health psych exam 2
What term is used to refer to a social relationship that involves high levels of both positivity and negativity?
ambivalent
Which of the following is not thought to be involved in hypnosis?
an increase in muscle tension followed by a decrease in muscle tension
What is meant by stress buffering?
A process in which a psychosocial factor promotes health mainly or only when the person is experiencing stress.
Which of the following best describes the concept of hostility that has been used in health research?
A tendency to be cynical and distrusting
Which of the following statements is true?
Antibodies respond to antigens.
According to Frasure-Smith (2005), what form of intervention was involved in the Enhancing Recovery in the Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) study, and what were the results?
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy; the intervention did not affect cardiac outcomes
Which of the following is a personality characteristic that appears to promote physical health through behavioral rather than physiological processes?
Conscientiousness
What anatomical feature of the immune system helps explain how its activity can effect all parts of the body?
It is wide spread throughout the body
Why is it difficult to draw cause-effect conclusions regarding the positive health effects of being married?
It is possible that initially healthy people are more likely to get married.
Which of the following involves a kind of memory system?
Primary and secondary immunity
What aspect of Hippocrates and Galen's theory of health-related personality traits is not valid today?
Their ideas about biology (the humors)
How would you describe the relationship between psychosocial factors that are personal characteristics and those that are social characteristics?
They are not entirely separate and distinct
What is dispositional optimism?
a generalized expectancy for good outcomes
Which of the following is not one of the 4 main "traditional/biomedical" risk factors for coronary heart disease?
alcohol consumption
Which of the following are thought to involve operant conditioning?
behavior modification and biofeedback
What are the three main factors that are the focus of cognitive-behavioral approaches to stress/pain management?
cognition, behavior, emotion
What component of the immune system is responsible for sickness behavior?
cytokines
In what sense is a major component of the immune system selective?
different components respond in a specific manner to different antigens
What kinds of beliefs are thought to cause negative emotions according to the principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy?
dysfunctional beliefs
What are the four major forms of interaction linking psychosocial factors with stress?
exposure; appraisal; coping; biology
Humans are social beings as a consequence of _____.
their evolved human nature
Which of the following cell types is involved in nonspecific immunity?
granulocytes
What is thought to be the physiological response to transcendental meditation?
increased parasympathetic nervous system activity
What is another word for tangible social support?
instrumental support
What is coronary artery disease?
narrowing of blood vessels that supply the heart
Are all psychosocial characteristics related to physical health?
no
Do all psychosocial factors act as stress moderators?
no
Which of the following is not one of the traits of the Big Five Model of personality?
optimism
What term refers to the magnitude of a person's biological response to stress?
physiological reactivity
What now it thought to be the critical effective ingredient responsible for the positive effects of written emotional expression?
putting ones' feelings into words
Which of the following refers to a kind of depression-like state that can be caused by the immune system?
sickness behavior
Social support promotes health when _____, whereas social network promotes health _____.
stress is high; whether stress is high or low
Social network refers to the _____ of social relationships, whereas social support refers to the ____ of social relationships.
structure; function
What is it that makes breathing more or less efficient?
the extent to which the lungs are filled during inhalation