Health Disparities Final Bartosz
The difference in median adjusted household income between white households and Black households in 2014 is
$28,000
Why does Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University say that animals need stress hormones to survive?
(DO NOT KNOW ANSWER) "Like All Animals, We Need Stress. Just Not Too Much" (NPR, 2014)
From Characteristics of Asian Americans: Why might survey results be skewed to represent positive health outcomes for Asian Americans, check ALL that apply?
(DO NOT KNOW)
According to the article, "Like All Animals, We Need Stress. Just Not Too Much," why does Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University say that animals need stress hormones to survive?
(DO NOT KNOW) "Like All Animals, We Need Stress. Just Not Too Much" (NPR, 2014)
Who were the original laborers on the North American land being settled by European colonists?
(DO NOT KNOW) "Race: The Power of An Illusion - The Story We Tell" film
The Hispanic/Latino epidemiological paradox can be applied to which of the following groups?
(DO NOT KNOW) Correct answer found in, LaVeist, Chapter 13.
From Characteristics of Asian Americans: What does the "model minority myth" refer to in relation to Asian Americans?
(DO NOT KNOW) Correct answer found in, "Social, Demographic, and Cultural Characteristics of Asian Americans" (Ch 1)
From Characteristics of Asian Americans: Early work on health disparities for Asian Americans focused on which diseases?
(DO NOT KNOW) (POSSIBLY CANCER) Correct answer found in, "Social, Demographic, and Cultural Characteristics of Asian Americans" (Ch 1)
From Contextual Asian American Health: During the 1910s and 1920s laws were passed that specifically excluded which of the following ethnic groups from immigrating to the US, check all that apply?
(DONT KNOW)
From Contextual Asian American Health: Which of the following Asian countries promotes out migration as a method of economic and population control?
(DONT KNOW) Correct answer found in, "Toward a Contextual Understanding of Asian American Health" (Ch 2)
What year was the Civil Rights Act, which dismantled the Jim Crow laws, passed?
1964
When did the scientific community come to a general consensus that there is no biological evidence that there are different races?
1970s
From Characteristics of Asian Americans: For which decennial census was the Asian racial category separated into several ethnic categories?
2000
The period of slavery lasted:
244 years
Thinking of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study: The study involved ____________black men. Hint: This number includes the number of black men with syphilis and the number of black men who did not have syphilis.
600
According to the "Who is Latino?" reading, what percentage of Hispanics say that they are of "many different cultures?"
70%
According to the Jones AJPH article (2014), after the 1st century of contact with Europeans, by what percentage did American Indian populations decrease?
90%
From the "Status and Stress" article, in the cold virus experiment, adults who came from low childhood SES backgrounds had:
A greater likelihood to contract a cold and more severe cold symptoms (than those who came from higher childhood SES).
From Levels of Racism article: Internalized racism is defined as acceptance by members of the stigmatized races of negative messages about their own:
Abilities and Intrinsic Worth
According to the "Unnatural Causes - Collateral Damage" film, which of the following factors helps to explain the best way to stop the spread of tuberculosis on Ebeye?
Addressing social determinants of health
According to Shrestha and Heisler (2011), which of the following is a better measure of mortality risk?
Age-adjusted death rate
Which of the following statements is true about high suicide rates and Alaska Natives?
Alaska Natives have had high suicide rates for the past two generations.
What is the cause of the most alcohol-attributable deaths among American Indians and Alaska Natives?
Alcoholic liver disease
From Toward Improved Health: A study done by Hinton and Friend' in Boston's Chinatown showed that there is no equivalent word in any of the Chinese languages for
Alzheimer's Disease
Which of the following were major consequences of the loss of the Gila River? (check all that apply)
American Indians became dependent on the government food commodity program.
The article Aggressive policing suggests young men reporting police contact, particularly more intrusive contact, also display higher levels of _______________ associated with their experiences.
Anxiety and Trauma
From Characteristics of Asian Americans: Which of the following urban areas is NOT among the top urban areas for Asian Americans?
Atlanta
Fifty years later, African Americans still lack full access to decent, wholesome, and safe housing, in large part:
Because black poverty remains high and is very concentrated.
Hoffman's Extinction Thesis, supported by some race scientists in the early 20th century, proposed what future outcome?
Black people were destined to become extinct due to their HIGH mortality rates.
According to Mohatt and colleagues (2014), to what group was the concept "historical trauma" first applied?
Children of Holocaust survivors
Which factor accounts most for the high infant mortality rate among African American women?
Chronic stress and discrimination
Which of the following is NOT a reason for high prevalence of HIV/AIDS among Hispanics/Latinos?
Compared with other racial/ethnic groups Hispanic/Latina women have more sexual partners.
(Check all that apply) The civilization policies targeted toward Native Americans encompassed which of the following strategies?
