GI System PPT Questions

A client with hiatal hernia chronically experiences heartburn following meals. The nurse should plan to teach the client to avoid which action because it is contraindicated with a hiatal hernia? 1. Lying recumbent following meals 2. Consuming small, frequent, bland meals 3. Taking H2-receptor antagonist medication 4. Raising the head of the bed on 6-inch (15 cm) blocks

1

After a subtotal gastrectomy, the nurse should anticipate that nasogastric tube drainage will be what color for about 12 to 24 hours after surgery? 1. Dark brown 2. Bile green 3. Bright red 4. Cloudy white

1

Fistulas are most common with which of the following bowel disorders? 1. Crohn's disease 2. Diverticulitis 3. Diverticulosis 4. Ulcerative colitis

1

The client with a new colostomy is concerned about the odor from the stool in the ostomy drainage bag. The nurse teaches the client to include which of the following foods in the diet to reduce odor? 1. Yogurt 2. Broccoli 3. Cucumbers 4. Eggs

1

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease about dietary measures to implement during exacerbation episodes. Which statement made by the client indicates a need for further instruction? 1. "I should increase the fiber in my diet." 2. "I will need to avoid caffeinated beverages." 3. "If I practice stress reduction techniques my disease can improve." 4. "I have to get used having exacerbations and remissions with Crohn's disease."

1

The nurse is transcribing the HCP's orders for a client who is scheduled for an emergency appendectomy and is being transferred from the emergency department (ED) to the surgical unit. Which order should the nurse implement first? 1. Obtain the client's informed consent. 2. Administer 2 mg of IV morphine, every 4 hours, PRN. 3. Shave the lower right abdominal quadrant. 4. Administer the on-call IVPB antibiotic.

1

The nurse would monitor a patient using sodium bicarbonate to treat gastric hyperacidity for signs and symptoms of: 1. Metabolic alkalosis 2. Metabolic acidosis 3. Hyperkalemia 4. Hypercalcemia

1

Which of the following types of diets is implicated in the development of diverticulosis? 1. Low-fiber diet 2. High-fiber diet 3. High-carbohydrate diet 4. Low-carbohydrate diet

1

Ralph has a history of alcohol abuse and has acute pancreatitis. Which lab value is most likely to be elevated?​ ​ 1. Calcium​ 2. Glucose​ 3. Magnesium​ 4. Potassium

2

The nurse is caring for a client with chronic gastritis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that this client is at risk for which of the following vitamin deficiencies? 1. Vitamin A 2. Vitamin B12 3. Vitamin C 4. Vitamin E

2

The nurse would monitor for which of the following adverse reactions to aluminum-containing antacids such as aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)? 1. Diarrhea 2. Constipation 3. GI upset 4. Fluid retention

2

Which of the following best describes the method of action of medications, such as ranitidine (Zantac), which are used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease? 1. Neutralize acid 2. Reduce acid secretions 3. Stimulate gastrin release 4. Protect the mucosal barrier

2

A client is to take one daily dose of ranitidine (Zantac) at home to treat her peptic ulcer. The nurse knows that the client understands proper drug administration of ranitidine when she says that she will take the drug at which of the following times? 1. Before meals 2. With meals 3. At bedtime 4. When pain occurs

3

A client with gastric cancer may exhibit which of the following symptoms? 1. Abdominal cramping 2. Constant hunger 3. Feeling of fullness 4. Weight gain

3

The female client, diagnosed with diverticulosis, called the home healthcare agency and told the nurse, "I am having really bad pain in my left lower stomach and I think I have a fever." Which action should the nurse take? 1. Recommend the client take an antacid and lie flat in the bed. 2. Instruct one of the nurses to visit the client immediately. 3. Tell the client to have someone drive them to the emergency room. 4. Ask the client what she has had to eat in the last 8 hours.

3

The male client is 30 minutes post-procedure liver biopsy. Which action by the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) requires the nurse to intervene? 1. The UAP offered the client a urinal to void. 2. The UAP gave the client a glass of water. 3. The UAP turned the client on the left side. 4. The UAP took the client's vital signs.

