Government Test. Topic 5

Which of these First Ladies represents the traditional behind-the-scenes role long played by Presidents' wives?

Abigail adams

Read this excerpt from the text. "The President is expected to be 'the representative of all the people.' He or she is expected to take the high road and champion the public interest against the many different and competing private interests. 'The presidency,' said Franklin Roosevelt, 'is not merely an administrative office. That is the least of it. It is, preeminently, a place of moral leadership.'" To which presidential role does this text excerpt refer?

Chief Citizen

1) the Senate votes on a treaty 2) the President negotiates a treaty Which of these is the CAUSE and which is the EFFECT?

2 is the cause 1 is the effect

Read this excerpt from the text: "Congress has not declared war since World War II. On eight occasions since then, however, it has enacted joint resolutions to authorize the President to meet certain international crises with military force." Which is the STRONGEST conclusion that can be drawn based on this statement?

?? ask Fulton

Read the following quotation from President Theodore Roosevelt: "My view [of the presidency] was that every executive officer. . . was. . . bound actively and affirmatively to do all that he could for the people. . . . My belief was that it was not only [a President's] right but his duty to do anything that the needs of the Nation demanded unless such action was forbidden by the Constitution or by the laws. . . ." This approach to the presidency was MOST SIMILAR to that of which of the following Presidents?

Andrew Jackson

Vice President Thomas Marshall once told the following story of two brothers: "One ran away to sea; the other was elected Vice President. And nothing was heard of either of them again." Which of the following BEST expresses the meaning of this story?

Being Vice President is a dead-end job that dooms a person to obscurity.

This cartoon uses the label "Born to command" to describe President Jackson's approach to the presidency. Which of the following labels might be used to describe a President who subscribes to the Whig theory of presidential leadership? A cartoon depicts Andrew Jackson dressed as "King Andrew the First," who is

Born to imitate president roosevelt

In the 1960s, President John F. Kennedy directed his military adviser, General Maxwell Taylor, to refuse to testify before a congressional committee examining the Bay of Pigs affair. This is an example of the use of which presidential power?

Executive privilege.

President Dwight Eisenhower said, "Even if [Vice President] Nixon and I were not good friends, I would still have him in every important conference of government, so that if the Grim Reaper [death] would find it time to remove me from the scene, he is ready to slip in without any interruption." Why is this remark important in the history of the evolving role of the Vice President?

It marked the beginning of a shift in how the office of the vice president was seen

If you were the leader of a revolutionary movement in another country, what might be one act of diplomacy that could make the difference between survival and failure for your new nation? Use examples from the text to explain your answer.

Making treaties with other countries that could support you, like China, and maybe denying partnership with other countries. If you deny any partnership that could be taken as disrespect and with the start of a new nation, you do not want conflict against your currently tiny weak nation.

In 1973, Congress overrode President Nixon's veto of the War Powers Resolution. What conclusion can be drawn based on this fact?

Support for the resolution was overwhelming in both houses of congress

Which statement regarding treaties is TRUE?

Treaties have the same legal standing as acts of congress

Use the photo to answer the question. A photo shows George W. Bush shaking hands with an Asian man. They both wear traditional Asian-style shirts. Which presidential role does this photo illustrate?

Chief Diplomat

In January 2013, the United States officially recognized the government of Somalia for the first time since 1991. Which of the following is one reason for this action?

To reward Somalias progress and help it to continue on the path to democracy.

Which of the following statements about the President's judicial powers is FALSE?

The President's power of clemency may be used in cases involving both State and federal offenses.

Based on the cartoon about the Treaty of Versailles and the information in the text, which of the following is TRUE? A personified peace treaty with arms, legs, and a face is covered in bandages and using crutches to walk away from a room labeled "Operating Room—Senate Committee on Foreign Relations," which contains a metal operating table, large knives, and blood. President Wilson, looking pleased, walks beside the peace treaty with his arm over its shoulders. The caption reads, "The Lambs from the Slaughter."

The Senate proposed major revisions to the treaty.

Which of the following describes the actions of a President who subscribes to the stewardship theory of presidential leadership?

President Lyndon Johnson engineers a congressional resolution giving him nearly unlimited control over American actions in Vietnam.

