GML Chapter 18

Which of the following was not a significant part of Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive agenda? a. curbing the power of the railroads b. protecting consumers c. expanding the rights of all Americans regardless of race d. conserving natural resources

c. expanding the rights of all Americans regardless of race

The Progressive-era economic system based on mass production and mass consumption came to be called a. Progressive-era plenty. b. Fordism. c. the Affluent Society. d. the American Way.

b. Fordism.

During the Progressive era, economic production shifted from ____ to ____. a. men, women b. whites, blacks c. capital goods, consumer products d. use of natural resources, synthetic products

c. capital goods, consumer products

Between 1900 and 1904 membership in the American Federation of Labor a. declined significantly. b. declined in half. c. exploded to triple their earlier membership numbers. d. doubled.

c. exploded to triple their earlier membership numbers.

What was the name of the organization that sponsored the 1914 debate at New York City's Cooper Union on the question "What is feminism?", and whose definition of feminism emphasized women's emancipation "both as a human being and a sex-being"? a. the Feminist Alliance b. the Lyrical Left c. the Women's Christian Temperance Organization d. Heterodoxy

. d. Heterodoxy

Between 1901 and 1914, a. 13 million immigrants came to the United States. b. there was a net outflow of population from the United States to other countries. c. 17 million Asian immigrants arrived on America's shores. d. 3 million immigrants came to the United States.

a. 13 million immigrants came to the United States.

In Progressive-Era America, what particular locale became known as a center of sexual experimentation, attracting women interested in free sexual expression and, with its aura of tolerance, attracted many homosexuals? a. Greenwich Village in New York City b. Hoboken, New Jersey c. The Bronx, New York d. Westerville, Ohio

a. Greenwich Village in New York City

Which of the following is not attributed to Louis D. Brandeis? a. He successfully argued in Muller v. Oregon that women were men's equal, thus their maximum working hours should be the same as those of men. b. He was an active ally of the labor movement. c. He felt the foremost problem was the contradiction of political liberty and industrial slavery. d. He felt the right to assistance derived from citizenship itself.

a. He successfully argued in Muller v. Oregon that women were men's equal, thus their maximum working hours should be the same as those of men.

What was the name of the organization that advocated a workers' revolution to seize control of the means of production and abolish the state, and which organized women, blacks, as Asian-Americans, as well as white men? a. Industrial Workers of the World b. the National Civic Federation c. the American Chambers of Commerce d. the Federated Employers International

a. Industrial Workers of the World

Who was the woman best known during the second decade of the twentieth century for promoting birth control? a. Margaret Sanger b. Florence Kelley c. Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch d. Frances Perkins

a. Margaret Sanger

Who was the early-twentieth-century governor of Wisconsin who believed that the state was a "laboratory for democracy," developed what came to be known as the Wisconsin Idea, taxed corporate wealth, and initiated state regulation of public utilities? a. Robert M. LaFollette b. Hazen Pingree c. Randolph Bourne d. Samuel Jones

a. Robert M. LaFollette

Ida Tarbell tirelessly worked to expose a. Standard Oil Company. b. men in factories. c. Margaret Sanger. d. Progressive thinkers.

a. Standard Oil Company.

Why were the doors locked during the Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire? a. The owners didn't want women to have too many bathroom breaks. b. Part of the building was under construction. c. Looting by immigrants made it unsafe to leave them unlocked. d. Current laws stated they needed to be locked.

a. The owners didn't want women to have too many bathroom breaks.

Which of the following was not a significant motivation behind Progressivism? a. a desire to free American culture from its obsession with morality and values b. a desire to bring greater efficiency to government and the economy c. a desire to make society more fair and just d. a desire to lessen conflict among different groups of Americans

a. a desire to free American culture from its obsession with morality and values

The term "Progressive" that came into common use around 1910 describes a. a loosely defined political movement of individuals and groups who hoped to bring about social and political change in American life. b. a type of life insurance, and auto insurance then available. c. a self-help movement in which one was to take pro-active measures in seeking to overcome one's aggressive tendencies. d. a movement that sought to recapture America's lost glory through an active policy of global imperialism.

a. a loosely defined political movement of individuals and groups who hoped to bring about social and political change in American life.