3

The nurse is performing a colostomy irrigation on a client. During the irrigation, a client begins to complain of abdominal cramps. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action? 1. Stop the irrigation and notify the physician 2. Increase the height of the irrigation bag 3. Stop the irrigation temporarily. 4. Medicate with anticholinergic and resume the irrigation

3

The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for the client who had an umbilical hernia repair. Which of the following would the nurse include in the plan? 1. Restricting pain medication 2. Maintaining bedrest 3. Avoiding coughing 4. Irrigating the drain

3

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client following gastrectomy and should instruct the client to take which measure to assist in preventing dumping syndrome? 1. Ambulate following a meal and avoid going to bed soon. 2. Eat toast, apple sauce, boiled rice and mashed bananas. 3. Limit the fluids taken with meals. 4. Sit in a high Fowler's position during and after meals.

3

The nurse would question an order for which type of antacid in patients with chronic renal failure? 1. Aluminum-containing antacids 2. Calcium-containing antacids 3. Magnesium-containing antacids 4. All of the above.

3

Which of the following tests can be performed to diagnose a hiatal hernia? 1. Colonoscopy 2. Lower GI series 3. Barium swallow 4. Abdominal x-rays

3

When obtaining a nursing history on a client with a suspected gastric ulcer, which signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to see? Select all that apply. 1. Epigastric pain at midnight 2. Relief of epigastric pain after eating 3. Vomiting 4. Weight loss 5. Increased risk for gastric cancer

3,4,5

The client 2 days postoperative from a laparoscopic cholecystectomy tells the office nurse, "My right shoulder hurts so bad I can't stand it." Which statement is the nurse's best response? 1. "This is a result of the carbon dioxide gas used in surgery." 2. "Call 911 and go to the emergency department immediately." 3. "Increase the pain medication the surgeon ordered." 4. "You need to ambulate in the hall to walk off the gas pains."

4

The client is diagnosed with esophageal bleeding. Which of the following assessment data warrants immediate intervention by the nurse? 1. The client's hemoglobin/hematocrit is 11.4/32. 2. The client's abdomen is soft to touch and non-tender. 3. The client's vital signs are T 99, AP 114, RR 18, B/P 88/60. 4. The client's nasogastric tube has coffee ground drainage

4

The nurse is assessing for stoma prolapse in a client with a colostomy. The nurse would observe which of the following if stoma prolapse occurred? 1. Sunken and hidden stoma 2. Dark- and bluish-colored stoma 3. Narrowed and flattened stoma 4. Abnormal protrusion of the stoma

4

The nurse is planning the care of a client diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis. Which nursing problem is priority? 1. Altered nutrition. 2. Self-care deficit. 3. Perianal skin integrity. 4. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance.

4

The nurse is preparing a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease for a barium study of the stomach and esophagus. Which nursing intervention is the priority for this client? 1. Obtain informed consent from the client for the diagnostic procedure. 2. Discuss the need to increase oral fluid intake after the procedure. 3. Explain to the client that he or she will have to drink a white, chalky substance. 4. Tell the client not to eat or drink anything prior to the procedure

4

Which of the following associated disorders may a client with ulcerative colitis exhibit? 1. Gallstones 2. Hydronephrosis 3. Nephrolithiasis 4. Toxic megacolon

4

Which of the following symptoms may be exhibited by a client with Crohn's disease? 1. Bloody diarrhea 2. Narrow stools 3. Nausea/Vomits 4. Steatorrhea

4

At 0830, the day shift nurse is preparing to administer medications to the client NPO for an endoscopy. Which medication should the nurse question administering? 1. Digoxin 0.125 mg PO every day. 2. Furosemide 40 mg PO bid. 3. Ranitidine 150 mg in 250 mL NS IV continuous infusion every 24 hours. 4. Vancomycin 850 mg IVPB every 24 hours. 5. Mylanta 30 mL PO PRN heartburn

