Health & Illness Study

About _____________ Americans die each year from smoking-related diseases.

440,000

The lowest AIDS mortality rates for American males are found in:

Asians.

A disgruntled coworker infects a box of pastries with dysentery, causing several staff to become ill. This is an example of:

Bioterrorism

What do studies on diet, exercise, and obesity suggest with respect to heart disease?

Changing one's eating habits toward a diet low in saturated fat can reduce the risk of developing heart disease.

In the United States, heart disease has ______________ over the past 30 years.

Decreased

A scientist who studies the origin and distribution of all types of diseases is best described as a(n):

Epidemiologist

The _____________ study was important for showing that arteriosclerosis does not strike people at random as they age, but that highly susceptible individuals can be identified in advance.

Framingham.

At the end of 2007, the majority of AIDS cases in the U.S. were found in:

Homosexual and bisexual men.

A researcher is interested in reporting how many people in a community were diagnosed with HIV during the past month. He/she would measure the:

Incidence

According to Richard Wilkinson, which is the most important variable influencing a country's overall level of health?

Income and educational inequality within a country.

Since AIDS results from a private act that has extreme social consequences, serious moral and legal questions also arise about the rights of ____________ versus the welfare of _______________.

Individuals, society.

Medical sociology is an important area of study because:

It recognizes the role that social factors play in determining or influencing health.

_____________babies die more often than _________________ babies.

Male, female

Which term describes an individual's most important position in society and typically comes from one's occupation?

Master status.

Compared to other social classes, lower class individuals visit physicians _________.

More often.

What trend(s) reduced tensions between sociologists in medicine and sociologists of medicine?

Most government funding is awarded to research with practical application. Medical sociology itself is converging with general sociology. Sociology of medicine became the more dominant side of medical sociology. ANSWER: A and B

Several studies in Britain, with its universal health care, have shown that the equalization of health care alone has _____________ the disparity in health between social classes.

Not reduced.

There are two categories of bioterrorism:

Overt and covert.

People living in poverty have the greatest exposure to risk factors producing ill health. Which of the following is a risk factor that is influenced by socioeconomic circumstances?

Physical. Biological. Psychological. Lifestyle.All of the above.

According to Weber, _________ is the ability to realize one's will even against the resistance of others.

Power.

The medicine of social spaces is concerned with:

Preventing disease.

___________ appears to be a major channel for AIDS transmission in India.

Prostitution

The lower class would include:

Semi-skilled and unskilled workers, the chronically unemployed.

Since 2000, the number of AIDS cases has sharply increased in what region of the U.S.?

South.

What caused the prevalence of STDs to soar around the globe?

The birth control pill. A worldwide ideology of sexual liberation and permissiveness. A new pattern of employment in developing nations. Greater availability of multiple sexual partners. ANSWER: All of the above.

What important event occurred in 1951 that began to reorient American medical sociology toward the use of theory?

The publication of Parsons's The Social System.

Morbidity is:

The rate of death

The appearance of the West Nile virus in New York city reflects:

The role of globalization in the spread of infectious diseases.

Which of the following are TRUE about health lifestyles?

They influence whether and how severely one becomes ill. They can be positive or negative. They are influenced by ones social environment ANSWER: All of the above.