The series of mass strikes called the "Uprising of the 20,000" in New York included a. immigrant workers who wanted the right to bargain collectively. b. mostly African American women. c. a force of traditional Americans who did not want their jobs taken over. d. workers' displeasure of being replaced by machines.

a. immigrant workers who wanted the right to bargain collectively.

Progressive-era writers and photographers seeking to expose the underside of urban-industrial society were known as a. Muckrakers. b. Bushwhackers. c. Ditch-diggers. d. Stand-patters.

a. muckrakers.

A leader in the new feminism, Margaret Sanger a. opened a clinic and began distributing contraceptive devices to poor women. b. danced expressively, liberating the body c. graduated NYU Law School d. established the newsletter

a. opened a clinic and began distributing contraceptive devices to poor women.

Those who embraced the new "bohemia" included a. people who rejected conventional rules and practices. b. Indians who wanted equal opportunities. c. new immigrants who wanted to assimilate. d. women who chose not to work outside the home.

a. people who rejected conventional rules and practices.

The program that sought to streamline production and boost profits by systematically controlling costs and work practices was called a. scientific management. b. the assembly line. c. Fordism. d. the school of freedom.

a. scientific management.

Which of the following was not a key element of the Progressive ideology? a. Human beings and their society can be improved, perhaps even perfected, through collective effort. b. Government has proven so corrupt and ineffective that it can never be a vehicle for improving society; Progressives must rely on their own voluntary initiatives. c. For all of its achievements, unregulated capitalism has generated dehumanizing conditions for millions of Americans. d. Government runs best when left to the professionals.

b. Government has proven so corrupt and ineffective that it can never be a vehicle for improving society; Progressives must rely on their own voluntary initiatives.

Which of the following is not attributed to William "Big Bill" Haywood? a. He was accused of instigating murder. b. He ran an unsuccessful attempt for the position of President of the United States. c. He was dubbed "the most dangerous man in America" d. He was a prominent leader of the Industrial Workers of the World.

b. He ran an unsuccessful attempt for the position of President of the United States.

The view that the foremost social problem in America lay in the contradiction between "political liberty" and "industrial slavery" was held by: a. Woodrow Wilson. b. Louis D. Brandeis. c. Henry Ford. d. John A. Ryan.

b. Louis D. Brandeis.

When faced with the possible elimination of their unions and a reduction in their wages, 10,000 black and white dockworkers held a strike in 1907 in a. Charlotte. b. New Orleans. c. New York City. d. Charleston.

b. New Orleans.

Who was the Progressive-era mayor of Toledo who founded night schools, built new parks, established free kindergartens, and supported the right of workers to unionize? a. Hazen Pingree b. Samuel "Golden Rule" Jones c. Mary "raise less corn and more hell" Lease d. "Big" Bill Haywood

b. Samuel "Golden Rule" Jones

The 1914 Ludlow Massacre was a. a precursor to the Sioux Indian attack against General George Armstrong Custer. b. an attack by militia against a tent city of striking workers in Colorado. c. a premeditated attack against Native Americans in South Dakota by the federal militia. d. a massacre of frontier settlers by Sioux, Cheyenne, Algonquin, and Narragansett Indians.

b. an attack by militia against a tent city of striking workers in Colorado.

Progressive-era feminists were a. fewer in number than during the Gilded Age. b. engaged in a wide range of social causes. c. more interested in Freudian psychology than in the right to vote. d. all of the above

b. engaged in a wide range of social causes.

From 1910 to 1916, the price of a Model T automobile approximately a. doubled. b. halved. c. tripled. d. stayed the same.

b. halved.

A principal organization in the early twentieth century that battled for civil liberties and the right of individual freedom of speech was: a. the American Chambers of Commerce. b. the Industrial Workers of the World. c. the National Civic Federation. d. the Ladies' Christian Temperance Union.

b. the Industrial Workers of the World.

Which of the following was not a theme of Upton Sinclair's The Jungle? a. the hardship and uncertainty of immigrant life b. the disruptive effects of unions on industrial efficiency c. the harsh labor conditions at meatpacking plants d. the unsanitary preparation of meats at the packing houses

b. the disruptive effects of unions on industrial efficiency

A major limitation to the new consumer freedom included a. the decline of mail order goods. b. the unequal distribution of income throughout the country. c. the South's new property. d. a lack of goods by new industrial factories.

b. the unequal distribution of income throughout the country.