5

The nurse is performing ostomy care for a client who had an abdominal-peritoneal resection with a permanent sigmoid colostomy. Rank the following interventions in order of priority. 1. Cleanse the stoma site with mild soap and water. 2. Assess the stoma for a pink, moist appearance. 3. Monitor the drainage in the ostomy drainage bag. 4. Apply stoma adhesive paste to the skin around the stoma. 5. Attach the ostomy drainage bag to the abdomen. 6. Remove old appliance 7. Wear clean gloves

7,6,2,1,4,5,3

A client is admitted with dysentery caused by Clostridium difficile, or pseudomembranous colitis. To elicit the most helpful information about the cause of the dysentery, the nurse would ask the client a. "Are you taking any antibiotics?" b. "Do you ever go barefoot outside your home?" c. "Does anyone else in your family have bowel problems?" d. "Have you traveled in any foreign countries lately?"

A

A client just experienced an episode of reflux with regurgitation. What intervention by the nurse is the priority? a. Auscultate the lungs for adventitious sounds. b. Assess vital signs and pulse oximetry. c. Administer ordered omeprazole 40 mg PO stat. d. Teach the client to sit up after eating.

A

A client who has had a colostomy placed in the ascending colon expresses concern that the effluent collected in the colostomy pouch has remained liquid for 2 weeks after surgery. Which is the nurse's best response? a. "This is expected for your type of colostomy." b. "I will let the health care provider know, so that it can be assessed." c. "You should add extra fiber to your diet to stop the diarrhea." d. "Your stool will become firmer over the next few weeks."

A

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN, but the next bag of solution is not available for administration at this time. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?​ ​ a. Administer 10% dextrose in water IV until the next bag is available.​ b. Slow the infusion rate of the current bag until the solution is available.​ c. Monitor for hyperglycemia​ d. Monitor for hyperosmolar diuresis.

A

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN, but the next bag of solution is not available for administration at this time. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?​ ​ a. Administer 10% dextrose in water IV until the next bag is available.​ b. Slow the infusion rate of the current bag until the solution is available.​ c. Monitor for rebound hyperglycemia​ d. Monitor for hyperosmolar diuresis.

A

A patient with iron deficiency anemia would benefit the most from which diet? ​ ​ A. Legumes, organ meat, and dark green leafy vegetables​ B. Nuts and seeds, fruits, and soy products​ C. Vegetables, fish, and pasta​ D. Grains, berries, and organic vegetables

A

Diverticulitis commonly produces which clinical manifestation(s)? a. Lower left quadrant cramping and low-grade fever b. Vomiting coupled with chills and high fever c. Fever and backache from referred pain d. Severe, sharp abdominal pain

A

Foods have physiologic effects on the body outside of their nutritional value. Of the following, what food may help prevent constipation?​ ​ A. Shredded wheat​ B. Puffed rice​ C. Orange juice​ D. Lettuce

A

Most commonly, obstructions occur in the: a. Small intestine b. Sigmoid colon c. Ascending colon d. Descending colon

A

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child with celiac disease. The nurse expects to find which of the following manifestations of the disease while assessing the child and obtaining the health history from the patient's mother? A. anorexia, abdominal distention, steatorrhea B. vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, jaundice C. constipation, abdominal cramping, flatulence D. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

A

The nurse is caring for a client who just completed an upper GI radiographic series with oral barium contrast. Which instructions does the nurse provide to the client? a. "Drink plenty of fluids over the next few days." b. "Do not eat or drink anything until gag reflex is back." c. "You may not drive or operate heavy machinery today." d. "Do not take metformin until 48 hours after the test."

A

The nurse is caring for a client with suspected upper GI bleeding. The nurse inserts a nasogastric (NG) tube for gastric lavage and checks placement of the tube in the stomach. When fluid is aspirated from the tube, the pH is found to be 6. Which is the best action of the nurse? a. Obtain an order for a stat chest x-ray. b. Auscultate over the lung fields bilaterally. c. Assess whether the tube is coiled in the client's throat. d. Auscultate over the epigastric area while instilling airA

A

The nurse is caring for a client with ulcerative colitis and diarrhea. Which nursing assessment takes priority? a. Perianal skin integrity b. Increased bowel sounds c. Presence of mucus and blood d. Abdominal tenderness

A

The nurse is in the room of a client who is sleeping in bed. The client experiences an episode of reflux with regurgitation and vomit. Which action does the nurse take first? a. Have the client roll to the right side. b. Raise the head of the client's bed. c. Auscultate the client's lung sounds. d. Determine oxygen saturation and administer oxygen as needed.

