 'oil'? Select all that apply.

-Data layers that pertain to the subject of oil and petroleum, but do not necessarily contain the word 'oil'. -Data layers where the letters O, I, and L appear together (such as in the word 'soil') -Data layers with the word 'oil' in the name of the layer -Data layers that pertain to the subject of oil and petroleum, but do not have the world 'oil' in the name of the layer

Which of the following actions can be performed using the Legend? Select all that apply

-Highlight the class break '81-90' on the map -Remove the layer from the map -Hide the class break '71-80' from the map -Change the color scheme of the layer -Hide the entire layer from the map

What is the highest value a line of longitude will have?

180 degrees

At the Little Ice Age's start in the fourteenth century, temperatures in Europe fell by about how much? 1. 5° Fahrenheit 2. 1° Fahrenheit 3. 4° Fahrenheit 4. 10° Fahrenheit 5. The temperature stayed the same.

1° Fahrenheit

If a country's crude birth rate (CBR) is 51 per thousand and its crude death rate (CDR) is 15 per thousand, what is its Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)?

36 per thousand

If a map's scale is 1:6800, what would one inch on the map represent on the actual ground?

6,800 inches

At what wind speed does a tropical disturbance become a hurricane?

74 mph

Which of the following examples would be considered a devolutionary force?

A referendum calling for Scottish independence

Which of the following map options would you need to check to see the following labels? Sort the label into the bin that corresponds with the map option you would need to check off. A. physical labels B. political labels C. city labels

A. Amazon Basin, Carribbean Sea B. Paraguay, Costa Rica C. Caracus, Buenos Aires

Drugs are being exported from Latin America to every world region except __________.

Australia & Oceania

The ancient city of Tenochtitlan, on the site of modern-day Mexico City, was the political and ceremonial center of which people?

Aztec

Which of the following islands is NOT part of the Greater Antilles?

Bahamas

What happens in Stage 3 of the Demographic Transition?

Birth rates begin to decrease.

How does Brazil's environmental protection agency protect 4 million square kilometers of tropical rainforest with only six helicopters and 600 officers?

Brazil's environmental protection agency uses satellite monitoring technology to detect deforestation.

What type of map shows statistical data by shading areas?

Choropleth map

Which country is the most recent addition to the EU?

Croatia

What percentage of the Amazon Rainforest is still standing?

Eighty percent of the Amazon Rainforest is still standing.

Which statement about the former Warsaw Pact members is true?

Germany was formerly divided into two countries, with East Germany being a Warsaw Pact member.

Which of the following religions is growing the fastest in Europe?

Islam

What happens to the energy that the ground absorbs in the form of visible sunlight? 1. It is returned upward in the form of infrared light. 2. It is returned upward in the form of visible light. 3. It makes the ground continually get hotter and hotter.

It is returned upward in the form of infrared light.

What is the significance of Greenwich, England, in the context of latitude and longitude?

It is the historically agreed-upon starting point for longitude.

What makes the Amazon River distinctive?

It is the world's largest river by volume.

On a cloudless day, what happens to most of the visible light headed toward Earth? 1. It is reflected by Earth's atmosphere. 2. It is absorbed and reemitted by gases in Earth's atmosphere. 3. It is completely reflected by Earth's surface. 4. It reaches Earth's surface, where some is reflected and some is absorbed.

It reaches Earth's surface, where some is reflected and some is absorbed.

Ch 4

Latin America

Which countries are currently members of NATO but were formerly Soviet republics belonging to the Warsaw Pact?

Lithuania, Poland, Hungary

What areas are shown when you select options from the 'Zoom to' menu?

Major world regions such as East Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, or Australia

What best describes the design of maps?

Maps always have implicit social and political agendas.

Which of the following climate types characterizes both Paris and Belfast?

Marine west coast

Which countries are among the highest exporting economies within the region?

Mexico and Brazil

What is the starting location (0 degree location) used for lines of longitude?

Prime Meridian

Why has Russia been critical of the expansion of the European Union and NATO into eastern Europe?

Russia views EU and NATO expansions as encroachment into its sphere of influence.

What region does the rimland refer to in the Caribbean?