This term asserted governmental action to address urban problems and the insecurities of working-class life. a. "social democracy" b. "social liberty" c. "social legislation" d. "social republicanism"

c. "social legislation"

The first women to become mayors of major cities, governors, and members of Congress hailed from the West and included all of the following except a. Argonia, Kansas. b. Austin, Texas. c. Edith Wharton, Illinois. d. Atlanta, Georgia.

c. Edith Wharton, Illinois.

The point at which most European immigrants passed into the United States was a. New Orleans, Louisiana. b. Angel Island. c. Ellis Island, New York. d. El Paso, Texas.

c. Ellis Island, New York.

Who was the leading Socialist Party figure who ran for the presidency of the United States on several occasions? a. Ben Handford b. Hiram Revels c. Eugene V. Debs d. Bill Haywood

c. Eugene V. Debs

The 1912, the mill workers strike that had the greatest impact on public consciousness in Progressive-Era America took place in: a. Chicago, Illinois. b. New York City. c. Lawrence, Massachusetts. d. New Orleans, Louisiana.

c. Lawrence, Massachusetts.

In 1907, at a time when segregation had become much the norm throughout the South, in which city did a strike of 10,000 black and white dockworkers take place, as a remarkable expression of interracial solidarity? a. Charleston, South Carolina b. Wilmington, North Carolina c. New Orleans, Louisiana d. Newport News, Virginia

c. New Orleans, Louisiana

During the Progressive era, the largest city in the United States was a. Chicago b. Cleveland c. New York d. Philadelphia

c. New York

In her influential book, Woman and Economics, Charlotte Perkins Gilman reinforced this idea. a. Women should work outside the home until they are married. b. The noblest occupation was that of a wife and mother. c. Woman's freedom lay through the workplace. d. Women were better suited to work in the home.

c. Woman's freedom lay through the workplace.

The 1909 "uprising of the 20,000" was: a. an organized effort on the part of manufacturers to secure property rights in the face of Populist opposition. b. an interracial rebellion of sharecroppers in Alabama, Louisiana, and Arkansas. c. a walkout of garment workers, which led to a victory for the International Ladies' Garment Workers Union. d. a mass meeting of farmworkers in Wichita, Kansas, at which they sought to advance the subtreasury plan.

c. a walkout of garment workers, which led to a victory for the International Ladies' Garment Workers Union.

The Progressive era was a time of a. desultory economic performance in the economy, and decreasing wages. b. economic recession. c. explosive economic growth, rapid population rise, and increased industrial production, and "Golden Age" for American agriculture. d. economic downturn for agriculture in America, and uneven growth in the industrial economy.

c. explosive economic growth, rapid population rise, and increased industrial production, and "Golden Age" for American agriculture.

The Keating-Owen Act a. reduced duties on imports. b. established an eight hour work day. c. outlawed child labor in the manufacture of goods sold in interstate commerce. d. imposed a graduated income tax.

c. outlawed child labor in the manufacture of goods sold in interstate commerce.

In Charlotte Perkins Gilman's view, as she wrote in her influential book Women and Economics (1898): a. American women were freer, wealthier, and healthier than ever before in human history, and should celebrate these newfound achievements. b. the new industrial economy afforded women more opportunities and freedoms than ever before, even if economic growth was uneven across the country. c. prevailing gender norms condemned women to a life of domestic drudgery; women were oppressed, and a housewife was an unproductive parasite. d. Socialism, not capitalism, was the way forward.

c. prevailing gender norms condemned women to a life of domestic drudgery; women were oppressed, and a housewife was an unproductive parasite.

Which was not a group associated with the Progressive movement? a. forward-looking businessmen b. labor activists, who desired to empower industrial workers c. sharecroppers in the Northwest d. social scientists who believed that their research would help to solve social problems

c. sharecroppers in the Northwest

The amendment to the United States Constitution that provides that United States senators will be chosen by popular vote rather than by state legislatures is a. The Fifteenth Amendment b. The Sixteenth Amendment c. The Seventeenth Amendment d. The Eighteenth Amendment

c. the Seventeenth Amendment.

