GI quiz 1

A client is scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). During the client teaching, the nurse will discuss which of the following? a) "You must remove all jewelry but can wear your wedding ring." b) "The examination will take only 15 minutes." c) "Do you experience any claustrophobia?" d) "You must be NPO for the day before the examination."

"Do you experience any claustrophobia?"

Alice Burton, a 77-year-old retired bookkeeper, is having elimination difficulties and has been admitted to the medical-surgical floor at the hospital where you practice nursing. In your client education regarding her lower GI study that is scheduled, you describe the organs involved and their characteristics. Approximately how long is her duodenum? a) 15 feet b) 10 inches c) 15 inches d) 10 feet

10 inches

Which of the following digestive enzymes aids in the digesting of starch? a) Lipase b) Trypsin c) Bile d) Amylase

Amylase

The nurse is preparing to measure the client's abdominal girth as part of the physical examination. At which location would the nurse most likely measure? a) At the lower border of the liver b) Just below the last rib c) At the umbilicus d) In the right upper quadrant

At the umbilicus

When assisting with preparing a client scheduled for a barium swallow, which of the following would be appropriate to include? a) Avoid the intake of red meat before the procedure. b) Take three cleansing enemas before the procedure. c) Take vitamin K before the procedure. d) Avoid smoking for at least 12 to 24 hoursbefore the procedure.

Avoid smoking for at least 12 to 24 hoursbefore the procedure.

The nurse is to obtain a stool specimen from a client who reported that he is taking iron supplements. The nurse would expect the stool to be which color? a) Red b) Green c) Black d) Dark brown

Black

The hydrogen breath test was developed to evaluate which type of absorption? a) Fat b) Carbohydrate c) Protein d) Vitamin B12

Carbohydrate

The nurse is a preparing a patient for a barium enema. The nurse should place the patient on which of the following prior to the procedure? a) Clear liquids day before b) Soft diet 1 day prior c) High-fiber diet 1 to 2 days prior d) Nothing by mouth (NPO) 2 days prior

Clear liquids day before

A client is scheduled for several diagnostic tests to evaluate her gastrointestinal function. After teaching the client about these tests, the nurse determines that the client has understood the teaching when she identifies which test as not requiring the use of a contrast medium? a) Small bowel series b) Colonoscopy c) Computer tomography d) Upper GI series

Colonoscopy

A patient with cystic fibrosis takes pancreatic enzyme replacements on a regular basis. The patient's intake of trypsin facilitates what aspect of GI function? a) Digestion of fats b) Vitamin D synthesis c) Maintenance of peristalsis d) Digestion of proteins

Digestion of proteins

Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder characterized by pulmonary and pancreatic dysfunction, usually appears in young children but can also affect adults. If the pancreas was functioning correctly, where would the bile and pancreatic enzymes enter the GI system? a) Ileum b) Jejunum c) Duodenum d) Cecum

Duodenum

The nurse is working in a diagnostic testing unit focusing on gastrointestinal studies. For which testing procedure is the nurse correct to assess the gag reflex before offering fluids? a) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy b) Colonoscopy c) Peritoneoscopy d) Sigmoidoscopy

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

The nurse is assessing bowel sounds and hears one to two bowel sounds in 2 minutes. The nurse documents the bowel sounds as being which of the following? a) Hyperactive b) Normal c) Hypoactive d) Absent

Hypoactive

Which of the following is a parasympathetic response in the GI tract? a) Increased peristalsis b) Decreased gastric secretion c) Blood vessel constriction d) Decreased motility

Increased peristalsis

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a diagnosis of AIDS. Inspection of the patient's mouth reveals the new presence of white lesions on the patient's oral mucosa. What is the nurse's most appropriate response? a) Encourage the patient to gargle with salt water twice daily. b) Attempt to remove the lesions with a tongue depressor. c) Make a referral to the unit's dietitian. d) Inform the primary care provider of this finding.

Inform the primary care provider of this finding.

