government

Which of the following scenarios would a conservative likely support?

A new military base opens in a rural community, providing jobs to local residents.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution?

AOC Government able to borrow money USC Congress can declare war

Which of the following best describes the message portrayed in the political cartoon below? https://aims-nm.moodle.renweb.com/pluginfile.php/8530/question/questiontext/106382/26/53125/ppg__Unit%20I%20APUSGOPO%20190924190924__f1q8g1.jpg

Although the rule of law clearly requires lawmaking authority to be exercised, an overabundance of laws may render justice ineffective.

Which of the following is one example of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

Amending the Articles required a unanimous vote of the states, which was nearly impossible

Which of the following statements about the House of Representatives is true?

Articles of impeachment must pass in the House before trial and removal in the Senate.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of Brutus 1 and Federalist No. 10?

B1 Supported inclusion in the Constitution of a Bill of Rights Fed 10 Feared majority would threaten minority rights

In 1974, Congress created a program that grants money to state and local governments to help revitalize low-income communities. State and local governments can decide how best to use their money and used it to rebuild streets, fund libraries, and fix drinking water systems. Which of the following types of federal aid is best represented by the example above?

Block grant

Which of the following is a consequence of the allocation of power between the national government and state governments?

Citizens, politicians, voters, and institutions have multiple access points to influence public policy

The commerce clause of the Constitution grants Congress the power to regulate interstate commerce.

Congress passes legislation setting a federal minimum wage to $15

New Mexico Governor Michelle Lujan Grisham recently proposed a plan to provide state residents with free tuition to public colleges, a plan that, if passed by the state legislature, would add New Mexico to the growing list of Democratic-led states to offer free higher education. Which of the following describes a difficulty that the state government may face in the policy implementation process?

Due to the "privileges and immunities" clause of Article IV, citizens of other states seeking affordable higher education might move to New Mexico in order to take advantage of the benefits.

"All communities divide themselves into the few and the many. The first are the rich and the wellborn, the other the mass of the people. . . . The people are turbulent and changing; they seldom judge or determine right. Give therefore to the first class a distinct, permanent share in the government. They will check the unsteadiness of the second, and as they cannot receive any advantage by a change, they therefore will ever maintain good government." -Alexander Hamilton, "Speech in the Constitutional Convention on a Plan of Government," 1787 Which model of democracy is best exemplified by the author in the excerpt?

Elite democracy

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the Federalist and Anti-Federalist position on the necessity of the Bill of Rights?

F Not needed, since the national government is limited to enumerated powers AF Needed as protection against the national government, which erodes state sovereignty

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the powers of the Senate and the House of Representatives?

HOR Initiated revenue bills S Tries impeached officials

Which two were weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? I. The federal government could not levy taxes. II. The executive branch was more powerful than Congress. III. The federal government could not raise an army. IV. Each state had two votes in a bicameral Congress.

I and III

Which of the following would best represent a person who believes in "rule of law" compared to a person who believes in "equality of opportunity?"

Incarceration for drug offenses, rather than rehabilitation

"9/11 significantly increased political participation of the affected populations . . . Families and neighbors became more involved in politicized activities, including the selection of party nominees and in providing financial support to favored candidates . . . Finally, although families, and to a lesser extent neighbors, became more involved in their own parties' activities, there was an average shift in allegiance to the Republican Party." Eitan D. Hersh, "Long-term effect of September 11 on the political behavior of victims' families and neighbors," 2013. Based on the passage above, which of the following statements would the author most likely agree with?

Major political events play a significant role in shaping individuals' political attitudes

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the court cases McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) and United States v. Lopez (1995)

MvM Established the limits to the Supreme Court's jurisdiction USvL Recognized the importance of state sovereignty and local control

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of Executive powers and Legislative powers of the Senate?

PP Vetoes legislation SP Approves treaties

No Labels is an organization that supports "a bloc of elected officials who combine ideological independence and common sense with a willingness to reach across the aisle to get things done." Which of the following models of democracy does this philosophy represent?

Pluralism

After Congress proposes a bill to allow businesses to purchase land that was once a national park, several people reach out to an environmental interest group for support. With the help of the interest group they reach out to several senators to get their support to block the bill. Which of the following models of democracy is best represented in the scenario?

Pluralist democracy

Before 2012, no state in the U.S. allowed for the recreational use of marijuana, and only a handful of states allowed patients to have access to marijuana for medical use. However, by 2019 ten states have fully legalized recreational use of marijuana and more than half of all the states now allow medicinal use of marijuana. This is an example of which of the following aspects of federalism in the United States?

