History 1307 Quiz #3

William of Orange

"Father of his the Netherlands" A member of the Dutch nobility who peacefully worked towards religious coexistence and freedom of conscience in the Netherlands during the mid 1500's

Act of Abjuration

-1581 -Northern provinces declared independence from Philip II -Revolt follows

Defeat of Spanish Armada

-1588 -By the British In 1588, off the coast of England, Spain tried to take over England but was defeated.

Peace of Munster

-1648 -Spain recognized the Netherlands as a country -Munster, Germany The Peace of Munster was a treaty in which Spain recognized the Netherlands as a country in Munster, Germany in 1648.

Philip II of Spain

-Became ruler in 1555 -Clung to church of Rome -Persecuted heretics -Northern provinces declared independence from his rule -Left in 1559 to become king in Spain Philip II became ruler of the Netherland in 1555. He

Calvinism

-Began in 1540's -Abandoned precaution shown by other reformers -Demanded choice between Rome or Reformation -Major in factor in revolt -Not willing to compromise like Orange wanted Calvinism, which began in the mid 1500's, abandoned precaution shown by other reformers and was a major factor in the revolt as they demanded a choice between Rome and the reformation.

Dutch East India Company

-Founded in 1602 -Laid the basis for later colonial empire known as Dutch East Indies -Major factor in struggle with Spain The Dutch East India Company was founded in 1602 and laid the basis for a later colonial empire known as Dutch East Indies.

Union of Utrecht

-January 1579 -Signed by Northern provinces -Created alliance against Spain -Drove North and south apart -No longer middle ground between supporting king and revolting -Marks the beginning of an independent Dutch federal republic The Union of Utrecht, in 1579, created an alliance of the northern provinces against Spain. After this, there was no middle ground between supporting the king and revolt.

Abdication of Charles V

-October 1555 -Left Netherlands to son Philip II - Beginning of revolt? Charles the V abdicated the throne of the Netherlands in 1555, leaving the country to his son Philip II. Many say that this began the revolt.

Maurice of Nassau

-Stadholder -Prince of Orange -Late 1500's -Son of William of Orange -Only had command of the military

Dutch West India Company

Founded in the mid 1600's, the Dutch West India Company traded in West Africa, South America and the Caribbean was much less successful than the VOC.

The Republic of the United Provinces

In 1588, the Union of Utrecht formed into the Republic of the United Provinces, what is now called the Netherlands. -Formed into current Netherlands -From Union of Utrecht -Union became republic after fighting ended

Sea Beggars

Sea beggars were exiled nobles and citizens who led attacks from the sea on Holland during the mid 1500's.

Eighty Year War

The Eighty Year War was the Dutch revolt from Spain that ended in 1648.

Twelve Year Truce

The Twelve Year Truce began in 1609 stopped the war between Holland and Spain for 12 years.