A

The nurse is monitoring a client for the early signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome. Which findings indicate this occurrence? a.Sweating and pallor b.Bradycardia and indigestion c.Double vision and chest pain d.Abdominal cramping and pain

A

The nurse knows that acute diarrhea in children can be caused by which of the following? A. celiac disease B. high sugar diet C. vitamin deficiency D. protein malnutrition

A

The nurse notes a bulge in a client's groin that is present when the client stands and disappears when the client lies down. Which conclusion does the nurse draw from these assessment findings? a. Reducible inguinal hernia b. Indirect umbilical hernia c. Strangulated ventral hernia d. Incarcerated femoral hernia

A

The nurse observes that a male client on a clear liquid diet has a cup of coffee on his breakfast tray. What action should the nurse implement?​ ​ a. Remind the client that no milk or creamer can be added to the coffee​ b. Remove the coffee from the tray​ c. Determine which member of the staff brought the coffee​ d. consult with the dietician to learn if the client is allowed to drink coffee

A

When assisting a dysphagic client to eat, the nurse should​ ​ a. have the client slightly flex the neck for swallowing. ​ b. place the client in Sims position for 15 minutes after meals. ​ c. position the client in the semi-Fowler position. ​ d. use the fingers to check the client's mouth for food.

A

You are admitting a client onto your unit with a diagnosis of marasmus, or protein-energy malnutrion (PEM). This diagnosis is most likely secondary to what?​ ​ A. A chronic disease​ B. A recent trauma​ C. The influence of affluence​ D. The quality of the protein in their diet

A

When working with older adults to promote good nutrition, what actions by the nurse are most appropriate? (Select all that apply.)​ ​ a. Allow uninterrupted time for eating. ​ b. Assess dentures for appropriate fit. ​ c. Ensure that the patient has glasses on when eating. ​ d. Provide salty foods that the patient can taste. ​ e. Serve high-calorie, high-protein snacks.

A,B,C

The emergency department nurse is assessing a client with a known inguinal hernia. Which assessment findings indicate that the hernia may have strangulated? Select all that apply. A. Fever B. Tachycardia C. Abdominal distention D. Mild abdominal pain E. Nausea and vomiting

A,B,C,E

The nurse is planning to teach a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about substances to avoid. Which items should the nurse include on this list? Select all that apply. a.Coffee b.Chocolate c.Peppermint d.Cottage cheese e.Fried chicken f.Scrambled eggs

A,B,C,E

A client has just had a hemorrhoidectomy. Which nursing interventions are appropriate for this client? Select all that apply. a.Administer stool softeners as prescribed. b.Instruct the client to limit fluid intake to avoid urinary retention. c.Encourage a high-fiber diet to promote bowel movements without straining. d.Apply cold packs to the anal-rectal area over the dressing until the packing is removed. e.Help the client to a Fowler's position to place pressure on the rectal area and decrease bleeding.

A,C,D

A 68-year-old male has been admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain, anemia and melena. He complains of feeling weak and dizzy. He needs to urinate and move his bowels. The nurse should intervene by: A. Helping him to the bed side commode B. Offering him the bedpan and the urinal C. Transferring him to BR in a wheelchair D. Asking a male UAP to transfer him to BR for privacy

B

A client with a bleeding peptic ulcer develops sudden, severe upper abdominal pain, becomes diaphoretic and draws his knees over his abdomen. Which finding should the nurse report immediately? A. Increased amylase levels. B. A rigid, board-like abdomen. C. Vomiting tar like feces. D. Bowel sounds increased in frequency and pitch