The Caribbean coastal zone of the mainland, including Belize and the Guianas as well as the Caribbean coast of Central and South America.

Which of the following actions or events led to the Portuguese presence in the Americas?

The Treaty of Tordesillas

What physical factors produce a regular pattern of high- and low-pressure cells? 1. The uneven heating of Earth due to latitudinal differences and the arrangement of oceans and continents 2. Anthropogenic factors 3. Adiabatic lapse rate 4. The orographic effect 5. Insolation

The uneven heating of Earth due to latitudinal differences and the arrangement of oceans and continents

How do the maps produced by Worldmapper promote alternate views of the world?

They distort the size of countries based on the prevalence of particular phenomena such as HIV.

In 2008, Brazil initiated the formation of a 12-member supranational structure, which includes virtually all of South America. What is the name of this particular trade bloc?

UNASUR

Which country is least reliant on remittances from immigrants?

Uruguay

The relationship between cooler temperatures at higher elevations and changes in vegetation is

altitudinal zonation

Which is NOT shown in a population pyramid?

birth and death rates

In Brazil the poorest states tend to lie __________.

in the northeast

Incoming short-wave solar energy is called 1. solar intensity 2. sunlight 3. insolation 4. heat 5. the greenhouse effect

insolation

What is the word for a state policy of reclaiming lost lands or lands inhabited by people of the same ethnicity in another state?

irredentism

The greenhouse effect raises Earth's surface temperature (from what it would be otherwise) because the infrared light radiated by Earth's surface __________. 1. travels directly out to space 2. becomes permanently trapped by greenhouse gases 3. is temporarily absorbed by greenhouse gases and then reemitted in random directions

is temporarily absorbed by greenhouse gases and then reemitted in random directions

Earth's outer layer is composed of seven dominant plates. What is the name of this rigid outer layer? 1. hydrosphere 2. lithosphere 3. mantle 4. asthenosphere 5. mesosphere

lithosphere

Which North American agricultural region has the highest desertification risk? 1. Livestock ranching 2. Mixed farming 3. Specialty crop or livestock farming 4. Commercial wheat and other small grain farming 5. Dairy farming

livestock ranching

In the United States, El Niño affects places that otherwise ___________ by redirecting and concentrating storms, not necessarily by increasing the number of storms or amount of moisture.

might have been drier

Which of the following energy sources is non-renewable? 1. Geothermal 2. Hydropower 3. Wind 4. Oil 5. Solar

oil

What percentage of the world's known species live in the Amazon Rainforest?

one-tenth of the world's known species

What is permafrost? 1. permanently discontinuous ground 2. permanently frozen ground 3. partially frozen ground 4. ground frozen only in winter 5. ground frozen part of the year

permanently frozen ground

What does a negative net migration rate in a country indicate?

that more people are leaving the country than moving to it

Which part of Europe is the region's unquestionable focus of intensive agriculture, large cities, and major industrial activities?

the European Lowland

As a general rule, the atmosphere cools by 3.5°F for every 1,000 feet gained in elevation. This is called 1. the rain shadow effect. 2. the environmental lapse rate. 3. the subsolar point. 4. the rate of condensation. 5. orographic effect.

the environmental lapse rate.

What do some in the West claim is Russia's intended use of the former submarine base at Olavsvern, Norway?

to validate territorial claims in the Arctic Ocean

Why did Japanese people migrate to Latin America?

to work in the coffee and sugar plantations and mines

What organization lists World Heritage Sites?

UNESCO

Which political unit of 1950 has been at war or experienced political insurrections since 1995?

Yugoslavia

What did the Peters attempt to achieve with his map projection?

He attempted to show the true relative sizes of countries.

Indication of a strong El Niño event usually begins with ___________.

warmer ocean water along the western coast of South America

The Wachau Valley is noted for its production of what product?

wine

What characteristic makes geographers particularly adept at understanding sustainability?

Geographers are adept at understanding how resource availability and consumption occur and vary at different locations and at different scales.

The main difference between climate and weather could be succinctly stated as __________.

climate is what you expect over the long term, weather is what you get day-to-day

In order to carve out valleys, glaciers have to be strong enough to drag rocks and boulders down the mountainside, but what else has to happen for glaciers to create glacial valleys?