When examining the abdomen of a client with complaints of nausea and vomiting, which of the following would the nurse do first? a) Inspection b) Palpation c) Auscultation d) Percussion

Inspection

The nursing instructor is teaching new nursing students how to perform an abdominal assessment. When performing an abdominal assessment, what examination sequence should the nurse follow? a) Inspection, percussion, palpation, and auscultation b) Percussion, inspection, palpation, and auscultation c) Auscultation, inspection, palpation, and percussion d) Inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation

Inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation

Which of the following terms describes a gastric secretion that combines with vitamin B12 so that it can be absorbed? a) Intrinsic factor b) Amylase c) Pepsin d) Trypsin

Intrinsic factor

From the following profiles of clients, which client would be most likely to undergo the diagnostic test of cholecystography? a) Andrew, suspected of having esophageal abnormalities b) Mark, suspected of having stones in the gallbladder c) Sandra, suspected of having lesions in the liver d) Steven, suspected of having a tumor in the colon

Mark, suspected of having stones in the gallbladder

Which of the following would be most important to ensure that a client does not retain any barium after a barium swallow? a) Monitoring the stool passage and its color. b) Observing the color of urine. c) Placing any stool passed in a specific preservative. d) Monitoring the volume of urine.

Monitoring the stool passage and its color.

What part of the GI tract begins the digestion of food? a) Stomach b) Esophagus c) Mouth d) Duodenum

Mouth

The dietitian is giving an inservice to the nurses on your unit. Many of your elderly patients experience poor wound healing after surgery. The dietitian has determined that these patients require more protein in their diet. The nurses are aware that enzymes are essential in the digestion of nutrients. What is the enzyme that initiates the digestion of protein? a) Amylase b) Pepsin c) Lipase d) Intrinsic factor

Pepsin

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a percutaneous liver biopsy. Which diagnostic test is obtained prior? a) Blood chemistry b) Prothrombin time (PT) c) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) d) Complete blood count (CBC)

Prothrombin time (PT)

A group of students are studying for an examination on the gastrointestinal (GI) system and are reviewing the structures of the esophagus and stomach. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as the opening between the stomach and duodenum? a) Cardiac sphincter b) Ileocecal valve c) Hypoharyngeal sphincter d) Pyloric sphincter

Pyloric sphincter

The nurse is scheduling gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic testing for a client. Which GI test should be scheduled first? a) Barium swallow b) Small bowel series c) Radiography of the gallbladder d) Barium enema

Radiography of the gallbladder

A patient tells the nurse that his stool was colored yellow. The nurse assesses for which of the following? a) Ingestion of bismuth b) Pilonidal cyst c) Recent foods ingested d) Occult blood

Recent foods ingested

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a percutaneous liver biopsy. The nurse would monitor the client for which of the following? a) Return of the gag reflex b) Signs and symptoms of bleeding c) Passage of stool d) Intake and output

Signs and symptoms of bleeding

You have assumed care of a patient who has returned after a barium enema study. When you assess the patient's bowel patterns and stools, what findings based upon the assessment of the stool would you report to the physician? a) Large, wide stools b) Milky white stools c) Three stools during an 8-hour period of time d) Stool has streaks of blood throughout the fecal material

Stool has streaks of blood throughout the fecal material

The nurse is preparing to examine the abdomen of a client complaining of a change in his bowel pattern. The nurse would place the client in which position? a) Left Sim's lateral b) Lithotomy c) Supine with knees flexed d) Knee-chest

Supine with knees flexed

A client receives a local anesthetic to suppress the gag reflex for a diagnostic procedure of the upper GI tract. Which of the following nursing interventions is advised for this patient? a) The client should not be given any food and fluids until the gag reflex returns. b) The client should be monitored for any breathing-related disorder or discomforts. c) The client should be monitored for cramping or abdominal distention. d) The client's fluid output should be measured for at least 24 hours after the procedure.

The client should not be given any food and fluids until the gag reflex returns.