State and local governments can become proving grounds for new ideas, serving as "laboratories" for policy initiatives.

Which of the following statements best characterizes cooperative federalism?

State, local and federal governments working together to address the same issue(s).

Which of the following statements best reflects the data presented in the graph?https://aims-nm.moodle.renweb.com/pluginfile.php/8530/question/questiontext/106382/43/53131/ppg__Unit%20I%20APUSGOPO%20190924190924__f1q14g1.jpg

States have come to rely on the federal government for funding many of the state's functions and governmental operations.

Which of the following constitutional provisions represents the Framers' distrust of the masses in making decisions about government and policy?

The Electoral College

Defense of Marriage Act (1996) An Act to define and protect the institution of marriage. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the "Defense of Marriage Act." ``No State, territory, or possession of the United States, or Indian tribe, shall be required to give effect to any public act, record, or judicial proceeding of any other State, territory, possession, or tribe respecting a relationship between persons of the same sex that is treated as a marriage under the laws of such other State, territory, possession, or tribe, or a right or claim arising from such relationship.''. ``Sec. 7. Definition of `marriage' and `spouse' ``In determining the meaning of any Act of Congress, or of any ruling, regulation, or interpretation of the various administrative bureaus and agencies of the United States, the word `marriage' means only a legal union between one man and one woman as husband and wife, and the word `spouse' refers only to a person of the opposite sex who is a husband or a wife.''. Which of the following constitutional provisions is the basis for the Supreme Court ruling this law unconstitutional (Obergefell v. Hodges (2015))?

The Full Faith and Credit clause of Article IV Section 1

"Given the increasing difference in size between the largest and smallest states, combined with other changes in the American political context,] any effects of Senate apportionment are greater today than in the past. By reference to the one person, one vote standard, the Senate is the most malapportioned legislature in the world . . . Currently Wyoming, with fewer than half a million residents, enjoys the same level of representation as California, with more than 30 million." -Frances E. Lee and Bruce I. Oppenheimer, Sizing Up the Senate: The Unequal Consequences of Equal Representation, 1999 Which of the following statements best summarizes the author's argument?

The Great Compromise failed to anticipate growing population differences in small and large states, leaving matters unresolved

Which of the following events best reflects Montesquieu's ideas in action? (Document A)

The House of Representatives impeaching President Clinton in 1998.

"The [Tenth] Amendment states but a truism that all is retained which has not been surrendered. There is nothing in the history of its adoption to suggest that it was more than declaratory of the relationship between the national and state governments as it had been established by the Constitution before the amendment or that its purpose other than to allay fears that the new national government might seek to exercise powers not granted, and that the states might not be able to exercise fully their reserved powers." - United States v. Darby Lumber Co (1941) Which of the following constitutional provisions most often conflicts with the Tenth Amendment?

The Necessary and Proper Clause

Which of the following best describes the message portrayed in the political cartoon below? https://aims-nm.moodle.renweb.com/pluginfile.php/8530/question/questiontext/106382/27/53126/ppg__Unit%20I%20APUSGOPO%20190924190924__f1q9g1.jpg

The President is abusing his powers to check other branches of government and overstepping his authority.

"The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States . . . The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative . . . "SECTION 3 "The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote." Sections 2 and 3 of the United States Constitution Which of the following constitutional debates is reflected and resolved in the passage above?

The debate between the Virginia and New Jersey Plans in the legislative branch

Brian had followed his parents' political ideology through much of his early life, but he went off too college and became more libertarian than his parents. Which of the following statements is most accurate in explaining the example above?

The process of political socialization was impacting Brian's political ideology, as his experiences were changing his beliefs.

"The rise of the categorical grant increased the complexity of the system, causing President Richard Nixon and President Gerald Ford to consolidate more into block grants that offered local government more flexibility in how they deployed the cash." Which of the following statements best represents the change occurring in respect to federalism based on the passage above?

The federal government is giving discretion back to the states through devolution.

Which of the following was a belief of the Federalists during the Constitutional Convention of 1787?

The federal government should be stronger than state governments.

Which of the following statements best describes a concern of the framers in electing the president by a direct popular vote?

The framers feared that it would lead to uninformed voters making a decision without proper consideration.

One of the core beliefs about the United States government is that citizens should have equality of opportunity. Which of the following statements reflects that belief?

The government should guarantee access to health care.

Which of the following is NOT true of the Articles of Confederation?

They gave the president too much power.

Grants that are given to states or communities, which have (more) specific guidelines on how to spend the money, are called

categorical grants.