Glaciers have to be soft enough to move, and it is this movement that drags the rocks and boulders responsible for carving Earth's surface.

Ch 2 Plate Tectonics is built on the notion that a significant heat exchange occurs deep within Earth due to the cooling of the inner core, circulating molten material through the mantle. Where do these phenomena occur? 1. In volcanoes 2. In Continental rift valleys 3. In ocean trenches 4. Within mountains on the margins of continents 5. In convection cells

In convection cells

What was the initial reaction to the unveiling of the Peters map projection?

It was embraced by the international press and many organizations but rejected by cartographers as being full of errors.

What criticism did Arno Peters have of the Mercator map projection?

It was imperialist and racist because Europe was portrayed as larger and more prominent, while the developing countries of the tropics and southern hemisphere were generally portrayed as smaller than their true physical size, and thereby less important.

What is a major negative outcome associated with fracking? 1. Decreases in oil production 2. Rapid decreases in employment in underpopulated states 3. Cheap oil prices 4. A switch to solar or nuclear power sources 5. Large amounts of freshwater are required

Large amount of fresh water required

How has agrarian reform changed landholding patterns in Latin America?

Large estates were divided and the parcels of land were given to small farmers.

Computerized data brought together into different layers that produce a map is

geographic information systems (GIS)

Currently, what two groups are primarily responsible for cutting down large sections of the tropical rainforest?

Brazil's ranchers and commercial farmers are primarily responsible for cutting down large sections of the tropical rainforest.

In the video, the narrator compares the grinding of surface rocks by the Nigardsbreen Glacier to what?

The advancing and retreating motion of the Nigardsbreen Glacier has been grinding down surface rocks like an enormous piece of sandpaper.

Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between per capita GDP and per capita carbon dioxide emissions? 1. The most developed nations (e.g. Norway, Canada, Australia, Germany, and the United States) tend to also have the highest CO2 emissions. 2. India, one of the most populous countries, is also among the wealthiest and has high per capita emissions of CO2.The countries with both the lowest per capita GDP and per capita CO2 emissions are primarily in South America and eastern Europe. 3. Countries with the highest per capita GDP (e.g. the United States, Australia, and Norway) also have among the lowest levels of per capita CO2 emissions. 4. Though Brazil has a low per capita GPD (< $1,000), its per capita CO2 emissions are among the highest of BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) countries.

The most developed nations (e.g. Norway, Canada, Australia, Germany, and the United States) tend to also have the highest CO2 emissions.

The bend in the stone walls in the town of Hollister, California are a result of __________. 1. groundwater withdrawal from a former sag pond 2. extensive igneous activity whereby magma rose toward the surface, causing structural damage 3. ground subsidence due to compaction of loose sediments 4. a fault creep along the Calaveras Fault 5. a large earthquake that caused major loss of life and property damage

a fault creep along the Calaveras Fault

What is the graticule?

a name given to the system of lines used to locate points on Earth's surface

Climographs do NOT contain information about 1. average high temperatures. 2. average precipitation. 3. average low temperatures. 4. average relative humidity. 5. annual precipitation.

average relative humidity.

What caused Dresden's city center to be delisted as a World Heritage Site?

construction of the Waldschlösschen Bridge

During El Niño, what is the main force driving the bulge of warm water across the equator from Indonesia to South America?

coriolis effect

The tangible, material expression of human settlement, past and present, is known as a

cultural landscape

The process of moist air rising up and over a mountain range, where it cools and results in condensation and precipitation on its windward side, is known as the 1. rate of condensation 2. rain shadow effect 3. altitudinal cooling 4. environmental lapse rate 5. orographic effect

orographic effect

Which statement represents the UN definition of extreme poverty?

percentage of the population living on less than $1.90 per day

What type of plate interaction produces the San Andreas Fault? 1. converging plates 2. diverging plates 3. plates sliding past one another

plates sliding past one another (transform)