Conversion to the Christian religion Training in the English language
Of the main characters in the film "Unnatural Causes - In Sickness and Wealth", which one experienced the highest demand and lowest control?
Corey Anderson, a janitor in the hospital
Which of the following is a reason for high pregnancy-related mortality among Hispanic/Latina women?
Cultural stigmatization of abortion causes high-risk pregnancies not to be terminated
According to the "Who is Latino?" reading, in American politics, Hispanics are often assumed to have which political party affiliation?
Democratic
What political figures were involved in advocating against DAPL?
Democratic presidential candidate and Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein
What best describes the prevalence of diabetes among American Indians over time?
Diabetes prevalence has increased rapidly across American Indian history.
From the Film Going Beyond Race Dr. Jones discusses how disparities arise. Which of the following was NOT mentioned in this section of her presentation?
Differences in family structure and cultural needs.
History is important to nearly every tribal group. Across the nineteenth century, the U.S. government forcibly relocated nearly every tribal group in which two areas of the United States and moved them to isolated, rural settings.
Eastern and Western
From the Article: Social Determinants of Health: Future Directions for Health Disparities Research The author provides a "broad" definition of social determinants of health. And states that the social determinants of health represent:
Economic and Political Structures, Social and Physical Environments, and Access to Health Services
In the USA the collection of data on race is well established and is used widely for:
Epidemiological, clinical, and planning purpose.
What did the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Directive 15 accomplish?
Establish consistent racial categories so data from different federal surveys can be compared.
Blacks living in poor neighborhoods often have environmental hazards that impact their health. One very serious environmental hazard mentioned in the readings which heightens crime rates is
Exposure to lead
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander refers to people having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America), and who maintain tribal affiliation or community attachment.
False
True or False Physiognomy is defined as the "art of judging human character from racial skin tones."
False
True or false, the racial categories that are commonly used today date back to Medieval Times?
False
True or false, there is a consistent and agreed upon medical definition for race?
False
True or False Several decades of population aging have occurred in the United States wherein the proportion of young persons has remained the same.
False Page 25 Several decades of population aging have occurred in the United States wherein the proportion of young persons has declined while the number of older persons has expanded dramatically.
True or False According to the article by Shrestha the "oldest" state in 2009 was Arizona with 17.2% of the state's population in the age category 65 years and older.
False The "oldest" state in 2009 was Florida with 17.2% of the state's population in the age category 65 years and older page 18.
True or False Early "baby boom" births are evident in the oldest age group.
False the youngest age group.-Early "baby boom" births are evident in the youngest age group. p 17
According to "King's Dream Remains an Elusive Goal: Many Americans See Racial Disparities", which group is most likely to believe that a lot of progress has been made on racial equality in America?
Families with a high income
The OMB (Office of Management and Budget) standards require federal agencies to use a minimum of _____________race categories in their data collection and presentation efforts.
Five Race Categories
From the Article: Barriers to Gender Transition-Related Healthcare: Identifying Underserved Transgender Adults in Massachusetts Due to having a ______________ that does not conform to the socially sanctioned gender norms of their birth sex, transgender people experience widespread stigma, which can impact their access to essential resources, including employment, housing, and healthcare.
Gender Expression or Identity
From: When Labels Don't Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity More so than the general public, Hispanics believe that hard work:
Gets Results
According to a study conducted by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the Harvard School of Public Health, what is the most common reason people are stressed?
Having health problems
What does the one-drop rule mean?
Having one blood relative (parent, grandparent, or further back) who is black makes one black.
From the Article: Social Determinants of Health: Future Directions for Health Disparities Research A central theme that resonated throughout these workshops was the importance of social determinants of health and their relationship to __________________.
Health Disparities
According to Shrestha and Heisler reading (2011), which of the following is the leading cause of death in this country?
Heart disease
What is one barrier that Tirado (the author of, "This is Why Poor People's Bad Decisions Make Perfect Sense") cites as holding her back from obtaining a better job?
Her personal appearance.
According to "King's Dream Remains an Elusive Goal: Many Americans See Racial Disparities", in terms of high school completion, which group is the outlier?
Hispanic
How does the "Salmon Bias" hypothesis explain the Hispanic/Latino epidemiological paradox?
Hispanic/Latino migrants return home when they become ill and/or old and therefore their deaths are not recorded in the US.
Which term is defined as "a complex and collective trauma experienced over time and across generations by a group of people who share an identity, affiliation, or circumstance"?
Historical trauma
In what way are the causes of death for Hispanic/Latino males similar to the causes of death for Black males?
Homicide is one of the top five leading causes of death.
From Toward Improved Health: According to the article "Toward Improved Health" The standards for the detection of diseases have not been developed for the various ethnic subgroups of Asian Americans and Native Hawaiians/ Pacific Islanders, the inability to develop methods of detection often leads to:
Inadequate Healthcare Services
From Levels of Racism article: Within the article Levels of racism Dr. Jones explain that _______________ manifests itself both in material conditions and in access to power.
