HIS 122 Midterm
Which was the first labor strike to end with the president intervening on behalf of the workers?
1894 Pullman Strike
Speaker A: The best way to prevent corruption in government is to allow citizens a direct role in the legislative process. Speaker B: Breaking up trusts and monopolies will increase business competition. Speaker C: An important goal of the federal government should be the protection of our natural resources. Speaker D: Government will only improve when women are granted full suffrage QUESTION Which speaker's statement is most directly related to the political concepts of initiative, referendum, and recall?
A
Which two New Deal programs did the Supreme Court rule unconstitutional?
Agricultural Adjustment Act and National Recovery Administration
All of the following refer to the state of the economy in the 1920s except:
Agriculture remained a relatively weak element of the economy compared to the strength of industry.
The War Industries Board:
All of these
written by Andrew Carnegie in 1889: "The problem of our age is the proper administration of wealth, so that the ties of brotherhood may still bind together the rich and poor in harmonious relationship. The conditions of human life have not only been changed, but revolutionized, within the past few hundred years. In former days there was little difference between the dwelling, dress, food, and environment of the chief and those of his retainers...The contrast between the palace of the millionaire and the cottage of the laborer with us to-day measures the change which has come with civilization." What did the "Gospel of Wealth" suggest as an answer to the inequality Carnegie observed?
Benefactors should use their wealth to create greater economic opportunity.
As the war progressed, which of the following was NOT a consequence of this change in U.S. exports?
British and French economies grew three times as large as a result of U. S. exports
The song that best characterizes the Great Depression is -
Brother can you spare a Dime
What country is the U.S attempting to have an "Open Door" trade policy?
China
The ideas expressed in the image above MOST directly reflect political controversies over
Christian fundamentalist beliefs versus scientific modernism.
The Ludlow massacre was a tragic confrontation between:
Colorado mine workers and militia
The ideas expressed in the image above MOST directly reflect which of the following continuities in American history?
Debates about how immigration changes the concept of American identity over time.
Which answer best describe the reason for the rise of the KKK during the 1920's?
During the 1920s, cultural conflict and modernization helped resuscitate the Ku Klux Klan many Protestant Americans in the North and Midwest were fearful that immigrants were changing traditional American culture,
Of the four presidential candidates in 1912, the one most likely to advocate government ownership of big business was-
Eugen Debbs
The resurgence of the Ku Klux lan in the 1920s can BEST be seen as an example of
Fear of integrating immigrants into American society.
Why did FDR try to change the balance on the Supreme Court?
He feared the Supreme Court might invalidate the Wagner and Social Security Act
The image above would BEST represent which historical trend of the 1920s?
Increasing cultural conflict as traditional American values were challenged
Written by Andrew Carnegie: The problem of our age is the proper administration of wealth, so that the ties of brotherhood may still bind together the rich and poor in harmonious relationship. The conditions of human life have not only been changed, but revolutionized, within the past few hundred years. In former days there was little difference between the dwelling, dress, food, and environment of the chief and those of his retainers...The contrast between the palace of the millionaire and the cottage of the laborer with us to-day measures the change which has come with civilization." What changes led to the inequality Carnegie described during the late 19th century?
Increasing industrialization and economic consolidation
The image most directly illustrates a United States foreign policy that emphasized which of the following?
Isolationism
Many of the nations colonized were rich in natural resources. How did Social Darwinists view the mining of natural resources in these colonized lands?
It was their right to take what they wanted
Image reads: "Lend the way they fight, Buy bonds to your UTMOST" Which of the following ideologies was this poster most trying to invoke?
Nationalism
A frank acceptance of the benifits of bigness, coupled with the intervention of government to counteract its abuses, best describes the philosophy behind:
New Nationalism
(Newspaper ad) The type of advertising used in this image would soon be replaced by which of the following during the 1920s?
Radio
Which of the following best describes the method used by most progressives to solve the problem of economic power and its abuses?
Regulate big business
Map titled: Labor's Struggle for Justice, 1880-1920 Which generalization about labor unions in the United States is most clearly supported by information on the map?
Strikes by labor unions were often suppressed by government actions
Which of the following is the message of this political cartoon?
That the naval officers aboard the USS Maine were murdered by the Spanish
Which act barred commercial banks from becoming involved in the buying and selling of stocks?
The Glass-Steagall Act
Harlem" by Langston Hughes can be accessed using this link (Links to an external site.) Read the poem, then answer the question. The resurgence of African-American poetry and art during the 1920s, exemplified by this poem, was known as the -
The Harlem Renaissance
What time period below in American history saw improvements in farming technology most similar to those pictured above.
