Government Exam 1

The Debate about whether government agencies should be permitted to collect private communication data is most closely related to the American value of

Liberty

Which value is considered the most essential quality of American Democracy?

Liberty

Conservatism advocates which principle?

Limited role of government in public well-being

The federalist papers were written by

Madison, Hamilton, and Jay

Which antifederalist wrote under the pen name A columbian patriot

Mercy Otis Warren

Which of the following is currently the largest generation group in the US

Millennials

Which constitutional amendment indicated that the list of already included civil liberties in previous amendments was not exhaustive?

Ninth amendment

Which of these countries is considered a totalitarian state system?

North Korea

Among geographical regions, which areas differ the most in political outlook?

Northeast and South

Which type of government sees power held in the hands of an elite few?

Oligarchy

Process by which individuals acquire their opinions

Political socialization

According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, government that is created by the people is dependent on the authority of the people to rule, which is otherwise known as

Popular sovereignty

The increased awareness among Americans in the debate over building a wall between the U.S. and Mexico demonstrates the prominent role that the ______ plays in shaping American Views

President

A poll of which type would be most likely to ask the following question, If you found out that Representative Jones participated in several unsavory financial transactions, would it affect your vote?

Push Poll

Pollsters who structure a sample so that it is representative of the characteristics of a target population are using what type of sampling?

Quota sampling

White protestants are most likely to vote

Republican

Shays rebellion was undertaken by

Revolutionary war veterans and small farmers with large debts

At the second continental congress who argued that these united colonies are and of right ought to be free and independent states

Richard Henry Lee

According to the results of a 2016 pew research poll, which of the following best represents the percentage of americans who had close friends who support opposing candidates?

fewer than 25 percent

What is the foundation of the legal structure of the United States?

the federal Constitution

A social contract can be defined as an agreement between people and their leaders in which

the people agree to give up some liberties in exchange for the protection of other liberties

The main factor in the eventual ratification of the Constitution by the states was

the promise that a bill of rights would be added

Which of the following is the earliest example of American politicians trying to shape public opinion?

the publication of the federalist papers

The Key difference among modern liberals, conservatives, and libertarians is their view of

the role of the government

The dual sovereignty of the Constitution refers to

the sharing of powers between the national and state governments

Under the articles of confederation most power rested with

the states

According to the constitution who interpets the law?

the supreme court

Men and Women differ the least in

their opinions on issues they see as very important such as economy terrorism and immigration

Efficacy is citizen's belief that

they have the power to achieve something desirable and that the government will listen to them

Most national polling organizations rarely poll more than ________ respondents.

1500

What year saw the passage of the bill of rights?

1791

Which age group is most liberal

18-35 year olds

Which decade saw a marked decline in American attitudes toward government?

1970s

In which presidential election was voter turnout by 18- 24 year olds the highest?

2008 Election

By 2019, the population of the United States reached about

330 million

Which age group had the highest turnout rate in recent presidential elections?

65+

The great compromise produced what?

A bicameral congress

According to exit polls from the 2016 presidential election, which ethnic group was the most unified?

African Americans

No matter how religious they are, ________ are likely to identify themselves as Democrats.

African Americans

What is the central principle of the Declaration of Independence

All men are equal

Which of the following is not characteristic of both Generation Z and Millennials?

Belief in fewer and more tolerant laws concerning gun control

What type of polls are frequently sponsored on election day by news organizations?

Exit Polls

Social scientists argue that____________ exerts the strongest influence on political socialization

Family, school, and the media

From 1956 until it ceased operation in 2012, the first through twelfth grad weekly reader student poll correctly predicted the outcome of every presidential election, what is the best explanation for this?

Children mimic the behavior of their parents

Which country is considered an authoritarian state system?

China

Which ideology places the greatest emphasis on traditional values?

Conservatism

Which of the following best describes the form of government of the United States?

Constitutional Democracy

Which latino group more strongly identifies as republicans?

Cubans

Which type of government places the supreme power in the hands of the citizens?

Democracy

Largest proportion of non religious Americans are

Democrats

What features are found within the constitution?