Institutionalized racism
According to "King's Dream Remains an Elusive Goal: Many Americans See Racial Disparities", which of the following statements is true about the change in births to unmarried women since the 1960s?
It has risen for both Blacks and Whites but significantly more for Blacks.
Which of the following statements about the Indian Removal Act are true, check all that apply? Note: Students must select the two(2) correct answers to receive credit.
It was signed into law by President Andrew Jackson. The resulting forced migration is called the Trail of Tears.
The weathering hypothesis asserts that Blacks experience more stress than Whites. What is the cause of that stress?
Living in a race-conscious society
When studying years of potential life lost (YPLL) why are years lost considered detrimental to society?
Lost wealth that can be transmitted to the next generation Lost contribution to the individual's community and family Lost potential productivity in the economy
What does "the Hispanic paradox" mean?
Low mortality rates for Hispanics/Latinos despite low socioeconomic status.
What is a maquiladora industry?
Manufacturing or assembly plants located in Mexico, owned by a non-Mexican company.
From Toward Improved Health: According to the article "Toward Improved Health" In 2000 for the first time in the US Census there were categories that show a combination of racial categories. These categories include:
Mark one or more
From Characteristics Pacific Islanders: Which Pacific Islander subgroup has the highest rate of poverty?
Marshallese
As stated in Laveist Chapter 1 due to the increase in a diversity within the United States .....What we now call minority health will become the _______________.
Nation's Health
The smallest race group was the _________________________ alone population, with 448,000 members, representing less than 0.2% of the U.S. population.
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
From Characteristics Pacific Islanders: What is the largest Pacific Islander subgroup in the US?
Native Hawaiians
Americans of African descent have been enslaved for what share of the time since they first arrived (1619) to present (2004)?
Nearly two thirds of the time
According to the Agyemang reading, which is not an acceptable term to use for someone who is of African descent?
Negro
The author of "Labelling African Origin Populations in the Health Arena in the 21st Century," suggests which label should be phased out in health and public health writing?
Negro and Black
Which group has the lowest life expectancy of all groups at 74.6 years?
Non-Hispanic Blacks
Which of the following is NOT a common measure of socioeconomic status in the U.S.?
Occupational prestige
From Contextual Asian American Health: In general, the first wave of immigrants from South Asia came based on ___________, while the second wave came based on____________.
Occupational skills; family reunification
Within the readings there is an example of ________________ behind many of the ethnic and racial differences in healthcare, which is often not easily explained. The example provided states:why in comparison with the UK population as a whole, is hypertension so common in African Caribbeans but coronary heart disease is less common?
Paradoxes
Check the answer that *DOES NOT* apply: How does the historical legacy of racial discrimination affect health in the U.S.?
People of color have different genetic makeup than Whites, which make them more susceptible to the health effects of racial discrimination.
(Check all that apply) What were the findings from Sheldon Cohen's cold studies? Students must check all 3 responses that apply in order to receive full credit.
People with higher levels of stress were more likely to develop cold symptoms than those with lower levels of stress. People with higher SES had lower levels of cortisol (a stress hormone) than people with lower SES. People whose parents owned a house during childhood were less likely to develop colds than people whose parents did not own a house during childhood.
From the article: "7 Major Immigration Myths Debunked: Forbes" U.S. involvement in Cuba, the __________and the Dominican Republic in the early the 20th century was a critical factor in the movement of citizens from those countries to America.
Philippines
The criminal justice system has been recognized increasingly as a threat to:
Physical and mental health.
Which health outcome was examined in the macaque monkey study?
Plaque surrounding the arteries
In 1896, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the "separate but equal" doctrine in the case:
Plessy v. Ferguson
According to the article "This is Why Poor People's Bad Decisions Make Perfect Sense," why do poor people make what others would consider "short-sighted" decisions?
Poor people seek to find small comforts in a life that often lacks comfort. Poor people are more likely than higher-income people to believe that multiple minor decisions won't change one's long-term outcomes. Poor people often experience depression caused by constant fatigue.
In the absence of a direct measure of weathering, investigators have studied diverse health indicators such as:
Pregnancy outcome, excess mortality and disability
From Puerto Rico's Invisible Health Crisis: What prompted the US government to remove the US Navy presence from Vieques?
Protests
From American Indian Poverty there is good reason to suspect that discrimination may also be partially to blame, even within economically diverse contexts. What type of discrimination does the author refer to?
Race/Ethnic Discrimination
A growing body of evidence suggest that there are two forms of discrimination that are toxic to the cells, organs and minds of those who experience it. What are those two forms of discrimination?
