History Bee

Russian Revolution

A period of protests, mutinies and chaotic government occurred after this event. The chaos was more or less ended in the October Revolution. A legend about a survivor of this event has been debunked many times. This ended a major power's involvement in World War I. Name this event that involved the shooting of the royal family.

Mark Twain

"The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras Enterprise" was a story written by this man. One of the greatest humorists of his age, he went out with Halleys Comet. Name this author of the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

Muammar Gaddafi

After this man's son was arrested for assaulting hotel staff, he threatened to declare war on Switzerland. The Lockerbie bomber was repatriated to this man's country. A no-fly zone was announced during this man's civil war against rebels based in Benghazi. After a raid on Sirte, this man was killed on October 20. For 10 points, name this long-time leader of Libya.

Galba, Otho, Vitellius, Vespasian

BONUS: Name all four emperors in the Year of Four Emperors of Rome.

Kaiser Wilhelm II {Germany}, Franz Joseph {Austria-Hungary}, Tsar Ferdinand {Bulgaria}, and Sultan Mehmed V {Ottoman Empire}

BONUS: Name the leaders of the four main Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.

Cayuga, Mohawk, Tuscarora, Seneca, Oneida, Onondaga

BONUS: Name the six original nations that joined to form the Iroquois Confederacy

Pinckney, Gerry, Marshall

BONUS: Name the three American diplomats that took part in the XYZ Affair.

Samuel Langhorne Clements

BONUS: What was Mark Twain's real name?

Mikhail Gorbachev

He was the last leader of the Soviet Union. He introduced glasnost and perestroika to the USSR. Name this leader who helped take down the Berlin Wall.

Charles de Gaulle

He was the leader of the Free French during WWII, and was the first president of France's Fifth Republic. Name this man who signed the Evian Accords, granting independence to Algeria.

Zachary Taylor

His victories in the Second Seminole War and the Mexican-American War earned him the nickname "Old Rough and Ready."

Haymarket Square Riot

Samuel Fielden played a role in this riot. It began when a group of workers peacefully protested for an eight hour work day in Chicago. Name this 1886 riot that ended with a bombing.

Margaret Thatcher

She served as British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990. She was a Conservative, and led Britain in the Falkland Islands War.

Battle of Trenton

The Continental Army had bloody footprints in this battle. Johann Rall led the Hessians to defeat. The Continental losses were minimal, so this battle revived many Americans' morale. Name this battle that came after George Washington's crossing of the Delaware.

Boston Massacre

Paul Revere engraved a famous depiction of this event. The Old State House is depicted in the background of Revere's engraving. This event began with an exchange of insults. Name this event that resulted in the death of Crispus Attucks.

Articles of Confederation

The weakness of the government created by this document was a matter of concern for nationalists. Name this document that was succeeded by the US Constitution.

Catherine the Great

This 18th century Russian ruler succeeded Peter III to the throne. She put down Pugachev's Revolt.

Mobutu Sese Seko

This African dictator was aided by the USA and Belgium in a coup against the former government. He renamed his country to Zaire. He was known for his Concorde-flown shopping trips to Paris. Name this dictator, notorious for his corruption and human rights abuses.

F Scott Fitzgerald

This American author wrote many stories and novels, including This Side of Paradise and the Curious Case of Benjamin Button. Name this 1920's author who wrote The Great Gatsby.

White Album

This Beatles Album is considered one of the best albums in the world. It was the predecessor to Yellow Submarine. Name this Beatles album with nothing but the band name on its cover.

Cardinal Richelieu

This Cardinal was King Louis XIII's advisor. Although he was Catholic, he made alliances with Protestants. This man is also a primary antagonist in "The Three Musketeers" and is sometimes considered the first Prime Minister. Name this man who wanted French control in North America.

El Cid

This Castilian nobleman ruled over Spain and was supported by Christians and the Islamic Moors. Name this national hero of Spain.

Albigensian Crusade

This Crusade began when Pope Innocent III called for a religious war against Catharism in Languedoc, a region of France.

