Health Psych Chapter 14

_____ is a symptomless disease.

hypertension

Type II diabetes

is a non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

A systolic pressure consistently between 140 and 159 indicates

mild hypertension.

"John Henryism" is a personality predisposition

that enables a person to actively cope with psychosocial stressors.

Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs are used in cardiac rehabilitation

to resist the effects of sympathetic nervous system stimulation.

Which of the following best predicts compliance with a diabetic treatment regimen?

training diabetics in self-management and problem-solving skills

________ is a useful indicator of the functional capacity of recovering myocardial infarction patients.

treadmill test

According to a study by Lawlor et al. (2005), risk factors for heart disease begin to cluster by age ________ for those low in socioeconomic status (SES).

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Depression in people who are hostile and in African Americans is likely to be closely linked to

C-reactive protein

Which of the following best describes unmitigated communion?

It is an extreme focus on others.

Which of the following statements is true about diastolic pressure?

It is the pressure in the arteries when the heart is relaxed.

Which of the following statements is true of the impact of social factors on coronary heart disease (CHD)?

Migrants have a high incidence of CHD.

In the context of cardiac rehabilitation, which of the following statements is true of social support?

Social support predicts a decreased likelihood of smoking.

In the context of coronary heart disease (CHD), which of the following statements is true about women?

They experience an increased risk of CHD after menopause.

Coronary heart disease is

a disease of modernization

The personality quality "agency" is associated with

a focus on oneself.

Which of the following instruments is used to assess hypertension?

a sphygmomanometer

Which of the following factors is an indication of high risk for diabetes?

abnormal glycemic responsiveness to stress

According to a study by Troxel et al. (2003), ________ are disproportionately exposed to chronic stress and are at an elevated risk for coronary heart disease (CHD).

african americans

According to the research by Gallacher et al., (1999) and Boyle et al., (2004), which of the following emotions increases the risk of heart disease, predicts poor likelihood of survival, and acts as a potential trigger for heart attacks.

anger

Sudden death from heart attack is most likely to occur

at home

Men and women in the United States face a similar chance of developing hypertension

between ages 55 and 64

Cognitive-behavioral techniques

can be used without supervision and have no side effects.

CPR is

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

According to a study of hypertension risk factors by Ewart (1991), a family environment that fosters ________ contributes to hypertension.

chronic anger

Which of the following personality qualities reflects a positive caring orientation to others?

communion

People who are diagnosed with hypertension are advised to

consume low-sodium foods

________ remains an underdiagnosed and untreated contributor to coronary heart disease (CHD) morbidity and mortality.

depression

Patients with myocardial infraction are treated in a(n) ________ unit where their cardiac functioning is continually monitored.

coronary care

The number-one killer in the United States, accounting for one out of every four deaths, is

coronary heart disease

Raj, who complains of chest pain, is admitted to a hospital. The diagnosis reveals that his blood vessels have narrowed and the flow of oxygen and nourishment to his heart is partially obstructed. He is most likely suffering from

coronary heart disease.

Which of the following is a risk factor for coronary heart disease?

diabetes

Patients with right-brain damage due to stroke typically suffer

difficulty in processing visual feedback.

________ involves a delicate balance between insulin production and insulin responsiveness.

glucose metabolism

The prevalence of hypertension among lower-income African Americans is most likely due to

greater body mass.

Which of the following job factors are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD)?

high work demands and low control

The risk factors for stroke

include cigarette smoking

Stroke patients with right-brain damage suffer a condition called alexithymia, which is characterized by

indifference to one's situation

Which of the following statements is true of depression?

it is an independent risk factor for CHD

Which of the following statements is true about hostility in people?

likely to cause marital strain when it is provided by the spouse.

Gerard is obese around the waist. He has high blood pressure and low levels of good cholesterol. These are symptomatic of

metabolic syndrome

The combination of obesity centered around the waist, high blood pressure, high levels of triglycerides, and low levels of HDL cholesterol are symptomatic of

metabolic syndrome

Cardiac invalidism occurs when

patients and their spouses underestimate a patient's physical abilities.

In a study of cardiac invalidism (Taylor et al., 1985), wives' perceptions of their husbands' cardiac and physical efficiency were highest when they had

personally experienced the treadmill task themselves.

Individuals who are high in hostility

show exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity.

During the initial treatment for myocardial infarction, a patient who copes by using denial is likely to have

reduced anxiety

Depression is typically treated with Prozac, which is a(n)

serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

________ are the most common drugs prescribed for patients following an acute coronary event or a stroke, particularly if they have elevated lipids.

statins

Which of the following statements is true of stroke?

stroke risk factors overlap with those who have diabetes

Cynical hostility is characterized by

suspiciousness

Successful cardiac rehabilitation depends critically on

the patient's active participation and commitment

Poor adherence to diabetic regimens by people with Type II diabetes is most often a result of

their unawareness of the health risks

________ refers to chronically searching the environment for potential threats.

vigilant coping

Hostile people exhibit a ________ response to sympathetic activity in response to stress.

weak antagonistic