B

A client with peptic ulcer disease has a nasogastric tube. Suddenly he complains of severe abdominal pain and the nurse notes that his abdomen is rigid. What action should be implemented first? A.Administer the next scheduled dose of IV H2 blocker B.Assess the client's vital signs. C.Irrigate the nasogastric tube with normal saline D.Administer a prescribed PRN antacid

B

A morbidly obese client is admitted to a community hospital that does not typically care for bariatric-sized patients. The client has past medical history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. What intervention in planning care by the nurse is most appropriate?​ ​ a. Assessment of capillary blood sugar every4 hours. ​ b. Ensure adequate assistive device when moving the patient. ​ c. Dietary evaluation for diet low in unsaturated fats ​ d. Non pharmacological management of hypertension.

B

After teaching a client with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which menu selection indicates that the client correctly understands the dietary teaching? a. Ham sandwich on white bread, cup of applesauce, glass of diet cola b. Baked tilapia with brown rice, steamed broccoli, glass of orange juice c. Grilled cheese sandwich, small banana, cup of hot tea with lemon d. Broiled chicken, mashed potatoes, cup of coffee with low-fat milk

B

Assessment of the patient's gag response is a priority nursing intervention following which of the following procedures? A. colon biopsy B. small bowel biopsy C. barium enema D. colonoscopy

B

On assessment of a client with GERD, which statement requires nursing intervention? A. "I quit smoking several years ago." B. "Sometimes I wake up gasping for air in the middle of the night." C. "My family likes to eat small meals every 3 to 4 hours throughout the day." D. "When I buy meat, I ask for the leanest cut that is available.

B

Steatorrhea is associated with all of the following EXCEPT: ​ ​ A. pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. ​ B. pancreatic beta-cell insufficiency.​ C. loss of the proximal small intestine. ​ D. intestinal villous malfunction.

B

The community nurse is talking with a group of individuals about colorectal cancer (CRC) risk factors. Which community participant is at the highest risk for development of CRC? A. 43-year-old lacto-vegetarian B. 30-year-old with Crohn's disease C. 69-year-old with no family history of cancer D. 36-year-old with grand parent who died of CRC

B

The nurse is caring for a client with severe ulcerative colitis who has been prescribed adalimumab. Which client statement indicates that additional teaching about the medication is needed? a. "I will avoid crowds and people who are sick." b. "I will take this medication with food or milk." c. "Nausea and vomiting are common side effects." d. "I will wash my hands after I play with my dog."

B

The nurse is caring for a patient with an ileostomy. The nurse anticipates that a normal stoma should appear: A. pale pink. B. reddish pink. C. red with white edges. D. purple.

B

The nurse is caring for four clients. Which is at the highest risk for development of oral cancer? A. 32-year-old client with ankle fracture B. 41-year-old with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection C. 60-year-old who quit smoking 20 years ago D. 83-year-old who lives in a warm climate during the winter

B

The nurse working in the emergency department realizes that which of the following patients with acute abdominal pain is most likely to have acute appendicitis? A. an 8-month-old female B. a 14-year-old male C. an 85-year-old woman D. a 70-year-old male

B

What finding is a priority in a patient with peptic ulcer disease (PUD)? A.Tarry stools 3 times during the day B.Dizziness when sitting in bed C.Epigastric pain 2 hours after meals D.Loss of 10 pounds of weight since the last month

B

What information in a client's history indicates the highest risk factor for Hepatitis C?​ ​ A. Homosexuality. ​ B. Intravenous drug abuse. ​ C. Eating contaminated shellfish. ​ D. Recent travel to an underdeveloped country.

B

What is the upper limit (UL) set for adults for sodium adequate intake (AI)?​ ​ A) 1,700 mg​ B) 2,300 mg​ C) 2,500 mg​ D) 3,000 mg

B

Which of the following symptoms is associated with ulcerative colitis? a. Dumping syndrome b. Rectal bleeding c. Soft stools d. Fistulas

B

A client who recently had laparoscopic surgery to treat a ruptured appendix. The client currently has two Jackson Pratt drains placed in the abdomen. Which finding(s) would the nurse report immediately to the surgeon? Select all that apply. A. Serosanguinous drainage B. Fever C. Cloudy drainage D. Painful abdominal distention E. Pain level 3 on a scale of 1 to 10

B,C,D

A client has been on long-term therapy with esomeprazole. What is essential for the nurse to ask the client? a.Are you drinking plenty of water with the medication? b.Are you taking the medication after meals? c.Have you had a bone density test recently? d.Have you had your blood pressure taken regularly?

