geography chapter 7
alberta
has large deposits of oil and coal reserves and produces 76% of canada's natural gas
asian-canadians
live on canada's west coast
per capita GDP
the GDP divided by the population
inuit
the asian settlers that chose to stay in the canadian arctic and alaska were ancestors to the
ontario
the core of canada's english culture
quebec
the largest province in land area
french
the majority of canadians living in quebec speak this
transportation routes
to promote settlement, the canadian gov created
montreal and vancouver
what cities did the first transcontinental railroad connect
toronto, quebec city, montreal
what cities grew into major cities
new culture
what did the french and british add to canada
cultures
what has clashed between the french and english
french
what language did the majority of lower canada speak
english
what language did the majority of upper canada speak
gold
what was discovered that made people want to move to canada
farmers
who (occupation) are among the most productive in the world
"first nations"
"indian bands"
80, 10
____ percent of all canadians live on ____ percent of the land
territories
__________ make up 41% of canada's land area, but are VERY sparsely populated
france, great britain
___________ and ________ both staked large claims to large areas of land in the 16th and 17th centuries
dominion of canada
a confederation, a loose political union of several canadian provinces
british
after the war who took possession of canada
rural, farmers
after time of settlement, most canadians lived in _____ areas and were _________
core provinces
are at the center of canada's economic and political scene
prairie provinces
are manitoba, saskatchewan, and alberta
queen elizabeth II
canada is member of the british commonwealth and th ebritish monarch is the symbolic head of state
richest, industrialized
canada is one of the world's _________ nations with a highly __________ economy
montreal
canada's 2nd largest city and its the political and financial center of quebec
warm
canada's climate is
ontario (upper canada), quebec (lower canada)
canada's divided provinces (2)
productive
canada's land is more ________
toronto, ontario
canada's largest city
35,000,000
canada's population is about
france
claimed much of what is now canada
french and indian war
eventually the claims of the british and french led to
native peoples
first nations indians are __________ _________ who neither inuit nor métis
less
first nations peoples were ______ combative with european settlers than native americans were with colonists in what would become the united states
rural, farmers
for much of the time after settlement, most canadians lived in ______ areas and were ________
parliamentary
government type- a system in which legislature and executive functions are combined in a legislature called a pliant
atlantic provinces
home to 8% of canada's population
stratford festival in ontario
honoring william shakespeare is known worldwide
2nd largest
how big is canada compared to other countries
10
how many provinces does canada have
3
how many territories does canada have
zinc
important metal for industry
atlantic to pacific
in 1871 canada stretched from what 2 oceans
prairie provinces
is a very culturally diverse area
productive
land is unproductive or productive
rupert's land
land to the northwest was owned by a british trading company
manitoba
large numbers of scots-irish, germans, poles, ukranians, and scandinavians
ontario
largest in population
forest
leader in production of ________ products
quebec
located along the st. lawrence river
ontario
located near the great lakes
british columbia
logging, mining, and hydroelectric power production are important industries in _________ _________
history, diversity
long ________ and cultural ______ have given the nation a rich artistic heritage
mckenzie
longest river in canada
justin trudeau
majority party's leader becomes the prime minister, or head of gov
saskatchewan
many immigrants from south and east asia and many of the métis
preventual capitals
other red stars on the map mean
35
percent of canada's agricultural production
82
percent of canada's population that lives in a city
16
percent of canadians who don't follow a religion
20.3
percent of english religion (protestant)
toronto raptors, toronto blue jays
professional canadian teams
1,000,000
rounded population of calvary
1,000,000
rounded population of ottawa
climate, access to transportation routes
settlement patterns are influenced by these 2 things
easier
since the signing of NAFTA trade among the three nations has become even ______ than it had been
pacific provinces
some economic activity in the territories-mining, logging, and fishing
quebec
the core of canada's french culture
asia
the first people to settle in canada were migrants from
atlantic, core, prairie, pacific
the four subregions of canada
700,000
there are about ________ descendants of first nations' indians living in canada
