Health: Unit One-Unit 7

Give an example of how a clinical psychologist might treat someone diagnosed with a mood disorder.

A clinical psychologist may suggest that someone with a mood disorder set up an appointment with a psychiatrist to get medication to stabilize or assist with mood swings. The psychologist might also teach the client different strategies for handling stressful situations and/or techniques to stabilize mood issues

How can a decision impact others?

Every decision has consequences that affect the person making the decision as well as others involved. These consequences can be immediate or long-lasting. The consequences of decisions can be positive, negative, or a combination of both.

Abraham Maslow developed his hierarchy of needs by studying people in poor health.

False

An individual will only feel stress in negative situations.

False

Listing the things you have tried to accomplish without success is one way to improve your self-esteem.

False

Those with high self-esteem are highly critical of their strengths and weaknesses.

False

When making decisions, you should not worry about how your decision will affect others.

False

List the environmental factors that affect your self-esteem.

Family, school, friends, and media are all environmental factors that affect someone's self-esteem. An environmental factor is an external factor from a person's surroundings

Identify the characteristics of a physically healthy person.

A physically healthy person eats healthy food, exercises regularly, avoids harmful habits, prevents injuries, and gets adequate rest each day.

Which of the following is most likely to create depression? A. traumatic life experiences B. extreme wealth C. regular exercise D. religious beliefs

A.

Economic factors in decision making fall under the category of __________. A. external factors B. internal factors C. decision impacts D. consequence types

A. External Factors

Lifestyle diseases are caused by a combination of __________. A. heredity, unhealthy behaviors, and the environment B. lifestyle choices, the environment, and current epidemics C. your habits, your diet, and your friends D. the environment, your history, and current medications taken

A. Heredity, unhealthy behaviors and the environment

Many times the media will broadcast images that can lead to __________. A. negative self-esteem B. an accurate view of reality C. realistic expectations D. a positive self-concept

A. Negative self-esteem

Which of these factors does NOT significantly affect our wellness? A. number of siblings B. heredity C. environment D. culture

A. Number of Siblings

Positive, short-term, motivating, and inspiring stress is called __________. A. distress B. eustress C. adrenaline D. stressor

B.

The most basic level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs are __________ needs. A. physical B. social C. self-actualization D. esteem

A. physical

Which of the following is NOT a necessary step to effectively prioritize goals? A. determining a set of tasks for each goal B. deciding which goals are most important C. outlining goals D. organizing goals into categories

A.Determining a set of tasks for each goal

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, explain what needs must be met in order for a person to reach self-actualization.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a person's basic physical needs for food and water and safety needs need to be met first. Once these needs are met, a person can then focus on their social needs, which is the need for love, affection, and acceptance. Then a person can focus on esteem needs, which is the need to have self-respect and the ability to achieve one's goals. Once all of these needs are met, a person reaches self-actualization

Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs, explain why someone who is financially stable is more likely to be focused on social experiences than someone who does not have enough money to buy his or her next meal.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, an individual whose safety and physical needs are met is able to focus more on social needs. A person who is hungry is often unable to focus on his or her need for love or acceptance until this basic need is met

What is the purpose of an action plan?

An action plan can identify ways that milestones and short-term goals can be reached while working toward a long-term goal.

Explain why anxiety can sometimes be a necessary and healthy feeling.

Anxiety is a biological response to stress. Normal levels of anxiety can temporarily help stimulate your mind and body to help you perform in difficult situations or to escape danger. It is only when the anxiety is sustained over longer periods of time that negative consequences occur

Which statement BEST describes managing one's emotions? A. Emotions cannot be managed effectively. B. Emotions can be accepted and expressed in a healthy way. C. Emotions can be managed best by ignoring them. D. Emotions can be managed best by losing control of them.

B

In general, anxiety disorders __________. A. only occur in families with a history of these disorders B. have symptoms that can be treated with therapy and medication C. involve less anxiety than most normal people experience D. are not affected by a healthy diet and regular exercise

B.

According to the lecture, all of the following are examples of environmental factors that influence mental health disorders EXCEPT: A. death B. brain damage C. divorce D. substance abuse

B. Brain damage

Which of these is NOT a routine decision? A. what time to go to bed at night B. deciding to end a relationship C. what to have for dinner D. what to wear to school

B. Deciding to end a relationship

Which of the following is an important hygiene practice for your nails? A. polish and paint B. regular trimming C. moisturizing D. periodic removal of entire nail

B. Regular Trimming

Which group is more susceptible to hormonal changes? A. toddlers B. teenagers C. men D. married women

B. Teenagers

Give a summary of the guidelines for using sunscreen to prevent overexposure.