Thebes

This Egyptian city contains a necropolis on the Nile river. This city is near or contains the Karnak and Luxor temple complexes

Joseph "Joe" McCarthy

This Senator famously accused many officials of being Communist spies, but was never able to back up this claim. His anti-homosexual witch hunt was sometimes known as the Lavender Scare. Name this anti-Communist from Wisconsin.

John Garner

This Speaker of the House under Herbert Hoover opposed the New Deal and labor union strikes. He broke with FDR in 1937 over the issue of making the Supreme Court larger.

Nelson Mandela

This Xhosa man was Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement from 1998 to 1999. He was imprisoned at Pollsmoor and Victor Verster prisons. He created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Name this man who is also known by his Xhosa clan name: Madiba.

Embargo Act of 1807

This act was caused by British and French violations of American neutrality during the Napoleonic Wars. It was signed by Thomas Jefferson. It did not do what it was intended to do, and was considered to be a great failure. Name this act that banned trade with Britain and France.

XYZ Affair

This affair between the USA and France led to the Quasi War. Minister Talleyrand demanded a bribe, and the American diplomats were offended. The resulting national anger propelled the Federalists into power and they built up the military. Name this affair.

Palestine

This ancient land was once known as Canaan. It has been fought over many times throughout history. It is sacred to Christians, Jews, and Muslims. Name this contested region that was once part of Israel.

Irish Republican Army

This army was split by a civil war after the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty. This army was named official by the Dail Eireann. After its official declaration, it waged a guerrilla campaign against the British. Name this army that wants to establish a fully Irish republic on Ireland.

Impressionism

This art movement began in Paris in the 18th century with Claude Monet. This movement spread to music, where it was used by composers such as Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel. Name this movement which originally faced harsh criticism from conventional artists.

Grant Wood

This artist lived in Iowa and painted many rural midwest scenes. His name is on the 2004 Iowa quarter. One of his most famous works depicts a stoic-faced man and woman in front of a house. Name this painter of American Gothic.

John Trumbull

This artist was notable for his historical paintings, and in 1817 he painted a famous picture of the signing of the Declaration of Independence that went on the back of the two dollar bill.

Henry David Thoreau

This author was born near Walden Pond, Massachusetts. He promoted civil disobedience and influenced Leo Tolstoy, MLK Jr., and Gandhi.

Aztecs

This empire stretched through most of northern and central Mexico, and carried out many human sacrifice rituals. Name this empire whose people spoke Nahuatl and was conquered by Hernan Cortes.

Inca

This empire stretched through the Andes, and its people spoke Quechua. A site whose name means "Old Mountain" was built by these people overlooks the Urubamba river. Name this empire that was conquered by Fransisco Pizarro.

Byzantine Empire

This empire's greatest extent was under Justinian the Great. It was centered in a country whose major Aegean sea port is Izmir. It survived the fall of Rome and thrived independently until it was overrun by Ottoman Turks.

Potsdam Conference

This event took place at the home of Crown Prince Wilhelm Hohenzollern. One of the participants was Deputy Prime Minister Clement Attlee. It took place nine weeks after the surrender of Karl Donitz. Name this event, sometimes known as The Berlin Conference of the Three Heads of Government.

Benedict Arnold

This general's actions led to the hanging of John Andre. His plot to surrender West Point would have crippled one side of the Revolutionary War. He assisted in the capture of Fort Ticonderoga. Name this man whose name is now a byword for "traitor."

Alger Hiss

This government official was involved in the establishment of the UN. He was accused by Whittaker Chambers of the Communist Party. Chambers testified that he and this man worked together in espionage. Name this man who was accused of being a Communist spy, but maintained his innocence until he died.

Congress of Vienna

This group was an organization of ambassadors from countries around Europe. Their meetings were held in Vienna a century before the beginning of World War I. Their purpose was to balance power in Europe and end conflicts like the Napoleonic Wars.

Nehru-Gandhi Family

This influential family of India dominated politics for many years. The first Prime Minister of India was from this family, as well as the first female Prime Minister of India. Name this family.

