HESI exam questions Nursing UACCB

A nurse is caring for a 3-week-old infant with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis who is severely dehydrated. What finding does the nurse expect when assessing the infant?

Depressed anterior fontanelle

Which autoimmune disease is directly related to the client's central nervous system?

Multiple Sclerosis

A nurse is caring for a client with an infection caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. The nurse should assess this client for responses associated with which illness?

Rheumatic fever

The nurse reviews the history of a neonate admitted to the nursery and discovers that the infant's mother was listed as gravida 1 para 1 before the baby was born. How should the nurse utilize these data in order to gather more information?

To consider that someone recorded the gravida and para incorrectly

A lithotripsy to break up renal calculi is unsuccessful, and a nephrolithotomy is performed. Which postoperative clinical indicator should the nurse report to the primary healthcare provider?

Urine output of 20 to 30 mL/hr

The nurse is educating the parent of a preschooler who has frequent nightmares. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the parent? Select all that apply.

You may keep the lights on, You may tuck a soft toy in with the child, You may talk to the child about his or her fears

A nurse prepares a client for insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter. What information can be obtained from monitoring the pulmonary artery pressure?

left ventricular function

The nurse is teaching parents about the side effects of immunization vaccines. What expected side effect associated with the Haemophilus influenzae (Hib) vaccine will the nurse include in the teaching?

low-grade fever

A 67-year-old man with type 2 diabetes sadly confides in the nurse that he has been unable to have an erection for several years. What is the best response by the nurse?

"You sound upset about not being able to have an erection."

A client is diagnosed with parathyroid dysfunction. Which serum calcium concentration in the client would support the diagnosis?

7.8 mg/dL

Which skin infection is caused by bacteria?

Folliculitis

Which step should the nurse follow for the administration of ear drops in children of 3 to 5 years of age?

Pull the auricle up and out.

A nurse suggests a crisis intervention group to a client experiencing a developmental crisis. The nurse knows that these groups are successful because of what?

The client is assisted in investigating alternative approaches to solving the identified problem.

A male client diagnosed with bipolar disorder is prescribed medication that has caused a decreased libido. Which drugs would be appropriate to be prescribed by the primary healthcare provider to treat this condition? Select all that apply.

asenapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole In men, first-generation antipsychotics can suppress the libido. Therefore, the primary healthcare provider should prescribe second-generation antipsychotics such as asenapine, quetiapine, or aripiprazole. Haloperidol and chlorpromazine are first-generation antipsychotics that may suppress the libido and cause erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction.

What maternal condition would cause the nurse to expect signs of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in a neonate?

has type 1 diabetes

The nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about the calendar method of contraception. Which statement made by an adolescent indicates effective learning?

"This type of contraception requires a regular menstrual cycle."

A 15-year-old adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit in ketoacidosis with a blood glucose level of 170 mg/dL (9.4 mmol/L). The adolescent has a history of fluctuating blood glucose readings and difficulty adhering to the therapeutic regimen. A continuous insulin infusion is started. What adverse reaction to the infusion is most important for the nurse to monitor?

Hypokalemia Insulin moves potassium into the cells along with glucose, thus lowering the serum potassium level. Insulin does not lead to a reduced blood volume. Insulin does not directly alter the sodium levels. Insulin does not affect the calcium levels.

A client is receiving warfarin. Which test result should the nurse use to determine whether the daily dose of this anticoagulant is therapeutic?

INR

A nurse obtains the history of a client with early colon cancer. Which clinical finding does the nurse consider consistent with a diagnosis of cancer of the descending, rather than the ascending, colon?

Obstruction

A client's relative asks the nurse what a cataract is. Which explanation should the nurse provide?

Opacity of the lens

A client with a history of rheumatic fever and a heart murmur reports gaining weight in spite of nausea and anorexia. The client also reports shortness of breath several times each day and when performing minor tasks. Which additional information should the nurse obtain?

Presence of a cough and pulmonary secretions

A nurse is caring for a client who underwent surgery for laryngeal cancer. Which nursing action may help to communicate effectively with the client? Select all that apply.

Providing the client with praise and encouragement Collaborating with a speech and language pathologist Asking the client to make noise when immediate attention is required

A nurse performs preoperative teaching for a client who is to have cataract surgery. Which is most important for the nurse to include concerning what the client should do after surgery?

Avoid bending from the waist.

What should the nurse suggest when parents ask what to do about their preschooler's stuttering?

Speak clearly and do not complete the child's sentences

What should the nurse do when implementing a tertiary preventive program for cognitively impaired individuals?

teach children how to feed themselves

While watching television in the dayroom, a client who has demonstrated withdrawn, regressed behavior suddenly screams, bursts into tears, and runs from the room to the far end of the hallway. What is the most therapeutic intervention by the nurse?

walking to the end of the hallway where the client is standing

A client presents with cutaneous lesions with swelling in the face, eyelids, and lips from dilation and engorgement of the capillaries. No welts or vesicles are observed. Which condition most likely has occurred in the client?

Angioedema

After a large fire, many people were admitted to the emergency department. The nurse noticed many clients with moist blebs and blistered skin with a cherry red color that are hypersensitive to touch or air. What types of injuries are identified in these clients

The characteristic findings in second-degree burns are moist blebs and blisters on the skin. The skin appears to be a mottled white, pink to cherry-red color. The skin is also hypersensitive to touch or air and there may be moderate to severe pain. Clients with first-degree burns have redness, pain, moderate to severe tenderness, and minimal edema. In third- and fourth-degree burns, the skin is dry and leathery. The skin is waxy white, dark brown, or charred in appearance with a strong burn odor.

Three days before surgery for a permanent colostomy for cancer of the colon, a client is receptive of all procedures, responds pleasantly when approached, and does not question staff about what is being done. What is the most appropriate conclusion for the nurse to make based on these behaviors?

The client is not verbalizing feelings about what will happen

During a discussion regarding nutrition, the nurse explains to a pregnant client that she will need additional calcium during pregnancy and that the ideal source is milk. The client states, "I never drink milk or eat milk products. They turn my stomach." What is the nurse's best reply?

Your practitioner can prescribe calcium supplements