C

A client who has begun receiving TPN with lipids develops sudden shaking chills, shortness of breath, and chest pain. The priority action by the nurse is to immediately​ ​ a. call the physician. ​ b. obtain a 12-lead ECG. ​ c. stop the infusion. ​ d. take a set of vitals.

C

A client who has increased risk for colon cancer, had a negative fecal occult blood test. The client tells the nurse that because the test was negative for colon cancer, he wishes to cancel a colonoscopy scheduled for the next day. Which is the nurse's best response? a. "I will call and cancel the test for tomorrow." b. "You need two negative fecal occult blood tests." c. "This does not rule out the possibility of colon cancer." d. "You should wait at least a week to have the colonoscopy."

C

A patient is on a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet. What type of foods can the patient eat? ​ ​ A. Fish, milk, and poached eggs​ B. Chicken, cheese, and grilled eggplant​ C. Boiled eggs and chocolate milk​ D. Oysters, yogurt, and turkey

C

A stressed client, who smokes 13 cigarettes/day, consumes fast-food, and is a strong drinker of coffee, is consulting to the healthcare facility for heartburn, specially after ingesting spicy food. The triage nurse should recommend: A.Avoid spicy food and increase consume of dairy B.Consume Decaf instead of regular coffee C.Schedule an appointment for a physical D.Use over the count omeprazole every day until relief of symptoms

C

After a subtotal gastrectomy, post operatory care of the client's nasogastric tube and drainage system should include which of the following nursing interventions? a.Irrigate the tube with 30 ml of sterile water every hour, if needed. b.Reposition the tube if it is not draining well c.Monitor the client for nausea or vomits d. Turn the machine to high suction of the drainage is sluggish on low suction

C

It has been found that fats that are hydrogenated are what?​ A) Found in cold-water fish​ B) More likely to oxidize and become rancid than vegetable oils​ C) More saturated than the original oil from which they were derived​ D) Less saturated than the original oil from which they were derived

C

Management of the client with diverticulitis should include which of the following treatments? a. Fluid restriction b. Increased fiber in diet c. Administration of antibiotics d. Emergency surgery

C

Many people throughout the world are practicing vegetarians. Those who are pure vegans are at risk for nutritional deficiencies because they do not eat natural food sources of specific nutrients. One problem with a pure vegan diet is that it does not include any natural food sources of what?​ ​ A. Iron​ B. Zinc​ C. Vitamin B12​ D. Calcium

C

The nurse caring for a client with an colonic malignancy assesses for bleeding, which would most likely be manifested by a. melena. b. hematemesis. c. hematochezia. d. hypotension.

C

The nurse is assessing a child's weight and height during a clinic visit prior to starting school. The nurse plots the child's weight on the growth chart and notes that the child's weight is in the 95th percentile for the child's height. What action should the nurse take?​ ​ A. Recommend a daily intake of at least four glasses of whole milk. ​ B. Encourage giving two additional snacks each day to the child. ​ C. Question the type and quantity of foods eaten in a typical day. ​ D. Assess for signs of poor nutrition, such as a pale appearance.

C

The nurse is caring for a client immediately following a gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II procedure). Which postoperative prescription should the nurse question and verify? a.Leg exercises b.Early ambulation c.Irrigating the nasogastric tube d.Coughing and deep-breathing exercises

C

The nurse is planning to conduct nutritional assessments and diet teaching to clients at a family health clinic. Which individual has the greatest nutritional and energy demands?​ ​ A. A pregnant woman with twins. ​ B. A teenager beginning puberty. ​ C. A 3-month-old infant. ​ D. A school-aged child.