Read this excerpt from the text: "In 1952, at the height of the Korean War, a labor dispute threatened to shut down the nation's steel industry and imperil the war effort. To avert a strike, President Harry Truman, acting as commander in chief, ordered the Secretary of Commerce to seize and operate several steel mills. But the Supreme Court found that here the President had overstepped his constitutional authority. It held that only Congress, acting under its commerce power, could authorize the seizure of private property in time of war, and it had not done so." This is an example of what?

The judicial branch limiting the executive branch.

Read this excerpt from the text: "Many laws that Congress enacts are written in fairly broad terms. Congress sets out the basic policies and standards to be followed. The specific details—much of the fine print necessary to the actual, day-to-day administration of the law—are usually left to be worked out by the executive branch." This describes the use of which presidential power?

The power to execute the law

If a President receives a bill that has some provisions he or she supports and some provisions he or she opposes, the President can

sign the bill and issue a signing statement addressing the parts of the bill he or she opposes.

Predict which of the following a President might consider before negotiating a treaty with the leader of another country

Will at least 67 senators support the treaty

Does the manner in which a President plays the presidential roles affect his or her effectiveness? Why or why not? Give evidence to support your answer.

Yes, because if the President does not play his/her roles effectively, than the country as well as its foreign affairs would not function orderly or properly. A president should act in its roles in a manner that is respectful, in mind of the people, and without clash or bias. Otherwise itll be hard to decifer laws and regulations if congress and the president are conflicting constantly.

Read this passage from the War Powers Resolution of 1973: "(c) The constitutional powers of the President as Commander-in-Chief to introduce United States Armed Forces into hostilities, or into situations where imminent involvement in hostilities is clearly indicated by the circumstances, are exercised only pursuant to (1) a declaration of war, (2) specific statutory authorization, or (3) a national emergency created by attack upon the United States, its territories or possessions, or its armed forces." What is the intent of this section of the document?

to limit the President's power to commit the U.S. to military action without meeting certain conditions

When Theodore Roosevelt sent the Great White Fleet around the world, he was acting in his role of

Commander in Chief

Read this excerpt from the text: "At times, a President has had to turn to roundabout methods in order to achieve his [treaty] goals. When a Senate minority defeated a treaty to annex Texas, President John Tyler was able to bring about annexation in 1845 by encouraging passage of a joint resolution—a move that required only a majority vote in each house. In 1898, President William McKinley used the same tactic to annex Hawaii." What does this excerpt illustrate about the process of approving treaties?

A treaty is not the only tool a President can use to make agreements with other countries.

What are the similarities and differences between the veto and the line-item veto?

Both line-item veto and veto dismiss a part of the law, but veto dismisses the entire thing completely, and line-item veto gets rid of a part of it that the President finds disgraceful. Like for instance, the President really likes the project that congress has decided to fund, but gives it far too much money, the president can veto the financing but leave the project support.

Choose the answer that BEST completes the chart about the roles of the President of the United States. A chart lists and describes the roles of the president as follows: blank: ceremonial head of the federal government; chief executive: given power to execute the laws by the Constitution; chief administrator: head of the executive branch of government; commander in chief: leader of the nation's armed forces.

Chief of State

Consider what First Lady Michele Obama seems to be doing in the photograph. In the photo, Michele Obama delivers a speech at a podium placed in front of grocery store produce bins filled with fruits and vegetables.

Eleanor Roosevelt

Read this excerpt from the text about the presidential power of recognition: "Recognition does not mean that one government approves the character or the conduct of another. The United States recognizes several governments about which it has serious misgivings. . . . The facts of life in world politics make relations with these governments necessary." Which of the following is an example of a nation whose government the United States recognizes, but about which our nation has serious misgivings?

Iran

Use the information in the chart to answer the question. A chart lists and describes selected presidential powers as follows: appointment power: president names top-ranking officers of the federal government; removal power: president can remove an officer he or she appointed; legislative power: president can initiate congressional legislation. Which of the presidential powers listed on the chart blurs the separation of powers between branches of the government?