Be sure to buy sunscreen of at least 15 SPF and apply it to all areas of the skin that will be exposed to sunlight at least 20 minutes before going outside. Generally, sunscreen should be reapplied every 2 hours. If you exercise moderately, sweat, or swim during that time, you should reapply more often.

Explain how someone can have a sense of belonging while remaining independent.

Being independent means that you have the ability to make confident decisions about your life and that you're responsible for your own behavior. Having a sense of belonging means that you feel like you belong to a bigger group, such as a family or community. You can remain independent and make confident decisions about your own life while participating in a larger community

Which of the following statements BEST describes paranoid schizophrenia? A. includes aggressive and destructive behaviors B. involves laying motionless for hours C. includes having illusions and hallucinations D. none of the above

C.

Someone who promotes health and chooses safe, healthy, and legal behaviors is demonstrating which of the following skills? A. being a critical thinker B. being a problem solver C. being responsible D. being an effective communicator

C. Being Responsible

Which statement is TRUE about genetics and environment? A. Genetics influences self-esteem more than the environment. B. The environment influences self-esteem more than genetics. C. Scientists agree that both genetics and environment are important in developing self-esteem. D. Scientists agree that both genetics and environment have little effect on self-esteem.

C. Scientists agree that both genetics and environment are important in developing self-esteem

An advertisement on the radio warning the public against the dangers of smoking is called a __________. A. public service declaration B. public health message C. public service announcement D. public health initiative

C. public health message

Justify why children often have the same habits and mannerisms as their parents.

Children often have the same habits and mannerisms of their parents for two main reasons. Children inherit specific genetic characteristics from their parents, which can include intelligence and reasoning abilities, preferences for various activities, etc. Children also adopt some learned habits from their parents due to living in the same environment. These may include dieting behaviors, sleep patterns, emotional behaviors, etc

Compare and contrast conduct disorders with personality disorders.

Conduct disorders are most often specific to kids and teens. This type of disorder leads to aggressive, violent, and destructive behaviors. Those diagnosed with a conduct disorder often have low self-esteem and little guilt or remorse for their behavior. On the other hand, personality disorders can occur in all ages. People with this disorder chronically have a difficult time in their relationships, are usually inflexible, and have difficulty adapting to change

Change in diet, sleep patterns, and routine are all __________ signs of stress. A. physical B. emotional C. cognitive D. behavioral

D.

Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder? A. phobias B. post-traumatic stress disorder C. obsessive-compulsive disorder D. bulimia

D.

Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder? A. social anxiety disorder B. post-traumatic stress disorder C. obsessive-compulsive disorder D. partial suppression disorder

D.

One genetic factor that can influence your personality is __________. A. support B. love C. security D. aptitude

D. Aptitude

All of the following are true about emotions EXCEPT: A. Emotions are present in all people. B. Emotions are often expressed by body language. C. Emotions are reactions of the mind. D. Emotions only occur in some individuals.

D. Emotions only occur in some individuals

If you wanted to improve your health by making better lifestyle choices, what are five choices that you could make?

Getting 8 to 10 hours of sleep each night; eating a healthy breakfast; maintaining a healthy weight; being active for 30 minutes most days; avoiding tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs; managing stress; maintaining positive relationships; practicing safe behaviors, such as safe sex and wearing safety equipment.

Describe the key steps for maintaining healthy skin.

Healthy skin is the result of eating a healthy diet, washing frequently, avoiding oily products, and resisting the temptation to pick at skin blemishes.

What lifestyle choices can help reduce the risk of suicide?

Maintaining a healthy support group of friends and family, avoiding drugs and alcohol, and seeking treatment for depression can reduce one's risk of suicide

Explain how hereditary diseases are passed from one generation to another.

Hereditary diseases are passed from one generation to the next through the human gene structure called DNA. Children have very similar gene structures to their parents, so traits, appearance, and diseases are often passed from parents to children.

Discuss how self-esteem level has been linked to perceived successes and failures in life.

High self-esteem has been linked to success in making and meeting goals where those with low self-esteem have difficulty making and achieving goals. Overall, those with high self-esteem have reported greater fulfillment in life, while those who lack esteem often make poor decisions regarding their social relationships and other decisions involving their surrounding environment

Provide an example of how mental and emotional health can affect behavior.

