Hist ch1-14

How did Portuguese merchants obtain most of their slaves in Africa?

they traded for slaves with local leaders

What was Hernan Cortes's crucial advantage in his conquest of the Mexica Empire?

Cortes was able to exploit internal dissention within the Mexica Empire

The European voyages of the fifteenth century were derived from a desire to share in the wealth of the _______________ trade

Indian Ocean

What did Columbus believe he had found when he arrived in the Caribbean?

Islands off the coast of Japan

What did the Treaty of Tordesillas accomplish?

It divided the Atlantic Ocean, giving Spain control of everything west of an imaginary line and Portugal everything east of the line

Who resisted the Portuguese efforts to gain control over Indian Ocean trade?

Muslim-controlled port cities

How did Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe affect Spanish colonization?

The great distance of the Pacific convinced the Spanish to abandon efforts to trade in Asia and develop their American colonies instead

How did the English and French seek a route to East Asia?(They sought _______________)

a northwest passage across North America

How did justifications for slavery change from the fifteenth to eighteenth century? (Arguments supporting slavery _______________)

began to focus more on science and nature and less on religion

Which of the following was a major motivation for European exploration?

desire for material profit

How did the Turks expansion of the Ottoman Empire and their conquest of the Byzantine Empire and its capital Constantinople in 1453 influence European exploration?

it forced Europeans to search for alternate trade routes to China, bypassing the overland routes now controlled by the Ottoman Empire

At the time of his death, Columbus believed the islands he found were _______________

off the coast of Asia

How did the introduction of Ptolemy's Geography mislead European cartographers? (Ptolemy asserted that _______________)

the world was much smaller than it actually is, indicating that Asia was not far removed from Europe to the west

Settlers from the Massachusetts colony dispersed into new communities such as Connecticut and Rhode Island because _______________

there were religious disputes among the colonists

How did Europeans initially justify the enslavement of Africans?

enslavement benefited Africans by bringing Christianity to them