Geology Chapter 17 Glencoe Online Science Test Assessment

What is the name of Alfred Wegener's hypothesis about moving landmasses? a. continental drift b. continental movement c. seafloor spreading d. plate tectonics

a. continental drift

Places where two tectonic plates are moving away from each other are called __________. a. divergent boundaries b. convergent boundaries c. transform boundaries d. earthquake boundaries

a. divergent boundaries

How are the convection currents set in motion? a. the heat from radioactive decay b. slab push and ridge pull c. spreading mid-ocean ridges d. slab push

b. slab push and ridge pull

Extrusive rocks have fine-grained textures because __________. a. they are derived from volcanoes b. they cooled quickly c. they cooled inside Earth's crust d. they cooled slow

b. they cooled quickly

How deep is the deepest place in the ocean? a. 20 km b. 100 km c. 11 km d. 2 km

c. 11 km

Which current shown in the map brings warm water to the east coast of the U.S.? a. Canary Current b. Equatorial Countercurrent c. North Atlantic Current d. Gulf Stream

d. Gulf Stream

What is the polarity of a magnetic field that has the same polarity as the present magnetic field? a. a reverse polarity b. an isochron c. a magnetic reversal d. a normal polarity

d. a normal polarity

Granite is an example of __________ rock. a. a partially melted b. a volcanic ash c. an extrusive igneous d. an intrusive igneous

d. an intrusive igneous

Where do tectonic plates interact? a. at plate centers b. at mid-ocean ridges c. in deep-sea trenches d. at plate boundaries

d. at plate boundaries

What breaks mid-ocean ridges into smaller sections? a. abyssal plains b. submarine canyons c. shelf breaks d. fracture zones

d. fracture zones

What is the source of cold water of Earth's oceans? a. equatorial seas b. years with long winters c. years with cold temperatures d. polar seas

d. polar seas

What is the process called when one plate is forced beneath another at a convergent plate boundary? a. transformation b. subtraction c. convergence d. subduction

d. subduction

What does GPS stand for? a. Global Potential Satellite b. Geodial Position Satellite c. Global Positioning System d. Geographic Positioning System

C. Global Positioning System

What is an isochron? a. a part of a mid-ocean ridge b. a line on a seafloor map that connects points of equal age c. a line on a seafloor map that connects points of equal elevation d. a point on a seafloor map that has a magnetic reversal

b. a line on a seafloor map that connects points of equal age

Why did Wegener think that the Antarctic continent had been closer to the equator in the geologic past? a. existence of the Transantarctic Mountains b. existence of coal beds c. existence of volcanic rocks d. evidence of fossil fish

b. existence of coal beds

What is the hardness of quartz? a. 2 b. 9 c. 7 d. 4

c. 7

How does a Landsat satellite differentiate between objects on Earth's surface? a. Landsat uses a single detector to measure the intensities of energy. b. Landsat measures the longest frequencies of electromagnetic radiation from Earth. c. Features on Earth radiate warmth at different frequencies, which show up as different colors on Landsat images. d. Landsat satellites take pictures using visible light.

c. Features on Earth radiate warmth at different frequencies, which show up as different colors on Landsat images.

What is thought to be the driving mechanism of plate movement? a. volcanoes b. continental drifting c. convection currents in the mantle d. conduction of heat in the mantle

c. convection currents in the mantle

What is thought to be the driving mechanism of plate movement? a. volcanoes b. continental drifting c. convection currents in the mantle d. conduction of heat in the mantle

c. convection currents in the mantle

Oceanic crust melts at __________ than continental crust. a. higher pressures and lower temperatures b. the same temperature c. higher temperatures d. lower temperatures

c. higher temperatures

What is the study of Earth's magnetic record? a. magnetometer b. paleogeography c. paleomagnetism d. paleontology

c. paleomagnetism

Wegener proposed that the continents were __________. a. formed at mid-ocean ridges b. floating on top of oceanic crust c. plowing through oceanic crust d. formed at deep ocean trenches

c. plowing through oceanic crust

An igneous rock with two distinct grain sizes has a __________ texture. a. felsic b. coarse-grained c. porphyritic d. fine-grained

c. porphyritic

When the Moon, Earth, and Sun are aligned, large tidal ranges called __________ occur. a. tidal ranges b. full tides c. spring tides d. neap tides

c. spring tides

What branch of Bowen's reaction series cools with a continuous change in composition? a. the iron-magnesium groups b. the silica chains c. the feldspars d. the carbonates

c. the feldspars

What is the difference between low and high tide called? a. neap tide b. full moon c. tidal range d. riptide

c. tidal range

A place where two plates slide laterally past each other is called a __________. a. convergent boundary b. divergent boundary c. transform boundary d. mid-ocean ridge

c. transform boundary

What describes the way a mineral feels? a. streak b. hardness c. luster d. texture

d. texture

What is the electromagnetic spectrum? a. energy emitted from Earth b. frequencies measured by satellites c. visible light d. the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation

d. the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation

How are submarine canyons formed? a. runoff b. rivers c. longshore current d. turbidity currents

d. turbidity currents