The Market Revolution
What answer below is the best definition of what the Progressive Era means?
The period 1890-1920 when many diverse groups in American society launched efforts to reform or eliminate the many social problems resulting from industrialization, immigration, and urbanization.
excerpt from a letter by Harry Shirley, a member of the Caddo Indian tribe, who attended the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in 1882: "...we got at Carlisle on Thursday and when we got here I did not like the place but since I have being here two or three days I have got used to the place and I like it very well but when we got I felt very home sick and be sure and send my bow and some spike arrows. And we go to church every Sunday. And I have a blue suit to where (sic) and there was one Shyenne (sic) boy shot himself with a pistol... the boys have a nice green lawn in which play Kicking a football." What impact did the Indian boarding schools have on Native American culture?
They accelerated the cultural assimilation process although not in a uniform fashion.
excerpt from the Populist Party's 1892 platform: The urban workmen are denied the right to organize for self-protection, imported pauperized labor beats down their wages, a hireling standing army, unrecognized by our laws, is established to shoot them down, and they are rapidly degenerating into European conditions. The fruits of the toil of millions are badly stolen to build up colossal fortunes for a few, unprecedented in the history of mankind; and the possessors of these, in turn, despise the Republic and endanger liberty. From the same prolific womb of governmental injustice we breed the two great classes — tramps and millionaires." What position did the Populist Party take on laissez-faire economics?
They opposed laissez-faire economics because it rejected government regulation.
What was the aim of Carlisle, a boarding school for Indians?
To civilize the Indians, making them "American" as whites defined the term.
How were federal troops used in the Pullman Strike of 1894?
To help suppress the strikers on behalf of the owners.
What ended the Great Depression?
World War II spending
The Industrial Workers of the World:
advocated a workers revolution
On April 2, 1917,Woodrow Wilson asked Congress for a declaration of war:
against Germany, : to make the world safe for democracy>"
Germany ultimately lost World War I because
all of the answers listed
The new concepts of a "living wage" and the "American standard of living":
allowed for criticism of the inequalities of wealth and power
The New South as promoted by Henry Grady:
attempted to appeal to northern business interests but failed to bring prosperity to the region
The Seventeenth Amendment-
authorized the popular election of senators
The Triangle Shirtwaist fire:
brought in its wake increased union organizing among New York City garment workers and much needed safety legislation
The 'Declaration of Principles" adopted by W.E. Du Bois's Niagara Movement:
called for complete economic and educational equality
The Populist platform:
called for government control of economy
Railroads were to the late nineteenth century what _______ were to the 1920's
cars
Asian and Mexican immigrants in the early twentieth century:
clustered in the West as agriculture workers
Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandies:
crafted an intellectual defense of civil liberties in the 1920's
The Wagner Act:
created the National Labor Relations Board
Besides work and school the most active agents of Americanization during the 1920's were:
dance halls, department stores, and movie theaters
The term "Fordisim":
describes an economic system based on mass production and mass consumption
The Teller Amendment :
disavowed any American designs on Cuban territory
The impact of the second industrial revolution on the trans -Mississippi West was:
dramatic as an agricultural empire grew.
As a result of the Spanish-American War, the United States:
emerged as an imperial power
Booker T. Washington
encouraged blacks to adjust to segragation and abandon the rush for civil rights
The Interstate Commerce Commission was established in 1887 to:
ensure that railroads charged farmers and merchants reasonable and fair rates.
The change in the rate of unemployment between 1941 and 1942 is best explained by the
entry of the U.S into World War II
The National Industrial Recovery Act:
established codes that set standards for production, prices, and wages in several industries
During World War I, federal powers:
expanded greatly
Agriculture in the 1920's:
experienced declining incomes and increased bank foreclosures
The Ku Klux Klan:
flourished in the early 1920's especially in the North and West
Farmers believed that their plight derived from all of the following EXCEPT
free and unlimited coinage of silver
During the 1920"s:
government policies reflected the pro-business ethos of the decade
In negotiating with the Big Four over many postwar territorial issues, President Wilson:
had to compromise his principle of self determination
The Red Scare of 1919-1920 reflected the :
impact of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the actions of militants in the U.S.
Between 1898 and 1934, the United States intervened militarily numerous times in Caribbean countries:
in order to protect the economic interests of American banks and business interests
between 1898 and 1934, the United States intervened militarily numerous times in Caribbean countries:
in order to protect the economic interests of American banks and interests
The New Deal
included a reliance on economic planning
The Great depression was caused by all of the following Except:
increased government regulation of banking and the stock market
Thomas Edison:
invented among other things, a system for generating and distributing electricity
The election of 1896:
is sometimes called the first modern presidential campaign.