Descriptions of foundational structures, details of essential operating procedures, identification of core bodies, and mission statements

What structure of government was formed by the colonists in New England who fled religious persecution?

Direct Democracy

Why did Martin Luther's actions spark reformation?

He openly criticized harmful practices of the Catholic Church.

Which tax is not a commodity tax?

Income Tax

Which statement about public opinions is seen as false?

It has only recently been important to american politics

Which of the following statements about majority rule is not true? -It is often paired with the concept of the protection of minority rights? -Only policies with a vote of 50 percent plus one are enacted -It is implicit within the concept of the consent of the governed

It is implicit within the concept of the consent of the governed

Who wrote Two Treatises of Government?

John Locke

Which branch of the federal government scores higher in levels of public trust than other?

Judicial branch

Who of the following constructed the concept of natural law, which asserts that standards that govern human behavior are derived from human nature and can be universally applied?

Sir Isaac Newton

Which ideology places the greatest emphasis on equality?

Socialism

Which ideology places the greatest emphasis on government control of the economy?

Socialism

The following statements reflect the constitutional structure within the articles of confederation (all of them)

State governments would implement and pay for congressionally approved policies, any constitutional amendments required unanimous approval of all 13 states, approval of policies and treaty ratification require 9 affirmative votes, state courts retained jurisdiction over most legal matters

Between 1980 and 2000, what ethnicity populaces changed

The Hispanic increased, while the white decreased

Which region tends to favor the democrats

The Northeast, west coast, and most major cities

Which region has the largest population of those without a religious affiliation?

The West

Which of the following events would be described as having a generational effect?

The great recession, the great depression, the terrorist attacks of 9/11, WWI----- All of these answers are correct

Article III of the Constitution described the powers and structures of what branch?

The judicial branch

Which region has the largest Catholic and Jewish populations compared to other regions in the United States?

The north east

Which region is the most protestant compared to the other regions in the United States?

The south

According to __________, without the rule of a strong monarch, people would lead lives that were " solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short"

Thomas Hobbes

What is not a function of most governments?

To arrest all opponents

All of the following are considered public goods except

access to government provided health care

The key to a successful example is

accurately reflecting the population

In the early years of the american republic, the right to vote was ___

available to white men only

Among white voters, those who regularly attend religious services are morel likely to

be republican

What rate of income tax from all levels of government is currently in place in the United States?

between 25 and 35 percent of each dollar earned

In 2018, which issue was identified by respondents as the most important problem facing the country

dissatisfaction with government

Debates about whether the government should tax the wealthy more than other classes embody the concept of

economic equality

The assembled delegates at the Second Continental Congress

empowered congress to function as an independent government

Which socialization agent has the first major impact on a child?

family

Public Opinon and __________ are inextricably linked because the latter is the prism through which people view all political issues

ideology

Which term matches this description? A quality conferred on government by ctiizens who believe that its exercise of power is right and proper

legitimacy

In the two tier system of colonial government, which group had authority over day to day matters?

local officials and assemblies

Which of the following is not an element of the declaration of independence

men and women should have equal rights

Which centuries saw the evolution of the modern concept of equality?

nineteenth and twentieth

When are children in the United States first exposed to socialization by being encouraged to believe in democracy and express patriotism?

preschool

A poll that both attempts to skew public opinion on a candidate and provides information about candidate strengths and weaknesses is a

push poll

Because it is impossible to measure everyone's opinions, pollsters frequently rely on __________ sampling

random

What is another name for indirect democracy?

representative democracy

Libertarianism advocates what principle

rights of property owners

Of the following political socialization agents, which have the greatest impact on forming political beliefs?

schools

Marbury V Madison is a landmark supreme court decision that

set the precedent for judicial review

What is not a key tenet of classical liberalism?

strong government authority

Which regions tend to favor republicans

the South, the West, and most of the Midwest

Women are more likely to vote than men in every age group except?

those under the age 25

What type of government structure controls every aspect of its citizen's lives?

totalitarian

A poll that measures changes in public opinion over time is known as a

tracking poll

Public polls and voting behavior indicate that men and women have____________ views on many issues

very different

According to exit polls from the 2016 presidential election, which ethnic group was most divided?

whites