Racial and Sexual
According to the "Who is Latino?" reading, which of the following Latino groups is close to taking a spot in the top three Latino groups in the country?
Salvadorans
From Native Hawaiian and PI HD: Why should statements about the health of Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders be interpreted with caution?
Sample sizes of this group are very small
Why does the protagonist of "This is Your Stressed-Out Brain on Scarcity," Lauren, regret going on welfare?
She experiences a great deal of stress and migraines due to added burdens of the mandatory work preparedness program.
According to the Stressed Out: Americans Tell Us About Stress in Their Lives article, while there are many physical responses to stress, which is the most common?
Sleeping less than usual
According to the "Seven Major Immigration Myths Debunked" reading, which of the following taxes do many immigrants pay?
Social Security taxes Local taxes Real estate taxes Sales taxes
There were several key organizers in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. They understood that improving the ______________position of African Americans required an end to both race and class based injustices.
Socioeconomic
According to an article from our readings one way proactive policing is sanctioned constitutionally is through a tactic known as:
Terry Stops
From the Film Going Beyond Race Within the film Dr. Jones states a certain type of prevention is defined as stopping the complications from disease although the disease is already there. i.e. preventing amputations from diabetes. What is the name of this prevention?
Tertiary Prevention
What does a rate ratio of 1.5 mean, when comparing the death rate of Hispanics/Latinos to the death rate of Whites?
The Hispanic/Latino death rate is 1.5 times greater than that of Whites.
From Levels of Racism article: Within the article Levels of Racism the author discusses a "Gardener's Tale" the author explains that their initial discovery/observation about the soil provided a real life illustration of :
The Importance of the Environment
One policy that enabled tribes to enter into compacts with the federal and state governments to start casino-style gaming on their reservations included:
The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act
Why did the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, a study of 600 black men, 2/3 of whom had syphilis, end?
The NAACP filed a class-action law suit that ended in a settlement.
Disadvantaged people of color experience higher rates of illness and mortality because they have lower SES than Whites. This information is based on ___________.
The Social Gradient in Health
Even though the number of births per woman had been near an all time low during the 1990's, the population continued to grow in part because of:
The children and grandchildren of the huge baby-boom generation.
Which of the following systems does stress affect?
The heart The brain The immune system
According to the article, "Like All Animals, We Need Stress. Just Not Too Much," which of the following systems does stress affect?
The heart The brain The immune system
Which is the main cause of high infant mortality rates among African American women?
The lifelong effect of racism
From Characteristics of Asian Americans: Why can many common health data sets not be used to study Asian American health disparities?
The sample size for Asian Americans is too small.
Why was there a spike in suicide rates among Alaska Natives when Alaska became a state?
The spike in suicide rates after statehood is merely a coincidence. Takeover of rural governance by the state from the federal government (Bureau of Indian Affairs). Influx of residents and wealth after the discovery of oil in the state. Settlement of land claims by the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act.
From: When Labels Don't Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity When it comes to describing their identity, most Hispanics prefer:
Their family's country of origin
What best describes the findings from the class lab experiment in the film "Race: The Power of an Illusion - Differences Between Us"?
There were more mitochondrial DNA differences between students of the same race than between students of different races.
According to the "Unnatural Causes - Collateral Damage" film, why do Ebeye residents experience the "worst of both worlds"?
They experience illnesses that are common to both developing and industrialized nations.
According to the article, "This is Why Poor People's Bad Decisions Make Perfect Sense," why do poor people smoke?
They take comfort in smoking at a tool to mitigate anger and fatigue.
Which of the following amendments to the US Constitution outlawed slavery in the US and all of its territories?
Thirteenth Amendment
Treaties between the U.S. government and the various American Indian tribes typically promised:
Treaties between the U.S. government and the various American Indian tribes typically promised education and health care. Laveist Chapter 1
Penguins have more genetic variation than humans.
True
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 eliminated discriminatory election practices.
True
True or false, one can be considered one race in the US and a different race in another country?
True
Tsetse flies have more genetic variation than humans.
True
True or False The U.S. population is becoming more racially and ethnically diverse.
True page 18 The U.S. population is becoming more racially and ethnically diverse.
According to the Jones AJPH article (2014), which diseases plagued the American Indians in the pre-Columbus era?
Tuberculosis
From: When Labels Don't Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity Most Hispanics don't see themselves fitting into the standard racial categories used by the:
U.S. Census Bureau
Which of the following statements is true about Hispanics/Latinos and homicide?
US-born Hispanics/Latinos are more likely to be victims or perpetrators of homicide than Hispanic/Latino immigrants.
When talking about racism, implicit bias means a (an) _____ attitude toward a person or group.