Borgia Family

This influential, power-grasping family originated in Valencia, Spain. They had two popes: Alexander VI and Callixtus III. They were suspected of burglary, adultery, bribery and murder. Name these Renaissance contributors who gained many enemies because of their power.

Edward I

This king took part in the Second Baron's War and was taken hostage by rebel barons, although he soon escaped. This king also conquered Wales in a full-scale war against the rebels. He issued the Edict of Expulsion to remove all Jews from England. Name this ruler nicknamed "Longshanks."

Richard I {the Lionhearted}

This king was one of the Christian leaders in the King's Crusade. He gained a name due to his bravery in the Crusades. Although he lost the war, he gained many victories over the Islamic leader, Saladin.

Simon Bolivar

This leader was the first president of Gran Colombia. He triumphed over the Spanish Empire. Name this man who helped many South American countries gain independence from Spain.

Alfred the Great

This man defended his kingdom against the Vikings in the first century CE and was the first king to be called "King of the Anglo-Saxons." He defeated the Great Heathen Army at the Battle of Edington.

Winston Churchill

This man fought in the Second Boer War while he was an officer. He was the first person to be made an honorary citizen of the United States. He was preceded by Neville Chamberlain. Name this British politician who said the "Blood, Toil, Tears, and Sweat" speech.

Napoleon Bonaparte

This man gained power after the French Revolution. He abolished feudalism and seized control of much of Europe after his namesake wars. His major failures occurred when he attempted to invade Russia. His first exile was after he lost the Battle of Leipzig to the Sixth Coalition. Name this Emperor of France.

Mao Zedong

This man has a set of political theories, a combination of Marxism and Leninism, named after him. He orchestrated the Great Leap Forward movement and promoted agriculture. Name this man, the leader of the Cultural Revolution, who made China a Communist People's Republic.

Henry VIII

This man is best known for separating the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church. He legally unified England and Wales. He made some alliances with the Holy Roman Empire, but they did not last after failed invasions of France. This man later died of morbid obesity.

Josip Tito

This man lead the Partisan movement. He worked with Jawaharlal Nehru, Gamal Nasser, and Sukarno, and was seen as a benevolent dictator. A few years after his reign, Yugoslavia fell apart. Name this Yugoslav dictator whose economic and diplomatic policies led to a Yugoslav economic boom.

Horatio Gates

This man led Americans to victory at Saratoga. After this, he went on to criticize George Washington. His troops were defeated at the Battle of Camden. Name this controversial general.

Fransisco Franco

This man led Spain during WWII. He was the head of the fascist Falange Party, and defeated the Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War.

Leonid Brezhnev

This man led the Warsaw Pact to invade Czechoslovakia after the Prague Spring. He led the USSR and is blamed for the Era of Stagnation. His last major decision was to invade Afghanistan. Name this Soviet leader who succeeded Nikita Khrushchev.

Jimmy Carter

This man's presidency was marked by the Three Mile Island disaster, the US boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics, and Iran Hostage Crisis. He won the Nobel Peace Prize after his term. Name this man who pursued the Camp David Accords and Panama Canal Treaty.

Barry Goldwater

This man, known as Mr. Conservative, was defeated by Lyndon B Johnson in the 1964 election. He became a vocal opponent of religion in politics. He convinced Nixon to resign after Watergate. Name this man who helped pass the Goldwater-Nichols Act.

Lord Palmerston {Henry John Temple}

This man, popularly nicknamed "Pam," led Britain at the height of its power. Many of his military decisions are still controversial. Name this Prime Minister, the most recent to die in office.

Benito Mussolini

This man, sometimes known as Il Duce, marched on Rome with his Black Shirt Army in 1922. Name this fascist leader of Italy who signed the Lateran Treaty.

Attila the Hun

This man, sometimes known as the Scourge of God, led an empire that stretched from western Asia to Germany and attacked the Roman empire many times. Although he pillaged throughout Europe, he never took Rome or Constantinople. Name this Hun leader.