If an individual is mentally and emotionally healthy, he or she is better able to handle difficult life challenges or problems because individuals who are mentally and emotionally healthy are likely to have a positive outlook, higher self-esteem, and feel a sense of belonging and purpose. However, if your emotional and mental health is poor, you're more likely to be negative and not cope well with everyday stresses, such as losing a job

What is the most important step you can take if someone you know may be thinking about suicide?

If someone you know is considering suicide, talk with them about your observations and demonstrate your support for them. It may be important to tell others about the problem if they refuse to get help

Describe steps you can take if you have difficulty falling asleep.

Important steps to help people fall asleep include establishing a bedtime routine, making sure your bed is comfortable, blocking out extra light and noise, and exercising regularly.

Compare the most likely cause of death for an individual born in 1900 and an individual born in 2006.

In 1900, communicable diseases, like pneumonia, TB, influenza, chicken pox, and polio, were the most common causes of death. In 2006, lifestyle diseases, like cancer, heart disease, and stroke, were the most common causes of death.

List some things that you can do to help improve your own self-esteem.

In order to build up self-esteem, you should strive to be honest, trustworthy, and sincere in your actions. These characteristics are all associated with strengthening your integrity. You can also engage in positive self-talk and give yourself compliments daily. Additionally, it is important to choose good friends that accept who you are and support you. Lastly, gain self-acceptance. Accepting your own strengths and weaknesses is important in improving your self-esteem.

Describe internal factors of decision making.

Internal factors that affect decision making include attitude, emotions, and ethics. Attitude is how you react when faced with making a decision. It is best to have a positive attitude because it often helps one see more options as well as make decision making easier. Next, decisions can also be made based on how you feel. This emotional decision making can lead to poor decisions or roadblocks and should generally be avoided. The last factor is ethics. Ethics influence the way you live and an ethically motivated person will make decisions based on what they believe is just and fair. Values, goals, and priorities are the foundation upon which wise decisions are made.

List and describe three common defense mechanisms.

It is common to go into denial, which is the unconscious lack of acknowledgment of something that is obvious to others. Suppression is pushing unpleasant experiences from one's mind. Repression is pushing unpleasant thoughts from the conscious mind. Projection is attributing your faults and feelings to others. Finally, compensation is making up for your weaknesses by giving gifts, hard work, and effort.

Explain why it is important to create measurable goals.

It is important to create measurable goals in order to determine the point at which the goal has been achieved. Also, a measurable goal can help improve motivation by allowing an individual to effectively track progress toward meeting the goal. This step-by-step tracking can also help an individual create a more efficient plan to achieve a goal, thereby increasing the likelihood that it will be achieved.

Describe the process for managing emotional stress.

It is important to express one's feelings and not hold them in. It is important to take care of yourself and listen to your body. Develop resilience, which is the ability to bounce back after emotional stress has occurred. Finally, keep things in perspective. This last step includes keeping a positive outlook.

What are three things you could do if you were asked to become an advocate for health and wellness?

Leading by example, volunteering my time, and raising public awareness by creating public service announcements are three things I can do if I were asked to become an advocate for health and wellness

Compare and contrast mental health and emotional health.

Mental illness is related to a person's ability to deal with the demands of daily life. We all face ups and downs; coping with these fluctuations is a measure of our mental health. Emotional health refers to one's ability to express feelings in an appropriate manner. Emotions are part of being human, but an inability to express them can lead to difficulties in life.

How can good self-esteem help you through difficult situations?

People with good self-esteem are often better able to accept challenges and overcome any perceived failures. If difficult times arise, those with high self-esteem are more likely to ask others around for assistance and tend to believe in an overall positive outcome, which is beneficial when overcoming challenges

Describe the major differences between a person with good wellness and one heading toward premature death.

People with wellness have maintained balance between the six dimensions of health over a long period of time. Everyone has their ups and downs in various parts of their lives, but striving to improve the six dimensions of health at all times is the sign of a person with wellness. On the other hand, when the six dimensions of health are not properly maintained, premature death is often the result.

Why are poor decisions made?

Poor decisions are made when people have poor decision-making skills, when they do not consider the consequences of their decisions, when they do not understand all the factors involved in decisions, when they make decisions based on emotion, or when they make decisions impulsively.

Explain how poor physical health may affect your social health.