Unconscious
From the Film Going Beyond Race Dr. Jones mentions "health services"...and how our whole conversation in our nation has been about health reform and has really been about trying to get:
Universal access to high quality healthcare
From Characteristics Pacific Islanders: What are citizens of the US territories in the Pacific NOT allowed to do because of their legal status, check all that apply?
Use federal welfare programs Vote in US presidential elections
As stated in the article from Shrestha-when we focus on the changing age profile: Unusual bulges or bites in population pyramids are usually caused by short-term fluctuations in birth and death rates that can be traced to such historical events as:
Wars, epidemics, economic booms, or depressions.
According to a Pew Research Center survey which racial/ethnic group of parents is most likely to express stress?
White
According to "The Health Toll of Immigration" reading, which of the following describes Hispanic/Latino immigrants' relationship with fast food?
With demanding work schedules, fast food is convenient. Fast food is often the best way to get a lot of food cheaply.
From America by the Numbers: Based on the film "America by the Numbers: Pass or Fail in Cambodia Town" (and what you have learned about the social gradient in health), which of the following patterns would you predict?
Worse health outcomes among Southeast Asians than South Asians
Based on the "Unnatural Causes - Collateral Damage" film, the lure of jobs on the Kwajelein military base represents:
a "pull" factor that draws more residents to the island of Ebeye (and/or keeps them there)
According to "King's Dream Remains an Elusive Goal: Many Americans See Racial Disparities", among all Americans, what is the most common response to the question of how much more progress toward racial equality needs to be made?
a lot
From Toward Improved Health: According to "Toward Improved Health" Asian Americans and Native Hawaiians/Pacific Islanders often use what type of medical therapies?
alternative
Which group has the highest allostatic load score?
black women
From the Film Going Beyond Race Dr. Jones mentions capitalism....and explains that capitalism creates what?
class structure
Which disease ranks as the seventh-leading cause of death for all adults living in the United States.
diabetes
Which of the following causes of death is ranked much higher as a leading cause of death for Hispanic/Latina females than for White females?
diabetes
When we think of trying to lower the risk of mortality what is a well-known risk factor for virtually every single chronic Illness?
diet
According to Getting Real about Race.....Hypertension prevalence for other ethnoracial groups is higher, hovering around 21% to 25%, or between 1 in 5 and 1 in 4 cases.
false
According to the "Health of Hispanic Adults: United States, 2010-2014" reading, Hispanics (overall) were more likely to have multiple chronic conditions, relative to the non-Hispanic U.S. population as a whole.
false
According to the "The Contrarians on Stress: It Can Be Good for You" article, people who find their work boring do not feel as stressed from work as those who feel overworked do.
false
According to the "The Health Toll of Immigration" article, Hispanic/Latino immigrants have better outcomes than American-born Hispanics/Latinos despite higher prevalence of smoking among immigrants.
false
According to the "Unnatural Causes - Collateral Damage" film, the dislocation of Marshallese residents by the U.S. government was NOT harmful to their health because they were able to retain most of their cultural practices.
false
According to the "Who is Latino?" reading, immigration is the most important political issue to Hispanics
false
According to the NYT article entitled, "How Prejudice Can Harm Your Health," Black women who experienced more instances of discrimination were not any more likely to develop breast cancer than their less discriminated peers.
false
According to the NYT article entitled, "How Prejudice Can Harm Your Health," racial stressors have the same negative effect on health as non-racial stressors.
false
Beginning with census 2000, respondents of all races were asked if they were Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino, and were never given the opportunity to differentiate between different Spanish cultures or origins.
false
From America by the Numbers: According to the film "America by the Numbers: Pass or Fail in Cambodia Town," South Asians and Southeast Asians are very similar in terms of educational achievement.
false
From Characteristics Pacific Islanders: True or false, Pacific Islanders lag behind the US in general in completion of high school.
false
From Characteristics of Asian Americans: True or false, as the Asian American population continues to grow they will become more concentrated in urban areas that have historically had high concentrations of Asian Americans.
false
From Contextual Asian American Health: True or false, California is no longer the state with the most Asian Americans?
false
From Contextual Asian American Health: True or false, when the Chinese Exclusionary Act was passed there was precedence for it because there were several other laws specifically excluding people of a certain race/ethnicity for immigrating to the US.
false
From Levels of Racism article: If you are a person of a marginalized group, you cannot exhibit internalized racism.
false
From Levels of Racism article: True or False: The final take home message from the Gardener's Tale within the article Levels of Racism was an illustration of the relationship between the 4 levels of racism.
false
From Levels of Racism article: True or False: Personally mediated racism can be seen as intentional and not unintentional.
false
From Levels of Racism article: True of False: Personally mediated racism is defined as prejudice and harassment.
false
From Native Hawaiian and PI HD: True or false, because tradition Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander cultures perceive large body size as healthy and attractive, a larger portion of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders living in traditional societies are obese.