Douglas MacArthur

This member of the Philippine Army led the occupation of Japan. He fled from Corregidor to Australia. Name this man who led the UN Command in the Korean War until he was removed from command by President Harry Truman.

Kulturkampf

This movement sought to eradicate Poles and reduce the Catholic Church's power in Prussia. This led to the exile or arrest of many priests and bishops. During this movement, there was also anti-Jesuit hysteria. Name this anti-Catholic movement spearheaded by Otto von Bismarck.

Second Great Awakening

This movement was said to be in response to skepticism and rationalism. Name this Protestant revival that took place in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Tamil Tigers

This secessionist campaign is mainly located in South Asia. They invented the suicide bombers' vest, pioneered female suicide attacks, and was the first rebel militant group to acquire air power. Founded by Velupillai Prabhakaran, name this Tamil group that wants to create an independent Tamil country in Sri Lanka.

Crusades

This series of wars was started by Seljuq Turks taking Jerusalem. It included leaders such as Richard I, Frederick Barbarossa, and Saladin.

Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

This sermon was preached in Northampton, Massachusetts and Enfield, Connecticut. It provides an example of Great Awakening theology. Name this sermon written by Jonathan Edwards.

Mayflower

This ship, owned and operated by Christopher Jones, set sail from Plymouth, England in 1620. The colony that its passengers set up was governed by a Compact named after this ship. Name this ship that the Pilgrims sailed in.

Haitian Revolution

This slave revolt succeeded in creating an independent state and ousting French rule in the area. It ended after the French were defeated at Vertieres. During this revolt, the capital of the colony was moved away from Cap Haitien. Name this revolt that established the first Black republic.

The Grapes of Wrath

This story describes the life of the Joad family. It begins with Tom Joad being paroled from McAlester prison. Name this John Steinbeck novel about the struggles of the Dust Bowl.

Warren Court

This term refers to the Supreme Court between 1953 and 1969. Some justices in this time were William J. Brennan, Jr., William O. Douglas, and Hugo Black. It was known for ending racial segregation and ending school prayer. Name this court presided over by its namesake Chief Justice.

Paul Revere

This tinsmith is the subject of a poem by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. He became the first American to successfully roll copper into sheets for use as sheathing on naval vessels. Name this man, famous for his ride before the Battles of Lexington and Concord.

Peter the Great {I}

This tsar of Russia defeated Sweden in the Great Northern War. This man westernized Russia and built St. Petersburg.

War of the Triple Alliance

This war began between Brazil and Paraguay, and Argentina and Uruguay joined Brazil's side. This war devastated Paraguay, and it was forced to cede territory to the Allies. Name this war.

Crimean War

This war began in 1853 when Russia and the Ottoman Empire went to war over the rights of Orthodox Christians in the Holy Land {Israel}. It ended with the 1856 Treaty of Paris and an Allied victory. The allies of the Ottoman Empire in this war included Britain and France. Name this war.

Thirty Years' War

This war began with the Defenestration of Prague and ended with the Peace of Westphalia. The Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus and the Holy Roman commander Albrecht von Wallenstein played a major part in this war. Name this religious war of the 17th century.

Hundred Year's War

This war between England and France ended with England losing most of its continental territory and a French victory. It was mainly caused by England owning territories the French thought to be theirs, and the English claims that the king of England was also the King of France.

War of Austrian Succession

This war contested the power of the House of Hapsburg. While Prussia kept Silesia, the Hapsburg's power in Austria still remained. The war ended with the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Name this war that was an attempt to keep Maria Theresa from the Austrian throne.

Austro-Prussian War

This war ended with a decisive Prussian victory and the Peace of Prague. It marked the end of the German Confederation. Although the Austrian Empire defeated Italy, a Prussian ally, they lost the war to Prussia. Name this war.

Seven Years War

This war involved most of the European powers of the 18th century. It included conflicts such as the Pomeranian War and the 3rd Silesian War. The major sides were Britain and Prussia vs. France and Austria. The results were British control in much of North America. Name this war that included the French and Indian War.