The offset of Wallace Creek is caused by __________. 1. left lateral slip along the San Andreas normal fault 2. right-lateral movement along the San Andreas strike-slip fault 3. subduction of the Pacific plate under the North American plate 4. movement of the North American plate as it slides past the California plate in a northwest direction 5. squeezing along the Big Bend over the past 2-4 million years

right-lateral movement along the San Andreas strike-slip fault

What has been the Arctic's biggest change in recent years? 1. shrinking of the summer ice pack 2. habitat loss for polar bears dependent on ice packs 3. cooling sea surface temperatures 4. shrinking of the winter ice pack 5. reappearance of mountain glaciers

shrinking of the summer ice pack

How do the authors of your textbook define globalization?

the increasing interconnectedness of people and places through converging economic, political, and cultural activities

Which of the following climate types is likely to experience the most warming? 1. Humid continental, mild summers (Dfb, Dwb, Dsb) 2. Tropical rainforest (Af) 3. Humid subtropical, moist all year, hot summer (Cfa) 4. Midlatitude cold desert (Bwk) 5. Tundra (ET)

tundra

Which of the following is a result of recent climate change in Alaska? 1. cooler winters in the interior of Alaska 2. increased permafrost depth 3. prolonged nighttime along the Arctic coast 4. prolonged daylight along the Arctic coast 5. warmer winters in the interior of Alaska

warmer winters in the interior of Alaska

Water planners use the concept of ________ to map where water problems exist and also to predict where future problems will occur. 1. water stress 2. systems analysis 3. water output prediction solution 4. cation ratio 5. water predictive analysis

water stress

How does purchasing power parity (PPP) adjust Gross National Income per capita?

PPP takes into account the strength or weakness of local currencies.

Which of the follow statements reflects that respective region's climate?

San Francisco has dry summers and wet winters.

What is the world's fastest-growing Catholic region?

Sub-Saharan Africa

Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

Wind energy

What causes an earthquake such as the one that occurred in San Francisco in 1906? 1. As plates move, stress builds up at the boundary. When the boundary eventually snaps, energy is released as an earthquake. 2. When the two edges of a fault slowly glide past one another, an earthquake occurs. 3. As volumes of magma beneath the lithosphere rise toward the surface, the sudden upward thrust causes an earthquake to occur. 4. An abrupt change in the direction of plate motion causes an earthquake to occur (e.g., when a plate that is moving northward suddenly moves to the south).

As plates move, stress builds up at the boundary. When the boundary eventually snaps, energy is released as an earthquake.

How has climate change over the last 50 years been different than in the geologic past? 1. Climate change today is caused by volcanic eruptions. 2. Climate change happened mostly during the Eocence Epoch. 3. Climate change happened much more quickly in the past. 4. Climate change today is caused by decreased solar radiation. 5. Climate change today is happening much faster than during the Eocene Epoch.

Climate change today is happening much faster than during the Eocene Epoch.

Which of the following best describes latitude?

Latitude is used to measure distance north and south of the 0 degree line.

Which set of nations all have negative rates of natural increase (RNI)?

Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia

How do glaciers carve out valleys?

Moving glaciers engulf large boulders and rocks, which act as tools that scrape and chip away at solid rock.

On a day with complete cloud cover, what happens to the visible light headed toward Earth? 1. The clouds reflect some of it back to space, and some still reaches the surface. 2. It is absorbed by the clouds, which causes the clouds to heat up. 3. It reaches the surface just as it does on a cloudless day.

The clouds reflect some of it back to space, and some still reaches the surface.

Chapter 8: Europe What gives the lake adjacent to the Nigardsbreen Glacier its deep blue color?

The deep blue color is the result of minerals found in dust that has washed into the lake.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a projected 2 meter rise in sea-level and population density in South Asia and Southeast Asia? 1. Though much of the southern Indian coast is sparsely populated, it is projected to experience widespread sea-level rise. 2. Large swaths of the densely populated Myanmar coast are projected to experience inundation from sea-level rise. 3. The greatest extent of projected sea-level rise in South Asia is primarily in areas with low population densities (less than 100 people/km2).Hong Kong, while densely populated and coastal, appears to be immune from 2 meter sea-level rise. 4. While not as densely populated as other areas in South Asia, the southwestern tip of Vietnam is projected to experience extensive 2 meter sea-level rise.

While not as densely populated as other areas in South Asia, the southwestern tip of Vietnam is projected to experience extensive 2 meter sea-level rise.