HIMT2300- FINAL CHAPTERS 9-14

Employees may resist change in an organization for all of the following reasons except

All of the above they believe the timing of the change is unrealistic. they do not understand why the change is needed. they want revenge on the organization because they feel mistreated.

Which of the following could a manager use to change a healthcare organization's organizational culture?

All of the above Beliefs, values, and norms of formal leaders Beliefs, values, and norms of informal leaders Beliefs, values, and norms of employees

Which of the following sources affects the ethics of an organization?

All of the above The people in the organization The organization itself The organization's external environment

Which of these actions would be useful for implementing large-scale change?

All the above Develop a vision of the change Anchor new approaches in the organization's culture Create a guiding coalition to support the change

Herzberg studied the relationship between hygiene factors (e.g., company policies, pay, supervision, working conditions) and which of the following?

Dissatisfaction

Which of these conditions would improve the effectiveness of goal-setting theory?

Employees have specific goals and get feedback on progress toward goals.

True or False: A mediator makes a decision to resolve a conflict after allowing disputants to present their views on the problem.

False

True or False: A trend in healthcare organizations shows managers avoiding evidence-based decision making because it takes time.

False

True or False: If a manager explains an upcoming change to employees and tells them how the change will help employees, most employees will easily adapt to the change.

False

True or False: Leadership is a process through which an organization influences employees to accomplish a goal, either intentionally or unintentionally.

False

True or False: Managers often have difficulty shaping culture in their organizations because organizational culture is mostly influenced by external forces beyond managers' control.

False

True or False: Managers use a control chart to show how all performance data are divided into data categories.

False

True or False: Organizational culture is "touchy feely" stuff that has little effect on a healthcare organization.

False

True or False: Similar to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, Alderfer's ERG (existence, relatedness, growth) theory emphasizes that lower levels of needs must be met before higher levels of needs can be satisfied.

False

True or False: The ethical principle of justice emphasizes privacy, freedom of choice, and self-control.

False

True or False: The purpose of a change-readiness survey is to help top managers decide who should be in charge of implementing a big change.

False

True or False: To be fair and effective, managers should use the same leadership style with physicians that they use with other workers.

False

True or False: To control performance, managers should first measure performance.

False

True or False: When an organization does not meet performance expectations, managers must change the targets before changing the organization's structures or processes.

False

A manager should use which of the following tools to analyze causes of a performance problem?

Fishbone diagram

Which of the following is not a way employees may passively and indirectly resist change?

Going on strike

Which of the following statements about power in organizations is not correct?

Power and authority are the same.

Which theory argues that people are motivated by the consequences of their behavior?

Skinner's reinforcement theory

The administrator of a skilled-nursing facility who emphasizes concern for his employees and strives to develop long-term cooperative relationships most likely is following

Theory Z.

To show work processes and to arrange, identify, and analyze steps required to complete work processes, managers use

flow charts.

Ethics advisory committees, written codes of ethics, and role modeling can be used by leaders to

help employees to make better ethical decisions.

When experienced managers must quickly decide how to handle a complex problem, they are likely to use

intuition.

Which of the following is not an important part of "refreezing" the situation according to Lewin's three-step approach?

Changing everyone at the same pace

According to contingency theory, effective leadership depends on which of the following?

Characteristics of the leader and the situation Characteristics of the situation and the followers Characteristics of the followers and the leader All of the above

Which of the following is an important component of the rational decision-making process?

Choosing among alternatives

Skills theory addresses leadership effectiveness by examining which of the following?

Leader abilities and expertise

As studied in this course, which of the following statements is true?

Leadership is a part of management.

When a manager designs work processes to reduce waste, increase efficiency, and create more value for customers, that manager is practicing

Lean production.

Which of these statements about intuitive decision making is most correct?

Managers can learn how to develop intuition for decisions.

Which of the following statements regarding organizational culture is false?

Organizational culture in healthcare organizations changes quickly in the dynamic healthcare field.

If a manager asked a subordinate for input and help in thinking through a problem, he would be using which of the following decision-making approaches?