King Philip's War

This war was ended by a treaty at Casco Bay in 1678. The Native American side was led by the chief Metacomet. Major Benjamin Church led the Puritans and succeeded in killing Metacomet. Name these wars that were named after the English name for Metacomet.

Dwight Eisenhower

At his request, Congress passed the Formosa Resolution. In Operation Boot, he overthrew Mohammad Mosaddegh of Iran. Name this president who sent troops to enforce the integration of Central High School.

Jacques Chirac

He succeeded Francois Mitterand as presided of France and served until 2007. His policies were center-right, and he banned the wearing of religious clothing such as the Muslim hijab.

Nikita Khruschev

He succeeded Joseph Stalin. He led the USSR during the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Sputnik launch. He is famous for the "Kitchen Debate."

William Jennings Bryan

He was a Democratic and Populist politician who lost the 1896 and 1900 presidential elections. He served as Wilson's Secretary of State from 1913 to 1915, and gave the famous "Cross of Gold" speech in 1896.

Clarence Darrow

He was a famous defense lawyer at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries. He defended Illinois murderers Leopold and Loeb, and science teacher John Scopes in the famous "Scopes Monkey Trial."

Andrew Jackson

He was a prominent American General and later served as President of the U.S. from 1829 to 1837. His administration saw the Nullification Crisis and the Trail of Tears and his Vice-President Martin Van Buren succeeded him.

Election of 1876

In this election, the Democrats ceded 20 electoral points to Rutherford B Hayes so the Republicans would remove Federal forces from the South, ending reconstruction. Rutherford B Hayes won by one more electoral point than Samuel J Tilden in what election?

Beowulf

In this famous work of literature, the title character aids King Hroogar of the Danes in killing a creature named Grendel and its mother. Name this Old English poem.

Velvet Revolution

Name the revolution that split Czechoslovakia.

Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill

Name the three major world leaders that met at Yalta in 1945.

Ancient Rome

Name this civilization that existed under the Kingdom, the Republic, and the Empire. It began when it was founded in 753 BCE by two brothers, and nearly ended when it was sacked by Visigoths in 410 CE.

Angkor Wat

Name this famous Hindu and Buddhist temple complex in Cambodia that was the capital of the Khmer Empire.

Philip Freneau

Name this man, the poet of the American Revolution, who co-authored "Father Bombo's Pilgrimage to Mecca" with Henry Brackenridge.

Whiskey Rebellion

Name this revolt in Western Pennsylvania against taxes. Rebels attempted to pay taxes with an alcoholic drink.

1948 Election

Stromm Thurmond was the Dixiecrat candidate of this election. Name this election that saw the presidency of Harry Truman.

Picts

These Iron Age Celtic people lived mainly in Scotland and carved giant stones. Their kingdom merged with another kingdom to form the Kingdom of Alba, which expanded throughout Scotland.

Salem Witch Trials

These events began with Betty Parris and Abigail Williams. Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba were the first to be arrested in these events. Dorothy Good was the youngest to be arrested in these events at five years old. Name these 1692-93 events in colonial Massachusetts.

Australian Aborigines

These people believe in the "Dreamtime." They have been poorly treated by the government in the past. Name these native Australians.

Anarchists

These people were responsible for the Haymarket Square bombing. They clashed with the Bolsheviks after the Russian Revolution. Paul Goodman was one of these. Name these people who follow a philosophy that goes against government.

Visigoths

These people, under Alaric, sacked Rome in 410. Their former rule in Gaul was ended by Clovis I of the Franks. Their kingdom collapsed after an invasion by Arab Berbers, but their culture remained.

Benjamin Disraeli

This English politician and aristocrat was a fierce Conservative. One of his greatest rivals was William Gladstone. He became the Earl of Beaconsfield, won a diplomatic victory over Russia, and encouraged England to invest in the Suez Canal. His reputation went downhill after he angered English farmers and pushed for wars in South Africa and Afghanistan. Name this man.

Charles Darwin

This English scientist travelled to the Galapagos Islands to prove his theories. By observing the species there, he created the theory of natural selection. Name this man who wrote "The Origin of Species."

