Geography, Chapter 9
Igneous
Which rock type makes up approximately 90% of Earth's crust?
Volcanism
Which of the following is an endogenic process?
Radioactive decay
Which of the following is the fuel for continental drift and plate tectonics?
Gravity, wind, water, and ice, and radioactive decay
Which of the following plays a role in the shaping of Earth's surface?
True
Sedimentary rock may be formed from the shells of organisms containing calcium carbonate.
rock cycle
The continuous alteration of Earth materials from one rock type to another is known as the
True
The crust is thickest under mountains and thinnest under the oceans.
both solar energy and Earth's internal heat.
The geologic cycle is fueled by
True
The half-life of a radioactive isotope does not vary.
Which of the following statements about Earth's core is NOT correct?
The inner core is believed to be liquid and the outer core solid.
Which of the following is CORRECT in regards to the geologic time scale?
The largest defined unit is an eon or, according to some, a supereon.
mantle.
The majority of Earth's volume is within the
uniformitarianism.
The principle that the same physical processes currently active in the environment were operating throughout Earth's history is known as
lithosphere.
The rigid crust and uppermost mantle are known collectively as the
False
Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift was immediately accepted by the scientific community when it was proposed
silicates.
Approximately 95% of Earth's crust is made up of
False
Exogenic processes cause warping, folding, faulting, and uplift of Earth's surface.
true
Humans can contribute to both the endogenic and exogenic processes shape Earth.
Injection wells contributing to earthquake activity
In terms of human-environment interaction, which of the following is an example of an anthropogenic endogenic process contributing to the geologic cycle?
indirect evidence involving the analysis of seismic waves.
Knowledge of Earth's interior is mostly derived from
organic(Wrong Answer)
Limestone formed from the shells of marine organisms is an example of ________ sedimentary rock.
magma; lava
Molten rock beneath Earth's surface is known as ________, whereas molten rock on Earth's surface is called ________.
oxygen (O)
Of the elements in Earth's crusts, ________ makes up the most of Earth's crust by weight
endogenic processes.
Tectonic forces are an example of
True
The Moho separates the uppermost mantle from the crust.
a plastic
The asthenosphere can best be described as
geomorphology.
The subfield of geography and geology concerned with the study of the origins, evolutions, form, and spatial distribution of Earth's landforms is
sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.
The three basic rock types are
oxygen, silicon, and aluminum.
The three most abundant elements in Earth's crust are
chemical
Travertine, formed from the CaCO3 that has been precipitated from groundwater, is an example of ________ sedimentary rock.
Sedimentary
What type of rock is derived from the bits and pieces of former rocks?
Volcanoes
Which of the following are located along the mid-ocean ridges?
Radioactive decay heat — exogenic energy source
Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?
It can be accomplished by pressure.(Wrong Answer)
Which of the following is NOT correct regarding the metamorphism process?
The Hawai'ian island chain will subduct in approximately 40 my.
Which of the following is NOT correct?
Plate tectonics
________ is the theory that describes the motion of Earth's lithosphere.
Ocean floor subducts under continents because
the ocean floor is made up of silica and magnesium and is more dense than continental material.
intrusive igneous rock.
A batholith forms from
granite; basalt
Continental crust is basically ________, whereas oceanic crust is basically ________.
False
Earthquake and volcanic occurrences do not correlate well with crustal plate boundaries.