Of all the mass consumption activities, this was the most popular form of mass entertainment. a. musicals and plays b. television c. vaudeville d. drinking

c. vaudeville

President Theodore Roosevelt's reform program was called the a. "Progressive Reform Program." b. "New Deal." c. "Roosevelt Plan." d. "Square Deal."

d. "Square Deal."

Which of the following is not attributed to Eugene V. Debs? a. He was a political activist. b. He was the socialist party candidate against Wilson. c. He was a labor organizer and socialist leader. d. He disliked the idea of the socialist gospel as it promoted equality, self-government, and freedom.

d. He disliked the idea of the socialist gospel as it promoted equality, self-government, and freedom.

Which of the following was not true of the 1912 election? a. Of the four candidates (Wilson, Taft, Roosevelt, and Debs), only Taft leaned at all toward the laissez-faire philosophy so familiar in the late nineteenth century. b.Of the four candidates, only Debs challenged the legitimacy of capitalism. c. Wilson's victory ushered in a new wave of Progressive reform, affecting such areas as the tariff, the banking system, and the livelihoods of farmers and workers. d. Once elected, Wilson surprised many by shifting toward a conservative, anti-Progressive position.

d. Once elected, Wilson surprised many by shifting toward a conservative, anti-Progressive position.

The conservationist movement is most closely related to which president? a. Woodrow Wilson b. William Jennings Bryan c. William Howard Taft d. Theodore Roosevelt

d. Theodore Roosevelt

All of the following were muckrakers except a. Lincoln Steffens. b. Ida Tarbell. c. Upton Sinclair. d. Theodore Roosevelt.

d. Theodore Roosevelt.

The founder of the Oregon System of direct legislature was a. Robert M. La Follette. b. Hazen Pingree. c. Henry George. d. William U'Ren.

d. William U'Ren.

The organization of middle-class and upper-class women and impoverished immigrants founded in 1903 to bring women workers into unions was called the: a. Women's Christian Temperance Union. b. International Ladies' Garment Workers Union. c. National Consumers' League. d. Women's Trade Union League.

d. Women's Trade Union League.

Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence? a. Pure Food and Drug Act; publication of The Jungle; assassination of President McKinley; election of Woodrow Wilson b. Northern Securities case; Pinchot-Ballinger controversy; reelection of Roosevelt; Hepburn Act c. creation of Federal Reserve System; election of William Howard Taft; Triangle Shirtwaist Fire; Lawrence textile strike d. assassination of President McKinley; Meat Inspection Act; unveiling of Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom" program; Federal Reserve Act

d. assassination of President McKinley; Meat Inspection Act; unveiling of Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom" program; Federal Reserve Act

Which was not a goal of the Socialist Party in the United States at its 1901 founding? a. free college education b. legislation to improve the conditions of laborers c. democratic control over the economy through public ownership of factories d. support for the Soviet Union and nonaligned nations around the world

d. support for the Soviet Union and nonaligned nations around the world

Henry Ford's factory adopted a method of production known as a. the Ford method. b. the new factory way of production. c. the collective process. d. the moving assembly line.

d. the moving assembly line.

Which of the following was not one of the principal "varieties of Progressivism"? a. the proposal to return to a competitive marketplace of small producers b. acceptance of large corporations, with the view that the government ought to regulate them c. the proposal to relocate freedom from the economic and political worlds to the private realm of personal fulfillment d. the proposal to embrace Social Darwinism, and laissez-faire economics

d. the proposal to embrace Social Darwinism, and laissez-faire economics

Pope Leo XIII's 1894 Rerum Novarum and the Catholic priest Father John A. Ryan's A Living Wage (1906) called for all of the following except a. a decent standard of living for working people. b. an endorsement of the rights of working people to organize unions. c. repudiating competitive individualism in favor of a more cooperative vision of the good society. d. the view that the Catholic Church should in no way become involved in discussions of wages, working conditions, and the ethical basis of the free market economy.

d. the view that the Catholic Church should in no way become involved in discussions of wages, working conditions, and the ethical basis of the free market economy.

Causes of the "new immigration" included all of the following except a. there was a huge influx of immigrants. b. Immigrants mainly were Catholic and Jewish. c. The immigrants that came were from southern and Eastern Europe, areas that before had sent very few immigrants. d. tightened immigration laws in the United States.

d. tightened immigration laws in the United States.