English Civil War

This English war ended with the battle of Worcester. The sides were the Roundheads and the Cavaliers. As a result of this war, Charles I was executed, Charles II was exiled, and England became a Commonwealth. Name this war that Oliver Cromwell played a major part in.

Prague Spring

This European reform attempted to decentralize the economy and partially democratize a country. After the Soviet Union attempted to end this reform diplomatically, the Warsaw Pact invaded a country and forcibly ended it. It should be noted that Romania did not take part in this invasion. The invasion resulted in multiple protests and self-immolations. Name this 1968 Czech reform.

John Adams

This Founding Father defended British soldiers from the Boston Massacre in court. He never bought a slave. He nominated George Washington as Commander in Chief and John Marshall as Chief Justice. He signed the Alien and Sedition Act. Name this man who was the Vice President of George Washington.

Patrick Henry

This Founding Father's famous line began with, "I know not what course others may take." He served as the first and sixth Governor of Virginia. He opposed both the Stamp Act and the Constitution. Name this man who was one of the most influential Founding Fathers. PS. His namesake is a stupid starfish.

Charlemagne

This Frankish man's grandfather was Charles "the Hammer" Martel, and his father was Pepin the Short. In 800 CE, he became the first Emperor of a great empire centered in Germany.

GF Handel

This German composer composed operas such as "Alexander's Feast" and "The Messiah." This man was buried at Westminster Abbey. Name this musician who composed "Hallelujah Chorus" as part of "The Messiah."

Karl Marx

This German philosopher wrote "Das Kapital." He has a method of societal analysis named after him. Frederich Engels was his lifelong friend. Name this thinker who wrote "The Communist Manifesto."

Thebes

This Greek city-state defeated Sparta at Leuctra. It later fell to Philip II and Alexander the Great at Chaeronea. Name this city-state northwest of Athens.

Plato

This Greek philosopher studied under Socrates and retained many similar principles and ideas.

Robert Boyle

This Irish physicist/chemist is best known for a namesake law of chemistry. He was also known for his theology writings. Name this scientist who is considered the first modern chemist.

Sacagawea {or Sakakawea}

This Lemhi Shoshone woman has a large reservoir on the Missouri river named after her in North Dakota. Name this interpreter for Lewis and Clark.

Alexander the Great

This Macedonian king was a student of Aristotle and was best known for his large empire and defeat of the Persians.

Olmecs

This Mesoamerican civilization prospered in the Mexican states of Tabasco and Veracruz. Their capital was La Venta, and they are famous for sculpting giant stone heads.

Akbar the Great

This Mughal emperor encouraged religious tolerance, and married a Hindu Rajput to promote peace in his empire, which then covered most of the Indian subcontinent north of the Godavari. He was the most popular emperor because of his policies to unify the empire and abolishment of the tax on non-Muslims. Name this man who succeeded Humayun and was succeeded by Jahangir.

Otto von Bismarck

This Prussian leader united most of the German states and rebuilt the German Empire. He used the balance of power technique to preserve peace in Europe. He was the first Chancellor of United Germany. Name this man who led the Kulturkampf.

Anne Hutchinson

This Puritan was banned from the Bay Colony. She and her supporters set up the settlement of Portsmouth. She was part of the Antinomian Controversy. Name this woman who accused Massachusetts's ministers of preaching a covenant of works.

Queen Victoria

This Queen of England gained control of New Zealand through the Treaty of Waitangi. She also used the title Empress of India. She had the longest reign of any British monarch {unless Elizabeth II rules for one year and 186 days more}. Name this Queen whose children married into royal families all over Europe.

Elizabeth I

This Queen of England ruled during the late 16th century and early 17th century. She had Mary Queen of Scots executed. One of her greatest triumphs was her defeat of the Spanish Armada.

Nero

This Roman emperor promoted the arts. His removal from the throne and subsequent suicide led to the period known as the Year of Four Emperors. Name this man who "fiddled while Rome burned."