The allocation of tax powers to the House of Representatives reflects the intent of the framers to

ensure that taxation power is most closely subjected to the will of the people voting for elected officials.

In Federalist No. 51, James Madison argues that "Ambition must be made to counteract ambition." In that statement, Madison is arguing

for a system of checks and balances in government to take into account the failings of human nature.

A self-identified libertarian would describe free enterprise as promoting which of the following core values?

individual freedom

Whereas liberals tend to favor ________, conservatives tend to favor ________.

less military spending; more military spending

Congress' power to determine national policy

typically increases in times of war and national crisis.

An informal group advocating for a $15 minimum wage collects 590,000 signatures from registered voters in their state. In the next election, this initiative appears on the ballot for voters to decide whether it becomes a state constitutional amendment. This is an example of which of the following models of democracy?

participatory

An informal group advocating for stricter rules regarding access to abortions collects 623,000 signatures from registered voters in their state. In the next election, this initiative appears on the ballot for voters to decide whether it becomes a state constitutional amendment.

participatory

The political socialization of someone who has not yet entered high school will likely be least influenced by

peers

John Locke's philosophy and the Declaration of Independence are similar in that both

support the concept of natural rights and the idea that the government is built on the consent of the governed.

Lockean thought and the Declaration of Independence are similar in that both

support the concept of natural rights and the idea that the government is built on the consent of the governed.

The president of the United States has the constitutional power to negotiate treaties with other nations. Which of the following actions must be taken for a treaty to be legally binding on the United States government and its citizens?

The Senate votes to accept it by a simple majority, and the Supreme Court decides on its constitutionality.

In 1993, Congress passed the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, which required background checks for gun purchases from licensed gun dealers. The bill required local chief law enforcement officers to perform the background checks. In Printz v. United States (1997), the Supreme Court declared that portion of the act to be unconstitutional, citing, "The Federal Government may not compel the states to enact or administer a federal regulatory program." Which of the following constitutional provisions directly supports the Court's conclusion in the case?

The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of conservative and liberal political ideologies regarding environmental policy?

C the federal government should allow clean coal production L the federal government should pass laws regulating carbon emissions

Which of the following statements outlines a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

Individual states had to negotiate with one another concerning interstate commerce.

"Schools won't have to cut the salt in meals just yet and they can serve kids fewer whole grains, under changes to federal nutrition standards announced Monday. The move by the Trump administration rolls back rules championed by former first lady Michelle Obama as part of her healthy eating initiative." - U.S. News and World Report, May 2, 2017 Which of the following concepts best describes the trend explained in the passage?

Devolution of power

How did James Madison expand Montesquieu's ideas when he wrote Federalist No. 51? (Document A)

Madison argued that three branches of government would best serve the United States.

"He has the power of receiving ambassadors from, and a great influence on their appointments to foreign courts; as also to make treaties, leagues, and alliances with foreign states, assisted by the Senate, which when made becomes the supreme law of land. He is a constituent part of the legislative power, for every bill which shall pass the House of Representatives and Senate is to be presented to him for approbation. If he approves of it he is to sign it, if he disapproves he is to return it with objections, which in many cases will amount to a complete negative; and in this view he will have a great share in the power of making peace, coining money, etc., and all the various objects of legislation, expressed or implied in this Constitution." - Antifederalist Paper 67 Which of the following statements best summarizes the argument made in Antifederalist Paper 67?

The executive branch as outlined in Article II of the proposed U.S. Constitution is given too much power.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the passage? (Document A)

The separation of powers of government institutions helps to ensure the protection of liberty.

Which of the following procedures results in the addition of an amendment to the Constitution?

Two-thirds of state legislatures propose a Constitution Amendment Bill, which is ratified by three-fourths of the states

"When the Articles of Confederation were drafted, Americans had little experience of what a national government could do for them and bitter experience of what an arbitrary government could do to them. In creating a central government they were therefore more concerned with keeping it under control than with giving it the means to do its job." -Edmund S. Morgan, The Birth of the Republic, 1763-89, 1956 Which of the following concepts is most consistent with the author's argument?

limited government

The theory that argues that group competition results in a rough approximation of the public interest in public policy is

pluralist theory.

The process through which an individual acquires his or her particular political orientations, including his or her knowledge, feelings, and evaluations regarding his or her political world, is known as

political socialization.

The sole purpose of government, according to John Locke, was to

protect natural rights.

Which of the following policies is most likely to cause tension between the competing values of "rule of law" and "individualism?"

restrictions on free speech in certain circumstances