false
From Pinpointing Asian Mortality Advantage: Asian women contribute more to the Asian mortality advantage than Asian men.
false
From Rise of Americans: As of 2012, most Asian-American adults were born in the United States.
false
From Toward Improved Health: True or False From "Toward Improved Health" For example, Vietnamese women have the lowest rate of cervical cancer among women of all racial and ethnic categories with the exception of Blacks that have the second lowest rate.
false
From Toward Improved Health: True or False: Healthcare factors and the process of adjustment to living in the United States also have an impact on health and mental health.
false
From Toward Improved Health: True or False: With the changes in the US Census Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander communities are not concerned about being undercounted in the census.
false
From Toward Improved Health: True or False: Even in cases where the health problem has been identified, doctors recommend similar therapies for Asians and non-Asians,
false
From Toward Improved Health: True or False: The 2000 census, with its option for respondents to mark 1 or more race categories,is the first US census to recognize the multiethnic nature of all US populations but especially African Americans.
false
From the Article: Barriers to Gender Transition-Related Healthcare: Identifying Underserved Transgender Adults in Massachusetts True or False Within the article the author talks bout private insurers. For transgender people who are insured, private insurers have historically included coverage for medical interventions related to gender transition.
false
From the Article: Barriers to Gender Transition-Related Healthcare: Identifying Underserved Transgender Adults in Massachusetts Many transgender individuals have health insurance, which may be due, in part, to the higher prevalence of employment in unique fields and they are often sought after by employers.
false
From the Article: Social Determinants of Health: Future Directions for Health Disparities Research True or False: Identifying how adverse exposures affect the mind and body and how they lead to illness and disease is an area rich for exploration.
false
From the Article: Social Determinants of Health: Future Directions for Health Disparities Research True or False: In 2015, the National Institutes on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) engaged in a five-year science visioning process for health disparities and convened a series of workshops aimed at identifying promising research directions.
false
From the Film Going Beyond Race Dr. Jones mentions that primary prevention. True or False Dr. Jones explained that primary preventions include community healthcare services readily available.
false
From the Film Going Beyond Race True or False: The initial speaker Bob Blum in the film explained that the series they are hosting is about race, racism and healthcare.
false
From the article Factors Influencing the Development of Cultural Competence in Undergraduate Nursing Students True or False Students completed the surveys voluntarily and were asked to write their name on the survey in approximately 10 minutes, and they were advised to try and complete all of the questions even if it made them feel uncomfortable.
false
From the article Factors Influencing the Development of Cultural Competence in Undergraduate Nursing Students True or False The author concludes that further research should focus on identifying cost effective teaching and learning strategies using the concept of cultural awareness and cultural knowledge to increase students' exposures to individuals from other cultures.
false
From the article Factors Influencing the Development of Cultural Competence in Undergraduate Nursing Students True or False The study population was undergraduate students including Associate in Science in Nursing and RN-to Masters of Science in Nursing.
false
From the article Factors Influencing the Development of Cultural Competence in Undergraduate Nursing Students True or False The surveys were distributed to only specific students within the nursing program and designated six faculty researchers.
false
From the article: "7 Major Immigration Myths Debunked: Forbes" True or False Immigrant-led gentrification has revived neighborhoods from New Jersey to Los Angeles.
false
From the article: Health Outcomes in Young Adults From Foster Care and Economically Diverse Backgrounds True or False: The researcher sought to prospectively evaluate the risk of cardiovascular risk factors among adults formerly in foster care (FC)and adults from economically insecure (EI) and economically secure (ES) backgrounds in the general population.
false
From the article: Health Outcomes in Young Adults From Foster Care and Economically Diverse Backgrounds Within the article the author focuses on health outcomes in young adults from foster care. To support the research within the article the author makes the argument that there has been an overwhelming amount of work to determine whether foster youth are similarly vulnerable to increased health problems once they transition to adulthood.
false
From the article: Perceptions of intersectional stigma among diverse women living with HIV in the United States True or False According to the article HIV stigma may be more tolerated in marginalized groups experiencing multiple and converging forms of stigma
false
From the article: Perceptions of intersectional stigma among diverse women living with HIV in the United States True or False The characteristics of the study participants included both men and women that identified as black.
false
From: When Labels Don't Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity True or False Latinos see their native Spanish language as important, as opposed to the English language though in different ways
false
From: When Labels Don't Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity True or False Most Hispanics see a shared common culture among U.S. Hispanics.
false
From: When Labels Don't Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity U.S. Latinos tend to lean more conservative than the U.S. population overall because of the influence of Cuban-Americans who have supported Republicans for decades.
false
In the article, "Like All Animals, We Need Stress. Just Not Too Much," according to neurologist David London, people are experiencing more stress in modern times than in previous eras.