Berlin Wall

This barrier was known as the "Anti-Fascist Protection Rampart" to GDR officials. Mayor Wily Brandt called it the "Wall of Shame." Name this wall, torn down physically in 1990, that was built to protect the GDR from socialism.

Battle of Bosworth Field

This battle concluded the Wars of the Roses, an English civil war between the House of York and the House of Lancaster. The battle resulted in Henry VII ascending to the throne and Richard III of York being killed.

Battle of Midway

This battle is considered the decisive battle on the Pacific Front of World War II, when the Allies defeated the Japanese fleet. Name this battle that took place on a US territory north of Hawaii.

Battle of Saratoga

This battle saw the loss of General Burgoyne and the French officially joined the Continental Army after the battle. Name this 1777 battle in which Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold played notable roles.

Battle of Waterloo

This battle took place in Belgium. It marked the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Name this 1815 battle where the Duke of Wellington defeated Napoleon Bonaparte.

Battle of Bunker Hill

This battle took place on June 17,1775. This battle of the Siege of Boston took place on Breed's Hill. Name this British victory where Prescott famously said, "Do not fire until you see the whites of their eyes."

Avignon

This city on the Rhone river is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in France. In the 14th and 15th centuries, the presence of multiple popes gave this city its name as the "City of Popes."

Minoan

This civilization was centered on the island of Crete. The volcano of Thira/Santorini devastated this civilization, and it was later invaded and conquered by the Myceneans. Name this civilization.

Yalta Conference

This conference took place after Tehran Conference. Name this conference in what is now Ukraine that happened after World War II.

Hartford Convention

This convention consisted of a group of Federalists meeting in Connecticut to discuss grievances with recent events.

Seneca Falls Convention

This convention was attended by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, and Frederick Douglass. The Declaration of Sentiments was composed here. Name this convention that took place in New York.

Marbury v. Madison

This court case resulted in the plaintiff's petition being nullified. It was caused by the Justice of the Peace not receiving his commission. Name this case, the most famous one that John Marshall presided over.

Oklahoma City Bombing

This crime was committed by Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols. Name this terrorist act that destroyed the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building.

Magna Carta

This document was signed by King John of England in 1215 and was one of the first documents to limit the powers of a monarch.

Ming Dynasty

This dynasty succeeded the Mongol Yuan dynasty. This was the last dynasty ruled by Han Chinese. During this dynasty, the empire's greatest extent was under the Yongle Emperor.

Election of 1800

This election resulted in John Adams's failure to secure a second term and Democratic-Republican rule. Some major political issues in this election included the Quasi-War, army tax, and the Alien and Sedition Acts. Thomas Jefferson became president in this election. Name this election that led to the demise of the Federalist Party.

Justinian I

This emperor attempted to revive the Roman Empire by reclaiming its western half. His generals fought the Vandals, Ostrogoths, and the Zan people. The new empire he made lost its splendor after an outbreak of the bubonic plague. He commissioned the Hagia Sophia, a great Eastern Orthodox Church, and was also known as the "Great."

Idi Amin

This man seized power in a 1971 coup and was known for a number of violent human rights abuses. His rise to power was funded by the CIA and Belgium. He called himself "The Conqueror of the British Empire" when Britain broke ties with Uganda. In 1978 he tried to annex part of Tanzania, causing the Uganda Tanzania War. Name this dictator who was rumored to be a cannibal.

Napoleon III

This man seized power in a coup d'etat after being blocked from running for a second Presidential term. As Emperor, he gave the people rights, such as right to strike and women's right to education. He joined the UK in the Crimean War and the Opium War. Name this French leader who doubled the area of the French Empire.

William Gladstone

This man served the most terms of Prime Minister of England. This man was a liberal politician and a great rival of Benjamin Disraeli. He was known as Grand Old Man, or God's Only Mistake to Disraeli. Name this British politician who proposed home rule of Ireland.

Lech Walesa

This man was a trade-union activist after working at Gdansk. He was instrumental in the Gdansk Agreement between the strikers and the government. Name this former Polish President who abolished Communism in Poland and created the Solidarity reform.