One of the reasons that the Great Strike of 1877 was important is that:
it underscored the tensions produced by the rapid industrialization of the time.
The Harlem Renaissance was
led by a creative group of young writers and artists who broke with the older, genteel traditions of black literature to reclaim a cultural identity with African roots.
The "clear and present danger" principle stated by the Supreme Court in Schenck v. United States(1919) had the effect of
limiting freedom of speech during wartime
All of the following contributed to explosive economic growth during the Gilded Age EXCEPT:
low tariffs
The economic development of the American West was based on:
lumber,mining industries, farming, and ranching
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation :
made loans to failing businesses
In the early twentieth century, the Socialist Party advocated for all of the following EXCEPT:
national health insurance
During the Progressive era:
new immigration from southern and eastern Europe reached its peak.
During the Roosevelt administration, the Democratic Party emerged into a coalition that included all of the following EXCEPT:
northern business elite
In the 1890s, the main goal of those who supported United States imperialism was to-
obtain overseas markets and naval bases
The Industrial Workers of the World and most of the Socialist Party:
opposed the war
Senator Huey Long, Dr. Francis Townsend, and Father Charles Coughlin are best known as
outspoken critics of President Franklin D.Roosevelt's New Deal
Which of the following new technologies significantly influences the course of World War I?
poison gas
Progressives supported all of the following as measures to democratize government EXCEPT the-
poll tax
Apache children on arrival at the Carlisle Indian School (Pennsylvania), 1886 Apache children at theCarlisle Indian School four months later, 1887 This pair of photographs suggests that the major purpose of the CarlisleIndian School was to
promote cultural assimilation
The Equal Rights Amendment:
proposed to eliminate all legal distinctions based on sex
The Fourteen points attempted to:
provide a peace agenda to create a new democratic world order
In response to the Russian revolution that led to the creation of the communist Soviet Union, the United States:
pursued a policy of anticommunism that would remain at the center of American foreign policy during the twentieth century
The Civilian Conservation Corps:
put younger men to work in national parks
The silver issue:
refers to increasing the money supply by minting silver money
American foreign policy during the 1920's:
reflected the close working relationship between government and business
The Federal Reserve System was created in 1913 to -
regulate the nation's money supply
Keynesian economics:
relied on large- scale government spending
The Espionage Act (1917) and the Sedition Act (1918):
restricted freedom of speech
The program that sought to streamline production and boost profits by systematically controlling costs and work practices was called:
scientific management
The Federal Reserve Act did all of the following EXCEPT-
shifted the U.S Treasury back to the gold standard
A major difference between the philosophies ofPresident Herbert Hoover and President Franklin D. Roosevelt in responding to the Great Depression is that Roosevelt
supported direct relief to people out of work
The Supreme Court decision United States v. Wong Kim Ark ruled that:
the Fourteenth Amendment gave Asians born in the United States citizenship.
(image of Uncle Sam holding a key and standing in front of an open gate to China, blocking people out) What political policy or situation is satirized in this cartoon?
the Open Door Policy
Western Imperialism in the late nineteenth century was stimulated by all of the following EXCEPT-
the fear that Bolshevik ideas might advance around the globe
A major reason that the U.S annexed the Philippines despite ant-imperialist opposition in the U.S. was because
the islands were located very close to China and China's potential markets
An unintended consequence of the Boston Police riots in 1919 led to-
the launching of Calvin Coolidge's presidential career
The theory of Social Darwinism argued that:
the theory of evolution applied to humans, thus explaining why some were rich and some were poor.
Why did Theodore Roosevelt send the "Great White Fleet" on a world tour between 1907 & 1909?
to demonstrate that the United States was now a world power
In the presidential election of 1916, Woodrow Wilson:
used the campaign slogan " He kept us out of war."
The Supreme Court in Lochner v. New York:
voided a state law establishing that bakers could work a maximum of sixty hours per week
This cartoon shows is accurately described by all of the following statements EXCEPT-
was last a political issue when Woodrow Wilson tried to get liberal justices on the court to protect Progressive legislation
The severe depression of 1893:
was marked by high and long-term unemployment, exemplified by Coxey's Army
In the nineteenth century pools, trusts, and mergers were:
ways that manufacturers sought to control the marketplace.
By the end of the nineteenth century, African - American men in the South:
were forced out of politics and passed leadership to African-American women activists such as those in the National Association of Colored Women
