Health Assessment- PrepU Chapter 16 Assessing Eyes

The conjunctiva of the eye is divided into the palpebral portion and the canthus portion. intraocular portion. nasolacrimal portion. bulbar portion.

bulbar portion. The conjunctiva is a thin, transparent, continuous membrane that is divided into two portions: a palpebral and a bulbar portion. The palpebral conjunctiva lines the inside of the eyelids, and the bulbar conjunctiva covers most of the anterior eye, merging with the cornea at the limbus.

An adult client visits the clinic and tells the nurse that he has had excessive tearing in his left eye. The nurse should assess the client's eye for viral infection. double vision. allergic reactions. lacrimal obstruction.

lacrimal obstruction. Excessive tearing (epiphora) is caused by exposure to irritants or obstruction of the lacrimal apparatus. Unilateral epiphora is often associated with foreign body or obstruction.

An older client asks why vision is not as sharp as it used to be when the eyes are focused forward. What should the nurse realize this client is describing? cataracts glaucoma detached retina macular degeneration

macular degeneration Macular degeneration causes a loss of central vision. Risk factors for macular degeneration are age, smoking history, obesity, family history, and female gender. Cataracts are characterized by cloudiness of the eye lenses. Glaucoma is an increase in intraocular pressure that places pressure on eye structures and affecting vision. A detached retina is the sudden loss of vision in one eye. This health problem may be precipitated by the appearance of blind spots.

When considering eye safety, what instructions should the nurse provide to a client newly prescribed contact lenses? (Select all that apply.) Do not share lenses. Keep the lenses clean. Wash hands before inserting or removing the lenses. Inspect the lenses every week for scratches or damage. Discard unused portions of contact solutions at the expiration date.

Do not share lenses. Keep the lenses clean. Wash hands before inserting or removing the lenses. Discard unused portions of contact solutions at the expiration date. The nurse should instruct the client to not share the lenses, to keep the lenses clean, to wash hands before inserting or removing the lenses, and to discard unused portions of contact solutions at the expiration date. The lenses should be inspected for scratches or damage every year.

A client has been found to have abnormal vision. What would be the nurse's next step? Facilitate a referral to an ophthalmologist. Refer the client to social services to get money for glasses. Refer the client to a community-based support group. Encourage the client to adopt a healthier diet.

Facilitate a referral to an ophthalmologist. Any changes in vision require referral to an optometrist or ophthalmologist for more precise testing.

A nurse assesses the parallel alignment of a client's eyes by testing the corneal light reflex. Where should the nurse shine the penlight to obtain an accurate result? Focused on the bridge of the nose Directly on the eye being examined Pointed at a fixed object on the wall Shined on the forehead

Focused on the bridge of the nose When testing the corneal light reflex, the nurse should shine the light toward the bridge of the nose. At the same time, the client is instructed to stare straight ahead. This facilitates a parallel image on the cornea. The eye response upon shining the light toward the eye may interfere with the assessment. The light should not be shined toward the forehead or on an object on the wall.

The nurse observes a middle-aged colleague fully extending her arm to read the label on a vial of medication. Which of the following age-related changes is the nurse likely to have observed? Presbyopia Cataract formation Loss of convergence Macular degeneration

Presbyopia Presbyopia denotes an age-related deficit in close vision. It is less likely that cataracts, macular degeneration, or loss of convergence underlie the colleague's visual changes.

When testing the near reaction, an expected finding includes which of the following? Pupillary dilation on near gaze; dilation on distant gaze Pupillary dilation on near gaze; constriction on distant gaze Pupillary constriction on near gaze; dilation on distant gaze Pupillary constriction on near gaze; constriction on distant gaze

Pupillary constriction on near gaze; dilation on distant gaze During accommodation, pupils constrict with near gaze and dilate with far gaze.

Which technique by the nurse demonstrates proper use of the ophthalmoscope? Uses right eye to examine the client's left eye Moves the scope around so the entire optic disk may be seen Approaches the client directly in front of the pupil Asks the client to fix the gaze upon an object and look straight ahead

Asks the client to fix the gaze upon an object and look straight ahead After turning on the ophthalmoscope, the nurse should ask the client to gaze straight ahead and slightly upward. Ask the client to remove glasses but keep contact lens in place. The nurse should use the right eye to examine the right eye & left eye to examine the client's left eye. This allows the nurse to get as close as possible to the client's eye. Begin about 10-15 inches from the client at a 15 degree angle. The nurse should keep the ophthalmoscope still & ask the client to look into the light to view the fovea and macula.

A client is diagnosed with an obstruction of the canal of Schlemm affecting the left eye. What assessment data concerning the left eye noted in the client's medical record supports this diagnosis? Increased intraocular pressure Sluggish pupillary reaction Displaced optic nerve Opaque lens

Increased intraocular pressure Aqueous humor is produced by the ciliary body, circulates from the posterior chamber through the pupil into the anterior chamber, and drains out through the canal of Schlemm. This system controls the pressure within the eye. If there is an obstruction of the canal of Schlemm, aqueous humor will not drain, increasing pressure within the eye. An obstruction of the canal of Schlemm will not displace the optic nerve because the optic nerve is located within the posterior portion of the eye. An opaque lens is a cataract, which is not caused by an obstruction of the canal of Schlemm. Pupil reaction is a neurological function not affected by intraocular pressure.