Hotspot question - Click to select the correct part of the image. A client is having problems with her gallbladder. Mark the quadrant that the nurse would identify in documentation as being the source of the disorder.

The gallbladder is located in the right upper quadrant.

Hotspot question - Click to select the correct part of the image. The nurse is performing assessment of the client's left upper quadrant. Mark the area in which the nurse is examining the client.

The left upper quadrant (LUQ) contains the left lobe of the liver, stomach, tail of the pancreas, splenic flexure of the colon, and portions of the transverse and descending colon.

When describing the role of the pancreas to a client with a pancreatic dysfunction, the nurse would identify which substance as being acted on by pancreatic lipase? a) Starch b) Protein c) Glucose d) Triglycerides

Triglycerides

A 23-year-old nursing student is studying for finals around-the-clock. She rarely takes time to eat a meal and snacks for energy. As she is eating, which sphincter prevents food or fluids from reentering her pharynx? a) Pyloric sphincter b) Cardiac sphincter c) Lower esophageal sphincter d) Upper esophageal sphincter

Upper esophageal sphincter

A client scheduled to undergo a liver biopsy is at risk for bleeding. Which precautionary treatment might the client receive? a) Vitamin E b) Vitamin D c) Vitamin B12 d) Vitamin K

Vitamin K

Which of the following is an age-related change of the GI system? a) Increased mucus secretion b) Weakened gag reflex c) Increased motility d) Hypertrophy of the small intestine

Weakened gag reflex

When bowel sounds are heard about every 15 seconds, the nurse would record that the bowel sounds are a) absent. b) hypoactive. c) normal. d) sluggish.

normal.

A nurse is teaching a client with malabsorption syndrome about the disorder and its treatment. The client asks which part of the GI tract absorbs food. The nurse tells the client that products of digestion are absorbed mainly in the: a) rectum. b) stomach. c) large intestine. d) small intestine.

small intestine.

The nurse is instructing a client prior to a colonoscopy. The client states, "Why do I have to drink this disgusting liquid?" The nurse is most correct to verbalize the goal of the oral preparation as which of the following? a) "To allow ease of passage of the scope through the colon" b) "To decrease pain associated with fecal matter being pressed against the colon wall" c) "To eliminate gas from the internal portion of the colon" d) "To cleanse the bowel to promote clear visualization of structures"

"To cleanse the bowel to promote clear visualization of structures"

An adult patient is scheduled for an upper GI series that will use a barium swallow. What teaching should the nurse include when the patient has completed the test? a) Slight anal bleeding may be noted as the barium is passed. b) Fluids must be increased to facilitate the evacuation of the stool. c) Stool will be yellow for the first 24 hours postprocedure. d) The barium may cause diarrhea for the next 24 hours.

Fluids must be increased to facilitate the evacuation of the stool.

The nurse is teaching a patient scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which of the following should be included as part of the preparation for the procedure? a) Do not void for at least 30 minutes before the test. b) Follow the dietary and fluid restrictions and bowel preparation procedures. c) Consume at least 3 quarts of water 30 minutes before the test. d) Spray or gargle with a local anesthetic.

Follow the dietary and fluid restrictions and bowel preparation procedures

The nurse is assessing a 50-year-old, dark-skinned African American man and has noted that he appears jaundice. Most likely, the nurse made this observation by assessing which part of his body? a) Nail beds b) Skin c) Mucous membranes d) Top of the hands and feet

Mucous membranes

A patient is scheduled to have a fecal occult blood test. Before the test, the nurse should instruct the patient to avoid: a) Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs b) Acetaminophen c) Carrots d) Fish

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Hotspot question - Click to select the correct part of the image. A nurse is assisting with preoperative care for a client who requires an appendectomy. The nurse is aware that the surgery will involve which abdominal quadrant? Mark the correct area.

The appendix is in the right lower quadrant

While palpating a client's right upper quadrant (RUQ), the nurse would expect to find which structure? a) Liver b) Appendix c) Sigmoid colon d) Spleen

Liver