Legislative power

Study the outline to answer the question. An outline lists reasons for expansion of presidential powers as follows: A) Presidential personalities: 1) Abraham Lincoln, 2) Theodore Roosevelt; B) Nation's increasingly complex economic and social life: 1) greater industrialization and technology, 2) citizens looking to president for leadership; C) Blank: 1) wars, 2) economic problems. Which of the following headings most accurately completes the outline?

National crises

Charles Dawes, Vice President under Calvin Coolidge, commented that he had little to do as Vice President but "look at newspapers every morning to see how the President's health is." Based on this quotation, what was Dawes' point of view about the vice presidency?

The Vice President has little responsibility, except to be ready to assume the presidency.

The Constitution gives the Vice President almost no specific duties. What might this suggest about how that office was viewed when the Constitution was written?

The Vice President is usually overlooked because of the President's powers. The President was initially supposed to have all the power with reference to the Constitution, but now the Vice President continually has gained more and more power by taking the President's place in moments when the President is no longer able to officiate.

Read this excerpt from the text: "Sections 3 and 4 of the 25th Amendment fill the disability gap. . . . The Vice President is to become Acting President if (1) the President informs Congress, in writing, 'that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office,' or (2) the Vice President and a majority of the members of the Cabinet inform Congress, in writing, that the President is so incapacitated. The President may resume the powers and duties of the office by informing Congress by 'written declaration' that no inability exists. However, the Vice President and a majority of the Cabinet may challenge the President on this score. If they do, Congress has 21 days in which to decide the matter." What is the MOST LIKELY reason the amendment requires notifications to be in writing?

A written record proves the process has been carried out legally

How do the President's power to recommend or veto legislation and to grant reprieves and pardons illustrate the principle of checks and balances?

So that the executive branch can check on congress making laws in the legislative branch and check on the judicial branch sending people to jail

Explain why some people believe there should not be term limits on the presidency.

Some people, even former presidents, believe that there should not be limits on the length of a presidential term in office because it places an arbitrary limit on the peoples right to decide who should be president.

Use the chart to answer the question. An image shows a chart titled The Line of Succession: 1) vice president; 2) speaker of the house; 3) president pro tempore of the Senate; 4) secretary of state; 5) secretary of the treasury; 6) secretary of defense; 7) attorney general; 8) secretary of the interior; 9) secretary of agriculture; 10) secretary of commerce; 11) secretary of labor; 12) secretary of health and human services; 13) secretary of housing and urban development; 14) secretary of transportation; 15) secretary of energy; 16) secretary of education; 17) secretary of veterans affairs; 18) secretary of homeland security. If the President, Vice President, and leaders of Congress were all unable to hold office, who would assume the office of President?

The secretary of state

Chart outlining presidential powers of appointment, removal, and legislation Use the chart to answer the question. In 2013, the Supreme Court ruled that this presidential power does not extend to selecting the heads of agencies, such as the National Labor Relations Board, during congressional vacation adjournments. Which presidential power does this decision involve?

Appointment power

Although Congress has not declared war since World War II, the United States has used military force on many occasions since then. What is one explanation for this fact?

Congress has enacted joint resolutions to authorize the presidents use of military force

Which statement about the cartoon is MOST accurate? The cartoon is titled Fast and Furious. A football player represents Congress. He looks down and sees a line of footprints that has passed by him, between his legs, without him noticing. The long puff of dust left behind by the runner who passed him says Executive Privilege.

It is suggesting that the executive privilege can allow a president to get things done without Congress

Which statement about this cartoon about executive privilege is MOST accurate? Political Cartoon showing executive privilege passing by congress.

It suggests that executive privilege allows the President to do things to which Congress might object.

Study the outline. An outline lists reasons for expansion of presidential powers as follows: A) Presidential personalities: 1) Andrew Jackson, 2) Franklin D. Roosevelt; B) Expansion of the Executive Branch: 1) creation of the Executive Office of the President, 2) expansion of presidential staff; C) Nation's increasingly complex economic and social life: 1) greater industrialization and technology, 2) citizens look to President for leadership; D) Need for action in times of crisis: 1) wars, 2) blank; E) Congress: 1) delegated authority to the Executive Branch. Which of the following phrases BEST completes the outline?

Natural Disasters

Compare and contrast the role of First Ladies in the White House in the early days of the United States to their role today. Use examples from the text to support your answer.