false
In the article, "This is Your Stressed-Out Brain on Scarcity," Lauren was reimbursed for her transportation to the work preparedness program she was required to attend to receive welfare.
false
Only low-SES (not middle class) African American women experience abnormally high infant mortality rates.
false
Racial/ethnic health disparities are only due to differences in socioeconomic status (SES) because after you control for SES, these disparities disappear.
false
Relative to other rich democratic nations in the world, the United States has very generous social policies.
false
Researchers have extensively looked into how Native Americans' exclusion from the labor market has influenced their socioeconomic status.
false
The Gila River has never been returned to the Pima Indians.
false
The government food commodity program offered to American Indians features healthy food.
false
True o False According to the readings, a minimum wage of $13.00 is not enough to allow all full-time, full-year workers to lift families of four out of poverty. Additional over-time and benefits need to be included.
false
True or False The organizers of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom were determined to focus their attention on specific demands. The decided their demands would only include decent housing, adequate and integrated education, and a federal jobs program for full employment.
false
True or False Overall, the burden of police contact in many cities within the United States (mentioned in the article Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Los Angeles, California, Chicago, Illinois)falls predominantly on young Black and White males, with significant disparities in police conduct across neighborhoods.
false
True or False Proactive police stops are predicated on low levels of suspicion and rarely result in arrest, summons, or seizure of contraband suggesting that the vast majority of individuals stopped have done something wrong.
false
True or False Researchers and healthcare professionals agree that the disparity in health between U.S. blacks and West Indian born blacks is one of the most challenging problems they are facing.
false
True or False: According to our readings "Black individuals may show the morbidity and mortality typical of a White individual who is significantly younger. "
false
True or False: According to the literature concerning race in 1749. The concept of race was introduced into psychological literature.
false
True or False: American Indians' high poverty rates are just the product of contemporary labor market or human capital inequities.
false
True or False: As referenced in one of the articles: Broad terms such as Black, African or Black African are still entrenched within scientific writings. Although there is much debate about these terms they are widely accepted and is neither offensive or inaccurate.
false
True or False: The characteristics that define ethnicity are however, fixed and do not change over time, which makes ethnicity difficult to measure and use in research.
false
True or false, American Indian and Alaska Native men, across the country, consume less fruits and vegetables than White men.
false
True or false, when adjusted for income the difference in allostatic load by race disappears.
false
U.S.-born African American women have similar rates of infant mortality as African-born women who live in the United States.
false
There were how many "Civilized Tribes" among the American Indian Tribes living in the Southeastern United Stated before forced relocation.
five
From Levels of Racism article: What is not a level of racism in the framework developed by Dr. Camara Jones?
historical
From Levels of Racism article: The author Dr. Camara Jones (readings) presents a theoretic framework for understanding racism on 3levels: institutionalized, personally mediated, and ______.
internalized
Communities that have more linguistically isolated households, which is indicative of traditional lifestyle, have ______ suicide rates among young men, compared to communities with less linguistically isolated households.
lower
According to "King's Dream Remains an Elusive Goal: Many Americans See Racial Disparities", about what share of African Americans say that they have experienced discrimination in the past year?
one-third
According to "King's Dream Remains an Elusive Goal: Many Americans See Racial Disparities", in 2012, Black men are about ____ times as likely as White men to be incarcerated.
six
According to an article from our readings one way proactive policing is sanctioned constitutionally is through a tactic known as:
terry stops
Which factor accounted for the loss of the Gila River among the Pima Indians?
the construction of the Coolidge Dam
From the Film Going Beyond Race Social Determinants of health that include our individual resources(Social Class) which include all of the above EXCEPT:
transportation
A majority of people believe stress has a major impact on most people's health, family life, and work lives.
true
According to Shrestha and Heisler (2011), there is more in-migration (into the U.S.) than out-migration (out of the U.S.)?
true
According to the "Health of Hispanic Adults: United States, 2010-2014" reading, Hispanic adults were more likely (than non-Hispanic adults) to report being in fair or poor health.
true
According to the "Seven Major Immigration Myths Debunked" reading, undocumented immigration slows down and nearly stops during recessions when there is less demand for labor.
true
According to the "Unnatural Causes - Place Matters" film, much like individual-level risk factors (i.e., diet), neighborhood-level risk factors (i.e., environmental hazards) can also influence risk of disease.
true
According to the researchers in the film, "Unnatural Causes - In Sickness and Wealth," control of destiny is an important social determinant of health.
true
After one generation, African-born women's infant mortality rates become similar to the infant mortality rates of U.S.-bornAfrican American women.
true
Based on the "Stressed, Tired, and Rushed: A Portrait of the Modern Family" article, most children live in households where both parents work outside the home.
true
From Characteristics Pacific Islanders: True or false, Pacific Islanders are the only racial/ethnic group in the US where there are more people who identify as two or more races than who identify as a single race.
