HA&P Pearson Module Ch. 2 Part 1

Which statement concerning elements is true? A) Each element is composed of more or less identical particles or building blocks, called atoms. B) Some common elements are salt, acid, and water. C) All elements are naturally occurring. D) All matter is composed of elements, commons substances that can be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical methods.

A) Each element is composed of more or less identical particles or building blocks, called atoms.

Which of the following is a property of matter? A) Matter can exist in solid, liquid, or gaseous states. B) The weight of matter remains constant wherever the object is. C) In all cases, matter can be seen, smelled, and felt. D) The mass of an object can change depending upon a variety of factors including gravitational pull, atmospheric pressure, and temperature.

A) Matter can exist in solid, liquid, or gaseous states.

Match the following: Legs moving the pedals of a bicycle A) Mechanical energy B) Radiant energy C) Electrical energy D) Chemical energy

A) Mechanical energy

What is the most common element in the body? A) O B) H C) N D) C

A) O

Which of the following is not one of the four basic elements that comprise approximately 96% of a human's body weight? A) Potassium B) Oxygen C) Hydrogen D) Carbon

A) Potassium

Ninety-six percent of body weight is made up of ______. A) 112 elements B) 4 elements C) 20 elements D) 92 elements

B) 4 elements

An atom has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 14. How many neutrons does this atom have? A) Not enough information is available to determine the number of neutrons. B) 8 C) 6 D) 14

B) 8

On the image, indicate which part of the atom is negatively charged? A) C (neutrons) B) A (electrons) C) B (protons)

B) A (electrons)

Which of the following is true of atoms? A) Depending upon the number of neutrons, an atom may possess a positive, negative, or neutral electrical charge. B) Atoms of any given element will differ from those of all other elements and provide the element its unique physical and chemical properties. C) Atoms are composed of more or less identical particles or building blocks, called elements. D) An atom will always display a negative electrical charge.

B) Atoms of any given element will differ from those of all other elements and provide the element its unique physical and chemical properties.

With regards to isotopes, which of the following atomic structures is impossible? A)C B) B C) D D) A

B) B

Match the following: Represented by the flow of charged particles along a conductor or the flow of ions across a membrane A) Mechanical energy B) Electrical energy C) Radiant energy D) Chemical energy

B) Electrical energy

Which of the following is true of an isotope? A) Isotopes only exist for a few elements. B) Isotopes have the same number of protons, but differ in the number of neutrons they contain. C) All isotopes of a given element are found in equal amounts. D) Isotopes have the same number of neutrons, but differ in the number of protons they contain.

B) Isotopes have the same number of protons, but differ in the number of neutrons they contain.

Which of the following statements about kinetic energy is incorrect? A) It works by moving objects. B) It is a type of stored energy. C) It is energy in action. D) It can do work by moving one object to start a series of objects moving.

B) It is a type of stored energy.

Which of the following statements is true concerning the structure of atoms? A) Atoms are indivisible. B) The subatomic particles of an atom are generally equal in size. C) An atom loses the unique properties of its element when it is split into its subatomic particles. D) The large variability in size of atoms, with the larger atoms being 10,000 times the size of smaller atoms, gives atoms their unique properties.

C) An atom loses the unique properties of its element when it is split into its subatomic particles.

Which is true concerning atomic weight? A) Atomic weight does not always equal a round number due to atoms having larger or smaller protons. B) Atomic weight and atomic mass are equal. C) Atomic weight is the average of the mass numbers of all the isotopes of an element. D) Atomic weight is the weight of an atom of a particular element.

C) Atomic weight is the average of the mass numbers of all the isotopes of an element.

Which statement is incorrect concerning radioisotopes? A) Alpha emission is easily blocked outside the body but if absorbed causes considerable damage. B) Most radioisotopes used in the clinical setting are used for diagnosis, that is, to localize and illuminate damaged or cancerous tissues. C) Ionizing radiation damages tissue by directly damaging organic molecules. D) All radioisotopes, regardless of the purpose for which they are used, damage living tissue.

C) Ionizing radiation damages tissue by directly damaging organic molecules.

Which of the following best defines potential energy? A) Potential energy is energy that travels in waves, and includes visible light and radio waves. B) Potential energy is energy that has achieved its potential-energy in action, seen in the constant movement of the tiniest particles of matter, as well as in larger objects. C) Potential energy is stored energy, which has the capacity to do work, but is not presently doing so. D) Potential energy is energy that cannot be converted to kinetic energy.

C) Potential energy is stored energy, which has the capacity to do work, but is not presently doing so.

Which of the following is true concerning atomic number? A) Protons and neutrons are heavy particles and have approximately the same mass, arbitrarily designated as T atomic number. B) The atomic number is an average of the relative weights (mass numbers) of all the isotopes. C) The atomic number of any atom is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus. D) The atomic number of an atom is the sum of the masses of its protons and neutrons.

C) The atomic number of any atom is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.

What two parts of the atom are always equal in number in a neutral atom? A) electrons and neutrons B) protons and neutrons C) electrons and protons D) None of the listed responses are correct

C) electrons and protons

Which form of energy is the most useful form of energy in living systems? A) Mechanical B) Radiant C) Electrical D) Chemical

D) Chemical

Which statement is true? A) Chemical properties are those we can detect with our senses or measure. B) Physical properties are the properties that pertain to the way atoms interact. C) Each element is designated by one or two atomic symbols. D) Every element's atoms differ from those of all other elements and give the element its unique physical and chemical properties.

D) Every element's atoms differ from those of all other elements and give the element its unique physical and chemical properties.

Which subatomic particles are equal in atomic mass? A) None of the subatomic particles is equal in atomic mass. B) Electrons and neutrons C) Protons and electrons D) Protons and neutrons

D) Protons and neutrons

Which of the following is true concerning mass number? A) Isotopes differ in their numbers of electrons. B) The mass number is equal to the number of protons. Thus, the mass number of Helium is 2. C) The mass of electrons contributes significantly to mass number. D) Using mass number notation, we can identify the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons.

D) Using mass number notation, we can identify the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons.

On the image, indicate where most of the mass of the atom is. A) C (neutrons) B) B (protons) C) A (electrons) and C (neutrons) D) A (electrons) and B (protons) E) B (protons) and C (neutrons)

E) B (protons) and C (neutrons)