Over time, First Ladies began to become role models for American Women. In the beginning they were simply behind the scenes, just the wives of the Presidents, but now they are role models for the way that they dress, act, and speak. They are publicized greatly, beginning with Michelle Obama who is a leader in healthy eating for kids and fighting child obesity.

Former President Bill Clinton was very helpful to President Obama during his 2012 campaign for reelection. Why does the cartoonist say that the President can repay Clinton for his help by repealing the 22nd Amendment? A cartoon is mostly taken up by a gigantic image of former President Bill Clinton. A miniature Barack Obama stands behind a miniature 2012 campaign podium on Clinton's shoulder as he delivers his reelection victory speech. An unseen crowd shouts, "Four more years!" Obama looks behind himself at Clinton's face. Clinton smiles and says, "Repay me? How 'bout repealing the 22nd Amendment?"

Repealing the 22nd Amendment would repay Clinton because it would allow him to run for President a third time.

do some people favor the approach to the presidency taken by Theodore Roosevelt, and what did Roosevelt call that approach?

Roosevelt called this approach the Stewardship Theory. So instead of merely carrying out the will of congress, he leads the nation and builds public support. People might favor this because they like seeing the president take action, but others would think he has too much to do with everything concerning their freedoms.

How does this photo of Eleanor Roosevelt represent a modern, expanded role for First Ladies? A photo shows Eleanor Roosevelt seated at a desk with a few sheets of paper, preparing to speak into an NBC microphone.

Shes taking an active role by doing a radio speech

What is the MOST LIKELY reason that the 25th Amendment gives the Vice President and a majority of the Cabinet the right to challenge a President's claim that he or she is ready to resume office?

Sometimes the President might be rushed to get back into office when he isn't exactly ready enough to be back. That is why other people have to intervene to make absolute sure the president is prepared and healthy enough to be back in office. Usually if the President had to take a break from office, it was for a serious reason, so quick recoveries aren't expected. The Vice President can challenge his resumption to office if the situation seems unfit

Read this excerpt from the text: "Sections 3 and 4 of the 25th Amendment fill the disability gap. . . . The Vice President is to become Acting President if (1) the President informs Congress, in writing, 'that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office,' or (2) the Vice President and a majority of the members of the Cabinet inform Congress, in writing, that the President is so incapacitated. The President may resume the powers and duties of the office by informing Congress by 'written declaration' that no inability exists. However, the Vice President and a majority of the Cabinet may challenge the President on this score. If they do, Congress has 21 days in which to decide the matter." Suppose the President were badly injured, and unable to inform the Vice President that he could not discharge the power and duties of his office. How would power be transferred to the Vice President?

The Vice President and a majority of the members of the Cabinet would inform Congress in writing that the President was incapacitated.

Which statement BEST expresses what the photograph of Vice President Joe Biden shows about the role of modern Vice Presidents? The photo shows Vice President Biden waving as he walks next to an Asian man. Behind them, Asian soldiers in ceremonial uniforms stand at attention, holding rifles.

The Vice President often has an important role in diplomacy with other nations.

This photograph of President Obama and New Jersey governor Chris Christy was taken in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy. In the photo, President Obama hugs a distraught woman as he stands with Governor Christy in the middle of a crowd of people. Which presidential role does it illustrate?

The president as chief citizen

The photo shows President Ronald Reagan with some U.S. troops. In the photo, President Reagan wears a jacket with a military insignia on the shoulder as he walks past rows of soldiers standing at attention. Which presidential role does this photograph illustrate?

The president as commander and chief

Describe the major steps of the presidential appointment process.

The president first provides a written nomination to the Senate where it will be read on the floor. then two thirds senate must vote.

The President is the author of the nation's public policies in his or her role of

chief legislator

Which is the MOST LIKELY reason that the cartoonist has dressed the characters in this cartoon in this way? A cartoon depicts caricatures of Theodore Roosevelt as "Teddy" and William Howard Taft as "Willie Taft," well-dressed little boys in sailor hats and breeches. Teddy scowls at Willie and clenches his fists, while Willie gives Teddy a smug, annoyed look.

to show that they are behaving immaturely by arguing about everything