Geology Ch. 14: Energy Resources-Fossil Fuels

The environment disaster that has affected the town of Centralia, Pennsylvania was caused by...

an underground coal-mine fire

The term...........describes processes that occur in the absence of oxygen

anaerobic

The reservoir now believed to contain the largest amount of carbon is...

gas hydrates

Oil shale

is a sedimentary rock containing the waxy hydrocarbon fuel called kerogen

Lignite

is a soft, brown coal formed directly from peat

...........is the most common gaseous hydrocarbon in natural gas

methane

Geopressurized zones might one day become an important source of..

natural gas

...........energy resources are those not being replenished or formed on a human time scale

nonrenewable

The United States has about two-thirds of the world's known resources of...

oil shale

An oil well "gusher" would be an example of...

primary recovery

One barrel of oil is equal to.......gallons

42

True/False Most petroleum is found in rocks no older than one to two million years old

False. Almost no petroleum is found in rocks younger than 1 to 2 million years old

True/False Oil and natural gas are believed to have formed from the bodies of large land animals such as dinosaurs

False. Oil and natural gas are believed to have formed from the remains of accumulated marine microorganisms

True/False The United States consumes about 10% of all the world's oil resources

False. The United States consumes over 25% of the oil used worldwide

True/False The United States has about two-thirds of the world's supply of tar sands

False. The United States has almost no tar-sand reserves

True/False The United States has consumed almost half of its total coal resources

False. The United States has consumed only a few percent of its coal resources. United States reserves could satisfy the country's energy needs for more than two centuries at current use levels

True/False Most petroleum source rock are highly permeable, coarse-grained, clastic sedimentary rocks

False. The majority of petroleum source rocks are fine-grained clastic sedimentary rocks of low permeability

True/False The potential fuel in tar sands is a waxy solid called kerogen

False. The potential fuel in tar sands is a thick, tar-like petroleum. Kerogen is a waxy solid found in oil shales

Oil, natural gas, and coal are examples of...

Fossil fuels Hydrocarbon fuel Nonrenewable resources ALL OF THE ABOVE ARE CORRECT

..............are sedimentary rocks containing a viscous, tar-like petroleum

Tar sands

The largest recoverable U.S. energy reserve is...

coal

As societies evolve from primitive to technological, the energy consumption associated with agriculture...

increases

Liquefaction

is the process by which coal is converted into a liquid hydrocarbon fuel

Gasification

is the process by which coal is converted into gaseous hydrocarbon fuel

As heat and pressure act upon petroleum, it finally becomes...

natural gas

The substance found in coal that contributes to acid rainfall is...

sulfur

Petroleum accounts for about.......percent of the energy used int he United States

40

Which one of the following fuels would give off the most heat per given weight?

Peat Lignite Bituminous ANTHRACITE

Coal subjected to overly high temperatures will metamorphose into...

graphite

Fossil Fuels

are hydrocarbon energy sources formed from the remains of once-living organisms

Coal supplies about.......percent of the energy used in the United States

25

Natural gas supplies about.....percent of the energy used in the United States

25

All of the following are problems in the development of oil shale in the U.S. as a viable energy resource except...

Extraction and processing technologies are not competitive with those of conventional petroleum Environmental problems associated with the surface mining of oil shale The problem of waste rock disposal THE LOW QUALITY OF THE OIL

The worst oil spill in United States waters was the...

Exxon Valdez spill

The hydrocarbon fuel in oil shale is...

Kerogen

.........., or petroleum, is not a single chemical compound, but a liquid mixture of various hydrocarbons

Oil

The nation having the largest proven reserves of crude oil is...

Saudi Arabia

True/False Coal formation from land plants takes place under conditions in which oxygen is absent, or nearlly so

True

True/False The United states obtains almost 90% of its energy from fossil fuels

True

True/False The richest oil shale deposits in the United States occur in the western states of Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming

True