hist CH 13 review quiz (4)

During the seventeenth century, rising levels of global commerce increased prosperity in the Ming and Mughal Empires but also led to which of the following?

A decline in centralized state control

Why did European wars expand into global confrontations?

Conflicts over overseas colonies and trade routes replaced earlier regional religious and territorial struggles.

Which of the following groups benefited most from the wealth generated by the Atlantic system?

European elites

Which of the following was a consequence of the increasing wealth of European states?

European states grew rich enough to wage almost unceasing wars against one another.

What role did Europeans play in the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century slave trade in Africa?

Europeans remained in coastal enclaves, depending on indigenous political and trading networks to bring slaves to them.

What was a global effect of the Seven Years' War?

Great Britain emerged as the world's strongest colonial power, making it harder for indigenous people to pit European powers against one another.

How did the Asante kingdom use its access to gold to begin its growth and development?

The Asante used their gold to buy firearms, which they used to raid neighboring communities for captives to be sold as slaves.

Since there was no demand for European products in Asia, what steps did the Dutch take to reduce the need to use precious metals to pay for Asian spices?

The Dutch used their merchant ships to increase their participation in inter-Asian trade.

For what reason did the Dutch kill or enslave nearly the entire population of the Banda Islands?

The Dutch wanted to buy nutmeg at a low price in the Banda Islands and sell nutmeg at many times that price in Europe.

Why can historians claim that Mughal rulers were victims of their own success?

The combination of prosperity and dependence on local elites for governance allowed the local elites to become more autonomous.

What was an effect of early Ottoman rulers' decision to avoid trade with the outside world?

The decision led to Ottoman rulers becoming dependent on loans of silver from wealthy merchants.

What was a consequence of Europeans' introduction of firearms into North America?

Amerindian groups fought each other as they sought to increase their hunting and trapping ranges.

Which of the following accurately describes the role of silver in early seventeenth-century China?

China increasingly relied on the global trading system for silver, making the Chinese economy vulnerable to dislocation.

Aside from land rents, what was a major source of revenue for the Mughal emperors?

Europeans' increased demand for Indian textiles

By 1789, which country held the richest sugar colony?

France

Which of the following was a consequence of the fact that European buyers preferred male slaves?

Gender imbalance in the Americas contributed to the continuation of the transatlantic slave trade.

In general, the slave trade helped shift wealth toward which African social group?

Warrior elites

Which of the following factors made the Safavid Empire the most unstable of the large Muslim states?

Weak rulers and internal divisions

Which of the following accurately describes labor on Caribbean sugar plantations?

Slaves often dropped dead from exhaustion, working up to sixteen-hour days.

Which of the following was the most lucrative source of wealth for European planters in the Americas in the seventeenth century?

Sugar

Which of the following best describes the initial relationship that developed between French North American colonists and Amerindians?

The French relied on native peoples' knowledge of trapping and adapted to Amerindian ways.

Which of the following was used by Tokugawa Ieyasu to secure relative peace, which lasted for two centuries after his death?

He declared himself shogun and established a hereditary system of succession.

Which of the following describes events in the Kongo kingdom in the seventeenth century?

Kidnapping became so prevalent that cultivators worked their fields bearing weapons, leaving their children behind in guarded stockades.

Which of the following was an effect of the enclosure of common lands in the English countryside during the seventeenth century?

Landowners began to plant new crops to sell in distant, instead of domestic, markets.

What was the major reason that European states wanted to prevent their New World colonies from trading with other states?

They wanted to prevent the spread of wealth to states other than their own.

Which of the following was the most common way that African slaves in the Americas resisted the conditions of their enslavement?

Thousands of slaves fled to the remote interiors of Brazil or the Caribbean islands.

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, what was the average life expectancy of an African slave brought to the Caribbean?

Three years

What, according to mercantilist thinkers, was the purpose of colonies?

To enrich the states that had founded them

The English colonial model in the New World differed from that of other European states in that it:

dispossessed native peoples from their lands in order to accommodate a growing English settler population.

The Ming Dynasty's administrative and economic difficulties were evidenced by:

failure to respond effectively to natural disasters.