gross domestic product
total value of all the goods and services produced within a country for year
east and west
transportation links what directions
east and west
transportation links what two directions
major canadian industries
transportation, equipment, food products, natural gas, etc
eliminated
treaty________ all tariffs and taxes levied on goods that passed between the borders of the three nations
roads, canals, railroads
types of transportation created by gov
zinc oxide
used as a pigment in white paints
zinc
used to coat propellers used on ships
nunavut
was created out of the northwest territories in 1999 to be a homeland for the inuit who live there
great britain
who gave canada independence
british
who won the french and indian war
anti-corrosive
zinc is most often used as an ___________ agent in conjunction with iron and still
1780s
1st english-speaking universities were founded during the _____ in new brunswick and nova scotia
10
75 percent of canada's people live within __ miles of the border with the US
2,300
most of canada's native peoples live on one of canada's _______ reserves, or public lands set aside for them by the government
south, native americans
other asian migrants moved ______ and became ancestors to the ____________________ of north america
newsprint
paper used to publish newsprint
75
percent of all french canadians that live in quebec
99
percent of literacy rate
75
what percent of canada's people live within 100 miles of the border with the US
parliament
has an elected house of commons and an appointed senate
coastal fisheries, fur trade, access to america
3 things that were important to both nations (france and great britain)
prairie provinces
are part of the great plains of north america and the center of canada's agriculture production
pacific provinces
are the province of british columbia and the yukon territory, northwest territory, and nunavut
industrialized, urbanized
as the population grew and canada became more ___________, canada has become more ____________
urbanized
as the population grew and canada became more industrialized, canada has become more ______
terrain, climate
atlantic provinces are sparsely populated because of the rugged _______ and harsh ________
federal
canada has a large ________ gov
bilingual
canada is a ______ country (pertaining to language)
cold
canada is cold or warm
subregions
canada is divided into four of these
large
canada is large or small
ottawa
canada's fifth largest city
calvary, alberta
canada's fourth largest city
more
canada's government often spends ______ than it collects in taxes and fees
vancouver
canada's largest port and hosts a prosperous shipping industry
toronto
canada's most populous city and banking and financial center
ottawa
canada's national capital is located on ontario's border with quebec
montreal, quebec
canada's second largest city
vancouver, british columbia
canada's third largest city
roman catholic french, protestant great britain
canada's two cultures
british columbia
canada's westernmost province and lies mostly within the rocky mountain range
warm
climate in canada (warm or cold)
resources, landforms, economic activities, cultural life
each subregion possesses unique, natural _________, ___________, ____________ _________, and __________ _____
fishing, mining
economic activities all four atlantic provinces share
logging
economic activity in new brunswick and nova scotia
atlantic coast
great britain claimed areas along the ________ _________
port cities, farmlands
most densely populated areas
alberta
most diversity among the prairie provinces; europeans, japanese, vietnamese, lebanse, and indian populations
100
most live within ____ miles of the border with the US
southwestern
most of b.c.'s people live in the _________________ part of the province around victoria and vancouver
US
most of the growth in canadian urbanization has taken place along canada's border with ________________
united states
most of the growth in canadian urbanization has taken place along canada's border with the
core provinces
most of the people of these provinces live along the great lakes and st. lawrence river
ottawa
national capital in the world
lacrosse, ice hockey
native candaians developed what two sports
canada, US, mexico
north american free trade agreement was a treaty signed by what countries
core provinces
often called canada's heartland
laval
oldest university in canada (in quebec)
core provinces
ontario and quebec
58.7
percent of english-speaking majority
48
percent of female work force
38.8
percent of french religion (catholic)
22
percent of french-speaking minority
52
percent of male work force
70
percent of manufacturing
41
percent of mineral production
montreal, toronto, vancouver
port cities
atlantic provinces
prince edward island, nova scotia, new brunswick, newfoundland and labrador
4,000,000
rounded population of montreal
6,000,000
rounded population of toronto
2,000,000
rounded population of vancouver