Poor physical health can result in an unhealthy body composition, which in turn, may lower your self-esteem. A low self-esteem makes it more difficult to create healthy social bonds. Poor physical health may also make it more difficult to participate in many social activities.

Compare and contrast the roles of a psychologist with a psychiatrist.

Psychiatrists obtain a medical degree and are able to prescribe medications to clients, while psychologists are not. Both a psychologist and a psychiatrist treat clients with mental illnesses. They often work together when treating a patient and focus on providing strategies to make the client's life more manageable

Define and describe the different types of risk factors.

Risk factors are anything that increase your chances of injury, illness, or health problems. There are two types or risk factors: controllable and uncontrollable. Uncontrollable risk factors are those like age, gender, race, etc., which you cannot change. Controllable risk factors relate to your situation or behavior choices.

Describe the decision-making process STRONG.

S: State the issue. What decisions need to be made? T: Think about your list of options. What's important? Are there possible alternatives? R: Rate the consequences for each option (HELP).O: Organize your thoughts. Reflect on your values.N: Narrow down the possibilities to one and act on it.G: Go over your decision. Did you achieve the desired outcome? Do you need to make changes?

Heart disease is a hereditary risk factor in Jamal's family. Describe and discuss what kinds of behavioral choices he could make to reduce his risk of developing this disease.

Sedentary lifestyle, drug and alcohol use, tobacco use, and poor diet are factors he can control. Unacceptable examples would include: Heredity, age, or gender

Describe what self-esteem is.

Self-esteem involves having self-respect and believing that one is worthy and valuable. It can be measured as high or low, depending if one feels they are likable and loving or not. Those having high self-esteem generally feel happier or optimistic, set and work toward goals, etc. Someone with low self-esteem may generally feel insecure, depressed, needy, etc

Why is it important to set realistic goals?

Setting realistic goals is important because it keeps an individual's motivation up. An individual who sets unrealistic goals is more likely to become discouraged through the process and is therefore more likely to give up on the goal. By setting realistic goals, an individual can maintain motivation and stick to established timelines, culminating in the successful completion of a goal.

Why does a lack of sleep affect your body's performance?

Sleep is required for the body to recover from the day's activities. If you don't rest the body adequately, the by-products of the previous day will impair your ability to function effectively.

What are some of the basic emotions we all experience?

Some of the basic emotions people experience include anger, fear, happiness, sadness, guilt, love, and surprise.

Describe how moving to a new location and beginning a new job may be difficult for someone diagnosed with a personality disorder.

Someone diagnosed with a personality disorder has difficulty coping with or adapting to situations involving change. They also have difficulty establishing relationships with others. Therefore, someone with a personality disorder would have trouble moving to a new location and beginning a new job because both of these involve dealing with people and changing current circumstances

Describe the key factors in correcting a poor decision.

Stop-Think-Go. Stop and admit that you made a poor decision and don't cast blame on others. Think about whom you can talk to and discuss options to correct the situation. Go and do your best to correct the problem, which includes leaving the situation if necessary, reporting unsafe situations, and apologizing to those you have hurt.

What is the purpose of the sweat glands in our skin?

Sweat glands secrete liquid onto the surface of the skin when our body temperature rises. When the sweat evaporates, the skin and the body are cooled.

Explain the process of creating an effective list of tasks to accomplish a goal.

Tasks are activities that must be done on a daily or recurring basis in order to accomplish a goal. An individual who wishes to accomplish a goal must determine what tasks must be completed in order to reach the goal. An effective list of tasks will include the necessary steps an individual should take to reach the desired goal. For example, a student wishing to obtain a driver's license might set tasks for practicing driving, taking practice written tests for the driving exam, and reviewing the driving laws

Why are teenagers more susceptible to changing emotions?

Teenagers are more susceptible to mood changes because of the hormonal changes taking place in their bodies. There are chemical changes that result in the body as development occurs that, in turn, trigger mood changes.

How can stress actually be a good thing?

The body's initial reaction to stress keeps you alert, gives you a burst of energy, and allows you to face the challenge. It can protect you from harm and motivate you during the incident. It can also sharpen your concentration

Explain the three major causes that contribute to mental health disorders.