C

The nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a patient who will undergo surgery to create a temporary colostomy. The patient asks the nurse about the difference between colostomies and ileostomies. The best response by the nurse is: A. "A colostomy occurs in the GI tract, and an ileostomy occurs in the urinary tract." B. "A colostomy is temporary, and an ileostomy is always permanent." C. "A colostomy is in the large intestine, and an ileostomy is in the small intestine." D. "Dietary restrictions are required for the patient with an ileostomy but not a colostomy."

C

The nurse is reviewing the record of a client with a diagnosis of cirrhosis and notes that there is documentation of the presence of asterixis. How should the nurse assess for its presence?​ ​ a. Dorsiflex the client's foot.​ b. Measure the abdominal girth.​ c. Ask the client to extend the arms.​ d. Instruct the client to lean forward.

C

The nurse notices that a patient has had a black, tarry stool and recalls that a possible cause would be: a. gallbladder disease. b. overuse of laxatives. c. upper gastrointestinal bleeding. d. localized bleeding around the anus.

C

The nurse understands that only one of the following clients needs total parenteral nutrition. Which client has a formal indication of TPN?​ ​ A. Stroke and dysphagia; history of aspiration pneumonia​ B. Head trauma, bed sore, and comma​ C. Anorexia nervosa, BMI 16, chronic diarrhea​ D. Obstructive esophageal cancer, radiotherapy​

C

The nurse understands that which of the following is a viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children? A. giardia B. shigella C. rotavirus D. salmonella

C

The recommendation for fat intake in the American diet is what?​ ​ A) 10% of total calories​ B) 20% of total calories​ C) 30% of total calories​ D) 40% of total calories

C

There is one vitamin that is used in megadoses to lower serum cholesterol. Which vitamin is it?​ ​ A) Thiamine​ B) Riboflavin​ C) Niacin​ D) Folic acid

C

Three days after a colon resection, the nurse is assessing a client with a nasogastric tube (NGT) to intermittent suction. What assessment is the best to determine proper placement of the NGT? A. Auscultate epigastric sounds while insufflating air through NGT. B. Percuss abdomen for stomach distention. C. Check residual and test the pH. D. Review the X-ray report done when NGT was inserted

C

What process in the body impairs the digestion of fat?​ ​ A) Diabetes​ B Viral hepatitis ​ C) Inflammation of the pancreas​ D) Atherosclerosis

C

When caring for a child with probable appendicitis, the nurse must be alert to recognize which of the following signs of perforation? A. nausea and vomiting B. anorexia C. sudden relief from pain D. decreased abdominal distention

C

Which data is the most important in the history of a patient with hepatitis C?​ ​ A. Frequency and amount of alcohol consume​ B. Number of sexual partners and use of condoms ​ C. Time since the first time a blood transfusion was received ​ D. Presence of jaundice and dark urine ​

C

Which laboratory finding supports the presence of appendicitis? a. Neutrophil count 50% b. White blood cell count 100,000 mm3 c. White blood cell count 14,000 mm3 d. White blood cell count 5000 mm3

C

Which of the following statements about vitamins is true?​ ​ A) Most Americans do not consume adequate amounts of thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin.​ B) Most Americans do not consume adequate amounts of vitamin C.​ C) Taking large doses of vitamin A is potentially harmful.​ D) Because of the potential health benefits, beta-carotene supplements are routinely recommended.

C

You are the clinic nurse teaching newly diagnosed type II diabetics about diet and weight control. One of the subjects you will cover is how to figure out the caloric content of commonly eaten foods. An exercise you give your class is to figure out the calories in a tablespoon of jelly that contains 13 g of carbohydrates, no protein, and no fat. What is the correct number of calories in the jelly?​ ​ A. 26 cal.​ B. 39 cal.​ C. 52 cal.​ D. 65 cal.

C

A client 2 hours post-esophageal dilation develops increasing pain in the throat and chest. Which is the best action of the nurse? a. Administer ordered analgesic. b. Call the rapid response team. c. Assess for return of gag reflex. d. Assess the client for signs of perforation.

