History 104

What factors contributed to the weakening of northern support for Reconstruction

-the economic depression of the early 1870s -northern journalists depictions of the failure of Southern black leadership -the growth of democratic power in congress -the supreme court failure to fully uphold the tights of blacks

In what ways does A sharecropping contract limit the freedom of the laborers?

-the freedmen are required to compensate the landowner if they miss work for the day -The freedmen are contractually obligated to "obey" the landowner

Identify the statements below that describe the Reconstruction amendments. 1. consisted of three amendments, which ultimately led to the incorporation of black Americans into society as citizens 2. gave states the power to decide whether or not to enforce the amendments 3. served as the constitutional basis for the civil rights movement of the 1960s 4. Severely limited the freedoms granted to African-Americans after Emancipation.

1,3

Carperbaggers

- Northern whites relocated to the South after the civil war. Southern whites believed they had come simply for economic gain -their name suggests they packed all of their belongings in a suitcase and left their homes eager to take advantage of opportunities in the south.

statements that DID NOT describe the cilvil rights bill of 1866

- protected the rights of freed blacks to vote -established different versions of legal equality based on race

Events of reconstruction in order

-13th amendment -Civil rights Bill of 1866 -14th amendment -KKK established -Enforcements acts

Identify the groups the Ku Klux Klan targeted. Correct Answer(s)

-African-American political leaders -blacks who became landowners -white Republicans

How did congress attempt to eradicate the power of the KKK

-Enforcement acts

why was Frederick Douglass's perspective on the question, "Who is an American?" considered radical for the time?

-He believed anyone could be an American -believed the United States was a nation of INNUMERABLE races.

Why did southern planter and merchants oppose reconstruction and the new state governments?

-Southern whites could not accept the idea of blacks' equality -reconstruction governments were corrupt -Poor southern whites did not experience the improvement to their economic situation as they had hoped.

Scalawags

-Southern whites supported the republican party and were believed to be traitors to their race by many southern whites -these were wartime unionist who cooperated with the Republicans to prevent "rebels" from returning to power

Components of Andrew Johnsons plan for Presidential Reconstruction

-State conventions to establish new, loyal state governments -appointment of provisional governors -repudiation of succession -pardon nearly all-white southerners who took an oath of allegiance to the Union - Abolition of slavery -refusal to pay confederate debts

How did the Black Codes attempt to regulate the lives of former slaves?

-They denied black the right to serve in state militias -they didn't allow blacks to vote -they prohibited blacks from serving on juries -they denied black the right to testify in court against whites

How did the new state constitutions drafted during Radical Reconstruction expand public responsibilities and provide for equal rights?

-They established a state-funded free public education system -they create state-run and state-funded institutions like orphanages, prisons, and homes for the insane

How did Reconstruction amendments change the constitution

-They established the federal; government as the protector of rights. -they expanded the definition of citizenship to include nonwhites.

Why was education so important to freed blacks during this era?

-They wanted to be able to read the Bible. -They wanted to prepare to participate in the economic marketplace. -They wanted the opportunity to take part in politics. -

Statements that describe the cilvil rights bill of 1866

-defined all personal born in the united states as a citizen -ensured all citizens enjoyed a set of basic rights

Freedom Bureau OBJECTIVES

-establish schools for blacks -provide aid to poor and aged -settle disputes between whites and blacks and freed people. -secure equal treatment for blacks before the courts -reorganize abandoned and confiscated land in the South into forty-acre plots to allocate to former slaves

Identify the statements that describe sharecropping

-guaranteed planted a stable labor force -required farmers to divide the crop with the landowner at the end of the year -preferred by former slaves because it allowed them to work without white supervision -a compromise between blacks' desires for landownership and whites' desire to discipline their labor force

Why did northern republican support for reconstruction diminish in the 1870's

-many northerners believed that the south should be able to solve its own problems -Many of the Radical Republicans who had established the reconstruction plan had died -Many believed that the federal government had created the conditions of freedom, and success was now up to blacks

Identify the statements that DONT describe sharecropping

-provided a path to landownership for blacks

Identify the provisions of the Radical plan for Reconstruction.

-temporary division of the South into military districts -state guarantees of black men's right to vote -the Fourteenth Amendment -creation of new state governments

The _____1______ system survived in the rice kingdoms of South Carolina and Georgia, while _____2_____ was preferred in Louisiana's sugar plantations. _____3___ came to dominate in the cotton and tobacco regions of Virginia and North Carolina.

1. task system 2. wage labor 3. sharecropping

Freedmen's Bureau

Agency established by Congress in Mach 1865 to attempt to establish a working free labor system

The Bargain of 1877 decided the election of 1876 in favor of the Republicans, while the Republicans promised to recognize Democratic control of the South, essentially ending Reconstruction. T or F

T

The Liberal Republican Party began to side with Democrat in believing that the federal governments power had grown to much during the war and needed to be curtailed. T or F

T