The exact causes of mental disorders are not fully understood, but the main causes are physical, psychological, and environmental factors. Physical factors are abnormalities in the body that occur due to physical damage. Brain damage, exposure to toxins, prenatal damage, poor nutrition, and genetic factors are just some of the examples of physical damage that can cause mental illness. Psychological issues are feelings or emotional stressors in life such as feelings of anxiety or loneliness. Environmental conditions that influence mental illness are unmanageable changes such as death or divorce, social and cultural expectations, and substance abuse

Summarize the main steps an individual should take when developing an action plan.

The first step in developing an action plan is to clarify the goal by visualizing an outcome, determining the goal's measurability, and by looking at possible difficulties that may arise in pursuing the goal. The second step is to create a list of possible actions by brainstorming as many ideas as possible. After this brainstormed list is developed, it should be analyzed and prioritized so that only the essential actions remain. These essential actions should be organized into a plan of sequenced steps. Finally, the plan should be monitored and reviewed to determine its effectiveness toward reaching a goal. If it can be improved, the plan should be adjusted to optimize results.

How can the media negatively affect self-esteem?

The media often does not accurately portray reality. Therefore, when individuals compare themselves to individuals portrayed in the media, they may begin to view themselves as unworthy or lacking in some way. Because the media often gives an inaccurate portrayal of an individual's life, an individual can develop unrealistic expectations. If these expectations are never met, then personal self-esteem can be negatively affected

What are some of the physical signs of stress?

The signs of stress include headache, dry mouth, heartburn, constipation, depression, and insomnia.

Describe the steps to managing one's emotions.

The steps to managing one's emotions are to recognize, accept, and control. It is important to recognize if you are sad, jealous, happy, or angry. Then it's important to accept that your feelings are valid and accept how you feel. Finally, controlling your emotions is very important. Some people react in a negative way, but those with strategies tend to control their emotions better.

Compare and contrast major depression with dysthymia depression.

The symptoms for these two types of depression are similar, but the dysthymia symptoms are less severe. In addition, major depression lasts for an indefinite period of time, while dysthymia depression only reoccurs for periods of a few days or weeks before fading away again

Describe the treatment options for someone with an anxiety disorder.

Therapy can be used to talk through thoughts and provide cognitive behavior treatment. Medications can help to regulate anxiety through chemical controls. Under the influence of hypnosis, the causes of anxiety can sometimes be alleviated. Finally, support groups can offer comfort and help in a nonjudgemental manner from others in similar situations

Cancer and diabetes are two common hereditary diseases.

True

Cutting class and getting bad grades could be a result of low self-esteem.

True

Eating a well-balanced diet helps to maintain healthy skin.

True

Emotions are reactions triggered by events or thoughts.

True

Every decision has consequences.

True

Heart disease and cancer were two of the most common causes of death in 2006.

True

Major contributing causes of mental health disorders are environmental conditions and situations.

True

One factor that can increase sensitivity to sunlight is genetics.

True

One reason poor decisions are often made is because of impulsiveness.

True

Physical health refers to the degree of functionality of a person's body.

True

Scientists agree that both genetic and environmental factors influence self-esteem.

True

Stress has an effect on every system of the body.

True

Stress is the body's automatic physical reaction to real or imagined forces.

True

The most common type of mental disorder is mood disorder.

True

Two components of your environment that can affect your wellness are peer influence and role models.

True

Discuss the importance of your peer group with regard for striving toward wellness.

We tend to make choices that are similar to those made by the people with whom we spend the most time. If your peer group values and strives for wellness, then you are likely to do the same. Conversely, if your peers have poor wellness, then you may also suffer.

Explain when you should seek treatment for depression.

When depression begins to affect your work and daily life, you should seek professional treatment

Explain why some people think that indirect sunlight will not cause skin damage.

When there are clouds or a window in between us and the sunlight, it's common to believe that all the ultraviolet radiation from the sun will be blocked. A large amount of the UV radiation is blocked, but we often make the mistake of staying outside longer on a cloudy day and getting sunburned

What are the features of general adaptation syndrome?

he three steps in the general adaptation syndrome are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Alarm is the fight-or-flight response. Your hormones surge, breathing becomes rapid and shallow, glucose is released, your heart rate increases, and your pupils dilate. The second part is resistance, which includes either fighting, where a stressor is taken head on, or flight, where a stressor is avoided. It includes how your body uses stored energy, hormones, minerals, and glucose to react. The final stage is exhaustion, also known as burn out. After prolonged stress, exhaustion kicks in and the ability to manage stress becomes low. At this point, the system of the body can become compromised due to prolonged exposure to the hormones involved with stress