Gustation: Sense of Taste
Three cranial nervesare involved the sense of taste.
Facial (VII) Glossopharyngeal(IX)nerve Vagus(X)
A fourth type of papillae
Filiform papillae
3 types of papillae that contain taste buds
Foliate papillae Fungiformpapillae (circum)vallatepapillae
(circum)vallatepapillae
about 12 that contain 100-300 taste buds)
Glossopharyngeal
carries taste information from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Flavors other than umamiare
combinations of the other four primary tastes.
Taste buds
contain receptors for the sensation of taste. Approximately 10,000 taste buds are found on the tongue of a young adult and on the soft palate, pharynx, and epiglottis.
All taste modalities can be
elicited from all areas containing taste buds
Taste buds are located
in elevations on the tongue called papillae.
Vagus(X)
information from taste buds on the epiglottis and in the throat
Foliate papillae
located in lateral trenches of the tongue—most of their taste buds degenerate in early childhood).
facial
nervecarries taste information from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
Filiform papillae
papillaecover the entire surface of the tongue. Contain tactile receptorsbut no taste buds. Increase friction to make it easier for the tongue to move food within the mouth
Fungiformpapillae
scattered over the tongue with about 5 taste buds each)
There are only 5 primary tastes:
sour, sweet, bitter, salt and umami
Taste buds contain 3 kinds of epithelial cells
supporting cells, gustatory hair receptor cellsand basal stem cells.