Government Ch. 19 Quizzes

True

A shield law protects reporters from being forced to reveal their sources.

False

Any comments criticizing the government are considered seditious speech.

Prior restraint

judicial suppression of material that would be published or broadcast, on the grounds that it is libelous or harmful. In US law, the First Amendment severely limits the ability of the government to do this.

False

Wearing arm bands and burning flags are examples of prior restraint.

True

The Establishment Clause prohibits Congress from mandating a state religion.

Determine the constitutionality of State aid to parochial schools.

The purpose of the Lemon Test is to

ANSWER: D a) False advertisement. b) Advertisement of services that are illegal. c) Advertisement of products that are harmful to the public. d) All of the above.

Which of the following types of commercial speech may States prohibit?

Slander

the action or crime of making a false spoken statement damaging to a person's reputation.

Shield law

A law that protects witnesses from revealing certain information, especially in court. -a law that protects journalists from having to reveal confidential sources. -a law that protects rape victims from having to reveal details of their sexual history.

Symbolic speech

A legal term in United States law used to describe actions that purposefully and discernibly convey a particular message or statement to those viewing it.

Picketing

A person or group of people standing outside a place of work or other venue, protesting something or trying to persuade others not to enter during a strike.

False

An article in a magazine falsely accusing a public official of crime is slander.

Public and parochial schools.

Most of the Court's Establishment Clause decisions have involved

True

Picketing involves striking workers patrolling a business site in order to inform the public of a labor controversy.

Thornhill v. Alabama

Ruling: It reversed the conviction of the president of a local union for violating an Alabama statute that prohibited only labor picketing.

Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Association v. United States

Ruling: The Supreme Court struck down a federal prohibition on broadcast advertising of casino gambling as applied to broadcasters in states where such gambling is legal.

New York Times v. United States

Ruling: To exercise prior restraint, the Government must show sufficient evidence that the publication would cause a "grave and irreparable" danger.

Branzburg v. Hayes

Ruling: United States Supreme Court decision invalidating the use of the First Amendment as a defense for reporters summoned to testify before a grand jury.

Burstyn v. Wilson

Ruling: a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court which largely marked the decline of motion picture censorship in the United States because of the 1st and 14th amendments.

Miller v. California

Ruling: the court redefined its definition of obscenity from that of "utterly without socially redeeming value" to that which lacks "serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value."

Schenck v. United States

Ruling: the freedom of speech protection afforded in the U.S. Constitution's First Amendment could be restricted if the words spoken or printed represented to society a "clear and present danger."

Seditious speech

Speech attacking basic institutions of government, including particular governmental leaders.

True

The Court has allowed schools to institute "released time" programs so that students may attend private religious classes.

False

The Court has ruled that States may prohibit the teaching of evolution.

False

The Court ruled that nativity scenes may be used alone as a holiday display.

True

The Free Exercise Clause was the basis for the Court's decision that Amish parents need not obey compulsory education laws.

May be protected from revealing their sources through an act of Congress.

The Supreme Court has held that reporters

Radio and television.

The branch of the media that has been subjected to the most extensive federal regulation is

is permissible.

The court has held that prayer in State legislatures

Was the material created by practices that exploit women or minors?

This is NOT one of the rules by which the Supreme Court judges obscenity cases

It is unconstitutional except in cases about the Court's attitude toward prior restraint.

This is an ACCURATE statement about the Court's attitude towards prior restraint

It has struck them down.

What position has the Court taken on "moment of silence" laws mentioning voluntary prayer?

ANSWER: C a) Polygamy may be punished even if it is part of religious practices. b) Poisonous snakes may not be used in religious services. c) Schools cannot begin with prayer. d) Persons who have religious objections to military service may not be drafted

Which of the following rulings does NOT belong with the others?

Libel

a published false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation; a written defamation.

Sedition

conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state or monarch.