D

A client has undergone esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The nurse should place highest priority on which item as part of the client's care plan? a.Monitoring for general anesthesia recuperation b.Monitoring for rectal bleeding c.Giving warm gargles for a sore throat d.Assessing for the return of the gag reflex

D

A female client is admitted with an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Which laboratory value does the nurse correlate with this condition? a. Potassium, 3.5 mEq/L b. Hemoglobin, 10.2 g/dL c. Sodium, 134 mEq/L d. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), 65 mm/hr

D

A male client who had abdominal surgery has a nasogastric tube to suction, oxygen per nasal cannula, and complains of dry mouth. Which action should the nurse implement? A. Put petroleum jelly on the lips and around the nasogastric tube. B. Allow the client to drink water and record on the I and O record. C. Offer the client ice chips and instruct client to spit out the water. D.Apply a water soluble lubricant to the lips, oral mucosa and nares

D

Adequate nutrition is required for healing after treatment for recurrent aphtous ulcers (RAU). Which client response indicates that nursing teaching has been effective? A. "I've ordered a snack of milk and pretzels." B. "I'll try to drink orange juice twice per day." C. "I ordered my sandwich on a crusty roll." D. "I'd like scrambled eggs and a banana for breakfast."

D

In a paracentesis 3 liters of fluid are removed. Which assessment parameter is most critical for the nurse to monitor following the procedure? A. Pedal pulses. B. Breath sounds. C. Gag reflex. D. Blood pressure

D

In a paracentesis 3 liters of fluid are removed. Which assessment parameter is most critical for the nurse to monitor following the procedure?​ ​ A. Pedal pulses.​ B. Breath sounds.​ C. Gag reflex.​ D. Blood pressure.

D

The healthcare provider prescribes high-protein, high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet with limited fluids during meals for a client recovering from gastric surgery. The client asks the nurse what the purpose is for this type of diet. Which rationale should be included in the nurse's explanation to this client? A. It is quickly digested. B. It does not cause diarrhea. C. It does not dilate the stomach. D. It is slow to leave the stomach

D

The nurse administers a tube feeding to a patient with a baseline decreased mental status. Immediately after completing the tube feeding, it is MOST important for the nurse to place the client in which of the following positions? A. Supine with the lower extremities elevated. B. High Fowler's or semi-Fowler's position. C. Supine with the head of the bed elevated 45°. D. On the right side with the head of the bed elevated.

D

The nurse assesses a client with advanced cirrhosis of the liver for signs of hepatic encephalopathy. Which finding should the nurse consider an indication of progressive hepatic encephalopathy?​ ​ a. An increase in abdominal girth. ​ b. Increased jaundice. ​ c. Painful liver enlargement. ​ d. Difficulty in handwriting.

D

The nurse intends to participate in a health screening clinic and is preparing teaching materials about colorectal cancer. The nurse should plan to include which of the following in a list of risk factors for colorectal cancer? A. age older than 30 years B. high fiber, low fat diet C. distant relative with colorectal cancer D. personal history of GI polyps

D

The nurse is teaching a client with advanced COPD who was prescribed theophylline. Which client statement indicates that additional teaching is required? a.I need to avoid caffeinated products b.I need to get my blood drug levels checked periodically c.I need to report anorexia and sleeplessness d.I take cimetidine for my heartburn

D

The nurse preparing a postoperative teaching plan for a client who had a gastric stapling would include that​ ​ a. dumping syndrome is a common side effect. ​ b. fluids must be taken in liberal amounts. ​ c. exercise is prohibited after meals. ​ d. small, frequent feedings must become a habit.

D

Which area of the alimentary canal is the most common location for Crohn's disease? a. Ascending colon b. Descending colon c. Sigmoid colon d. Terminal ileum

D

Which of the following tests should be administered to a client suspected of having diverticulitis? a. Colonoscopy b. Barium enema c. Barium swallow d. CT scan of abdomen

D

Complications of obesity include all of the following EXCEPT:​ ​ A. arthritis ​ B. coronary artery disease ​ C. gall stones ​ D. obstructive sleep apnea ​ E. type I (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus

E