true
From Levels of Racism article: True or False Dr. Jones(readings) explains that with regard to access to power, some examples include differential access to information (including one's own history and voting rights.
true
From Native Hawaiian and PI HD: True or false, the percentage of the Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders diagnosed with depressive disorder is higher than all other racial/ethnic groups.
true
From Toward Improved Health: True or False the Chinese understand Alzheimer's disease as an imbalance in the chi(source of life and energy).
true
From the ""Unnatural Causes - In Sickness and Wealth" film, we know that there is a wide range of life expectancy across various communities in Louisville.
true
From the Article: Barriers to Gender Transition-Related Healthcare: Identifying Underserved Transgender Adults in Massachusetts Insurance Coverage: True or False Participants were asked whether they had private, public, or no insurance.
true
From the Article: Barriers to Gender Transition-Related Healthcare: Identifying Underserved Transgender Adults in Massachusetts True or False Transgender people have a gender identity or expression that differs from their assigned birth sex.
true
From the Film Going Beyond Race True or False Dr. Jones explains that we must address the social determinants of health including poverty, in order to achieve large and sustained improvements in health outcomes.
true
From the Film Going Beyond Race True or False: The speaker Dr. Jones provided examples for health intervention by using a cartoon framework.
true
From the Film Going Beyond Race Within the film Dr. Jones explains social determinants of health is a way to move a person "away from the cliff."
true
From the article: "7 Major Immigration Myths Debunked: Forbes" True or False Business interests were key at various times in pushing for the legal hiring of Mexicans.
true
From the article: Health Outcomes in Young Adults From Foster Care and Economically Diverse Backgrounds True or False Foster youth have high rates of health problems in childhood.
true
From the article: Perceptions of intersectional stigma among diverse women living with HIV in the United States True or False: Women of color are at especially high risk of acquiring HIV have worse HIV care outcomes compared to White women.
true
From: When Labels Don't Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity The use of the words Hispanic and Latino are specific to the U.S.-context and are not widely used in other countries.
true
From: When Labels Don't Fit: Hispanics and Their Views of Identity True or False According to the Pew Research article When labels don't fit 2012 Hispanics are the nation's largest minority group.
true
It is likely that the Latinos will maintain survival advantage over non-Latino whites.
true
Latinos have a lower prevalence of smoking than non-Latino whites.
true
Many Hispanics/Latino immigrants often endorse the "American Dream" that you can get ahead in society through hard work.
true
Most children live in households where both parents work outside the home.
true
People who think positively about stress are more likely to be able to handle the effects of stress.
true
The exact date the first Africans arrived in the country is in dispute.
true
Thomas Jefferson and other men of his time initially had high levels of respect for American Indians (a.k.a., Native Americans).
true
True of False Heavy alcohol use is defined as drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on each of 5 or more days in the past 30 days.
true
True or False Age-adjusted death rates are better indicators (than crude rates) to measure mortality risk across time or across populations. Specifically, they show that, despite the fact that the U.S. population has been aging over the past half-century, the risk of mortality has actually been falling.
true
True or False As stated in Laveist Chapter 1, racial/ethnic minorities generally have a worse health status than Whites.
true
True or False LaVeist (1994) developed a conceptual model of race (which has become known as the physiognomy model of race and health).
true
True or False The growing number of illegal immigrants has given rise to a consensus that the immigration system is seriously flawed.
true
True or False Evidence of early health deterioration among Blacks and racial differences in health are evident at all socioeconomic levels.
true
True or False: How we treat one another, and how our institutions treat us, affects how long and how well we live.
true
True or False: Concentrated poverty is correlated with a host of social and economic challenges.
true
True or False: Current consensus is that race has comparatively little scientific value as there is more genetic variation within than between groups
true
True or False: Indian reservations are much like other minorities. They are living in disadvantaged rural or urban areas. Reservation economies are hurt by limited industrial diversity and a dearth of job opportunities caused by their geographic remoteness.
true
True or False: Stroke is a type of cerebrovascular disease that affects blood supply to the heart.
true
True or false, American Indian and Alaska Native females have higher rates of alcohol-attributable deaths than White males.
true
True or false, Hispanics/Latinos are the group most likely to identify as being of 2 or more races, in the 2000 census.
true
True or false, in the 1980s after many requests from rural communities, the Alaska state legislature passed laws allowing unincorporated communities to control alcohol.
true
True or false, the prevalence of binge and heavy drinking among American Indian and Alaska Native men, across the country, is the similar to the prevalence among White men.
true
U.S. infant mortality rates rank high relative to other wealthy countries.
true
Childhood poverty can cause chemical damage to children's developing brains.
true`
The "Trail of Tears" forcibly pushed American Indians in which direction?
west
Who is more likely to report other family members' health problems were a contributor to stress?
women