Participative decision making

Which of the following statements is not an assumption of Theory X for leadership?

People are motivated intrinsically.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs should be satisfied before safety and security needs can be met?

Physiological

Which of the following leadership theories examines the attributes of leaders and the influence these characteristics have on leadership effectiveness?

Trait theory

In a healthcare organization, leadership should be used at all levels of the organization, not just at the top level.

True

True or False: According to McClelland's learned needs theory, needs can be learned throughout one's life.

True

True or False: Adams's equity theory states that employees' motivation will be affected by how their work and compensation compare to work and compensation of other workers.

True

True or False: Although Lewin's three-step approach to managing small change was developed long ago, it is still useful for managers.

True

True or False: An ethical dilemma is a situation where someone will suffer negative consequences regardless of the decision made.

True

True or False: Bounded rationality means that humans are limited in their ability to make rational decisions.

True

True or False: Change in healthcare may be deterred by workers who identify with and feel loyalty to their profession rather than to the organization where they work.

True

True or False: Healthcare organizations should encourage some conflict because doing so can improve decision making.

True

True or False: Healthcare organizations use both radical and incremental change to adapt to changes in the external environment.

True

True or False: In a healthcare organization, the leadership style that works well in one department might not be effective in another department.

True

True or False: Managers use a bar graph (bar chart) to show performance data, such as performance data for multiple hospital units.

True

True or False: Managers use a line graph (run chart) to show performance data trends.

True

True or False: Problems related to the quality of healthcare are mostly the result of organizational structures and processes rather than individual mistakes by individual employees.

True

True or False: Risk aversion, bias, and groupthink are all barriers to effective decision making.

True

True or False: Several characteristics of healthcare may cause staff to resist change.

True

True or False: The ethical principle of beneficence emphasizes promoting the welfare of others and not doing harm.

True

True or False: Top management of an organization should allow individual departments to develop their own unique subcultures consistent with the overall organizational culture.

True

Which step in Lewin's approach to managing small change would include explaining to employees why a change is necessary and clarifying how it could benefit them in the future?

Unfreezing the situation

A system for finding, organizing, and making available an organization's experience, understanding, expertise, judgment, and lessons learned is called

knowledge management.

A nurse judges how strongly her work performance seems to be connected to her pay. Based on this judgment, she decides whether or not to exert more effort to improve her work performance to try and earn a pay raise. The nurse demonstrates

Vroom's expectancy theory.

Compared to the past, decisions in healthcare organizations now often involve

less certainty.

Managers of healthcare organizations (HCOs) should be concerned with

all of the abovE medical ethics in HCOs. professional ethics in HCOs. managerial ethics in HCOs.

The managerial grid shows how much leaders emphasize

both producing the work and supporting the workers.

Studies have found that managers who ______ are usually more successful and are found more often in high-performing organizations than other managers.

collaborate.

Balanced scorecards generally include all of the following measures except

competition measures.

According to Thomas and Kilman's model for conflict resolution, the best approach to managing conflict is contingent on

concern for oneself and concern for others.

The desire and willingness of a person to expend effort to reach a particular goal or outcome is

motivation.

The set of values, norms, guiding beliefs, and understandings that is shared by members of an organization and is taught to new members is

organizational culture.

Managers use a control chart to show

performance data and trends compared to performance standards.

The ability of one person in an organization to influence other people to bring about desired outcomes is

power.

McClelland's learned needs theory includes all of the following needs except

safety

The decision-making approach in which individuals choose the first solution that will achieve minimum acceptable results is

satisficing.

The first step of the PDCA cycle is

select desired goals and objectives.

A leader who mentors and teaches workers, and delegates power and control to them, is using elements of

servant leadership.

The three dimensions of performance developed by Donabedian are

structure, process, and outcome

Conflict in healthcare organizations is likely to be caused by

task interdependence.

The Code of Ethics of the American College of Healthcare Executives provides standards of ethical behavior for healthcare managers in their relationships with

the profession, organization, and community.

Inspiring others by innovating with new ideas, revitalizing the organization with change, and appealing to the human needs of self-actualization and fulfillment is

transformational leadership.