Guam History

high: continental island, volcanic island low: atoll

Give an example of a high and a low island.

their universe

How did the first people living on the low lying coral atolls and volcanic islands view the ocean as?

volcanic activity or plate movement

How were the islands of the Pacific formed?

Lava

Magma that reaches Earth's surface

Magma

Molten rock beneath the earth's surface

raised coral islands/atolls

atolls that have been uplifted, including the lagoon basin, above sea level

faults

cracks in the earth's crust

over 20,000

how many islands are located in the Pacific Ocean?

tsunami

huge wave triggered by an underwater earthquake, landslide, or volcanic eruption

volcanic island

island built by volcanoes rising from the sea floor to above the surface of the water

Micronesia, Polynesia, Melanesia

name the three groups go islands in oceania?

New Guinea and New Caledonia

names two examples of continental islands in the pacific

barrier reef

reef that is separated from the sinking volcano

atoll

ring shapes coral island

Challenger deep

the deepest part of all oceans. Located in the Marianas Trench, in the Western North Pacific Ocean, where the Pacific and Philippine Plates come together

1. puzzle pieces 2. fossile correlation 3. rock and mountain correlation 4. past climate data

the four reasons to believe Continental Drift theory

continental island

the largest type of high island; a piece of land that has been separated form the main continent

subduction

the process by which an ocean plate nudges under a continental plate, usually by a few inches a year

Oceania

the region in the southwestern pacific consisting of thousands of scattered islands

Ring of Fire

the ring of volcanoes that partly encircles the Pacific Ocean

lagoon

the shallow water between the island and the reef

Continental Drift

theory that the Earth's original land masses a single supercontinent called "Pangaea" that eventually broke up, separated/ and drifted apart over a period of 200 million years or more to the continents we know today

Plate Tectonics

theory the suggest the Earth's surface is broken into several huge, unbending plates, or slabs, each about 50 miles thick. these plates "float" extremely. slowly on top of the Earth's hot, flexible interior

plankton

tiny floating plants and animals; food to coral

low islands

volcanic high islands that have been worn down nearly to sea level or formed by coral

Active volcano

volcano that continues to pour out lava, gases, or ash

dormant volcano

volcano that has not erupted for a long time but could still erupt; still has lava flowing

Extinct volcano

volcano that is no longer thought to have openings through the mantle located below the Earths surfaces

dry and rainy

what are the two seasons on Guam?

trade winds

what causes dry season?

warm, moist, and rising air

what conditions are necessary for a typhoon to form?

a deep ocean trench

what happens if an ocean plate and a continental plate such together?

a mountain range will form

what happens if two continental plates are pushed together?

salty water, warm water, and shallow water

what is needed for a coral reef to survive?

Weather refers to the short-term state of conditions at a given time and place, while climate is the conditions over a long period of time.

what is the difference between weather and climate?

Micronesia

which group of islands is Guam a part of

Polynesia

which islands are known for their seafaring?

Melanesia

which islands are referred to as the "dark islands"?

Micronesia

which islands means may islands

hot spot

A place deep within the Earth where hot magma rises to just underneath the surface, creating a bulge and volcanic activity

moisture in the air

What is humidity?

the pacific ocean

What is the largest ocean in the world?

fringing reef

What kind of reef does Guam have?

fringing reefs

a coral reef that lies close to the shore.

volcano

a geological landform that begins as a long, narrow crack in the Earth's crust

coral polyp

an animal that with certain types of algae, mollusks, and other life forms, creates coral reefs

tectonic plates

"floats" on the hot, flexible interior. Large unbending slabs of solid rock that drift and collide with each other

oceanic and continental

What are the two types of plates?

steady winds that blow towards the equator

What are trade winds?

warm water from the ITCZ

What causes dry season?

sun, distance from equator, elevation, moon, tides, etc.

What causes the seasons and climate zone of the Earth?