Government Test 8/6

What limit does the Constitution place on the ability of the U.S. government to add new States to the Union?

Congress cannot take territory from an existing State to create a new State without the permission of the original State's legislature.

An explicitly denied power is a power banned outright by the Constitution. An implicitly denied power is a power banned, but not directly mentioned in the Constitution. Which of the following powers is implicitly denied to the Federal Government?

Establish marriage and divorce laws

Once an amendment is formally proposed, how long do the States have to ratify it?

There is no time limit on the ratification process and States have as long as they wish to consider amendments.

Tariffs are taxes on foreign imports. In our federal system, the power to levy tariffs is a power-

granted exclusively to the Federal Government by the Constitution.

Local governments get their authority from-

the State governments.

Which of the following is NOT a check available to the legislative branch?

Declaring an executive act to be unconstitutional

To which one of the listed situations would the protections of the Full Faith and Credit Clause apply? "Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State." —Article IV, Section 1

A man taking a trip wants his driver's license from one State to be accepted as proper identification in another State.

Which of the constitutional principles listed was Madison describing and defending in the quote below? "In the compound republic of America, the power . . . is first divided between two distinct governments. . . . The different governments will control each other, at the same time that each will be controlled by itself."—James Madison, Federalist No. 51, 1788

Federalism

Use the photo to help you answer the question. A photo shows protestors holding signs in front of Capitol Hill. Most of the protestors hold signs reading "Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence; sensible gun laws save lives." One protestor holds a sign reading "Criminals prefer unarmed victims; guns save lives." Which amendment in the Bill of Rights are these protestors exhibiting?

First Amendment

Based on the reasoning Chief Justice John Marshall uses in the excerpt below, what choice best describes the decision he made in the McCulloch v. Maryland case? "[T]he states have no power . . . to retard, impede, burden, or in any manner control, the operations of the constitutional laws enacted by Congress." —Chief Justice John Marshall, McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819

He decided that federal law could not be challenged by State law.

Use the chart to answer the question. A chart describes the rights protected in the second part of the Bill of Rights, made up of the Sixth through the Tenth Amendments to the Constitution. The Sixth Amendment protects the right to an attorney; the right to be informed of charges, to cross-examine witnesses, and to present favorable witnesses; and the right to a speedy trial by a fair jury. The Seventh Amendment protects the right to a trial by jury in any civil case involving more than $20. The Eighth Amendment provides protection from excessive bail and protection from cruel and unusual punishment. The Ninth Amendment states that the people hold unwritten rights that are not spelled out in the Constitution. The Tenth Amendment states that powers not delegated to the federal government may be exercised by the states if not prohibited by the Constitution. The first three Amendments listed have which of the following in common?

Protecting the rights of individuals in the court system

The chart shows some of the powers held by different levels of government in our federal system. A chart shows three boxes containing the following text: Powers exclusive to the federal government: declaring war; coining money; making foreign treaties. Powers reserved to the states: regulating gambling; setting up public school systems. Concurrent (shared) powers: taxing citizens; blank. Which of the following powers is a concurrent power shared by both the federal and State governments that is missing from the chart?

Setting punishments for crimes

Use the quote from the text about reserved powers to determine which of the following examples is a reserved power possessed only by State governments. "The reserved powers are those powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not, at the same time, deny to the States."

The ability to forbid people under 18 to marry without parental consent

What specific constitutional principle was Alexander Hamilton referring to in this quote? "It therefore belongs to [the courts] to ascertain . . . the meaning of any particular act proceeding from the legislative body."—Alexander Hamilton, Federalist No. 78, 1788

The authority to interpret laws

A chart compares congressional representation for California and Wyoming. California has 37,253,956 population, 2 senators, and 53 house members. Wyoming has 563,626 population, 2 senators, and 1 house member. What idea embodied in the Constitution is demonstrated by how California and Wyoming are represented in Congress?

The bicameral legislature creates equal representation in the Senate, but population-based representation in the House.

The principle of popular sovereignty is based on the belief that

The government gets its power from the people and can exist only with their consent.

How did Congress eventually resolve the constitutional issue described in this quote from the text? "The only extensive use ever made of the republican-form guarantee came in the years immediately following the Civil War. Congress declared that several southern States did not have governments of a republican form, and refused to admit senators and representatives from those States. . . ."

The southern States were required to ratify the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution and change their voting requirements.

Under which of the following scenarios would your 5th Amendment rights be violated?

You were found innocent of a crime but later charged again with that crime and forced to give evidence that made you seem guilty.

States that joined the Union after the original 13 colonies-

immediately received the same congressional status and constitutional rights as the original States.

What name is commonly given to this quote from the Constitution? "A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime." —Article IV, Section 2

the Extradition Clause