Genghis Khan

This man was first named Temujin, and he founded the largest contiguous empire in history. After uniting local nomadic tribes, he conquered what is now China and Central Asia. He promoted religious tolerance and is now considered the founding father of his native nation.

Louis Philippe

This man was king of France after Charles X was forced to abdicate. He himself was forced to abdicate in 1848. His father supported the French Revolution, but was nevertheless guillotined. Name this man, the last king to rule France.

William the Conqueror {of Normandy}

This man was known as the "Bastard", and was the first Norman king of England. He gained much fame after his victory at the Battle of Hastings, and led the Norman conquest of England. He killed his rival, Harold Godwinson, at the Battle of Hastings to gain the throne.

Nathan Hale

This man was made the official hero of Connecticut in 1985. He volunteered to gather military intelligence, but was captured by the British in New York City. Name this man, whose famous last words were, "my only regret is that I have but one life to give for my country."

Julius Caesar

This man was part of a triumvirate. He defied the Senate's orders by crossing the Rubicon river with a legion after the Gallic Wars, leading to civil war. He emerged victorious and became the sole dictator of Rome. A major event in his life took place on the Ides of March and is documented in a Shakespeare play that shares his name.

Mark Antony

This man was part of the Second Triumvirate. Disagreements between him and Octavian {now known as Augustus} sparked a civil war. A lover of Cleopatra, he committed suicide soon after losing the Battle of Actium.

Aaron Copland

This man was referred to as the "Dean of American Composers." He composed ballets such as Appalachian Spring, Billy the Kid and Rodeo. Name this 1930's composer and longtime friend of Carlos Chavez.

Henry IV

This man was the first king of England from the House of Lancaster or Plantagenet. He also claimed the position of King of France.

Joseph Stalin

This man was the general secretary of the Bolshevik Party when it rose to power. He was a close ally of Mao Zedong and Kim Il-Sung. His army defeated Nazi Germany at Stalingrad and took Berlin. Name this man who was condemned by his successor, Nikita Khrushchev.

Emperor Akihito

This man will be renamed "Emperor Heisei" after his death, due to a Japanese tradition. He is the 125th emperor of Japan. Name this current emperor of Japan, who is an ichthyological researcher.

League of Nations

This organization was dedicated to promoting peace. They were ineffective, with no military power. Benito Mussolini once said this group was "very well when sparrows shoot, but no good at all when eagles fall out." It failed at preventing violence in World War 2, and it was replaced by the United Nations.

Guernica

This painting was based on a bombing in the Spanish Civil War. It is currently on display in Madrid, Spain. Name this painting that was painted by Pablo Picasso.

Reconquista

This period of wars ended when the Alhambra and Granada fell, expelling the Islamic Moors. Name this period in Spanish history.

Cleopatra

This pharaoh of the Ptolemaic dynasty in the Hellenistic Period learned to speak Egyptian rather than Greek, in contrast to her Ptolemaic predecessors. One of her sons was Caesarion. Name this ruler who died of an asp bite.

Free Silver

This policy was opposed to the less inflationary gold standard. Name this policy, whose supporters were called Silverites.

Maximilien Robespierre

This politician's scholarly reputation is very diverse. He is condemned for his radical purification by killing his enemies, but he was also a spokesperson for the poor and the creator of a socially responsible France. He led the Reign of Terror and was an influential figure in the French Revolution.

Julius II

This pope attracted nicknames such as "The Warrior Pope" and "The Fearsome Pope." As a cardinal, he was a rival of Pope Alexander VI of the Burgias, and accused him of simony. This pope succeeded Pius III. Name this pope who commissioned Michelangelo's decoration of the Sistine Chapel's ceiling.

Grover Cleveland

This popular president angered many labor unions because of his intervention in the Pullman Strike. The Republican Mugwumps supported this Democratic president's 1884 second term. He supported the gold standard rather than Free Silver. Allan Nevins wrote that "he possessed honesty, courage, firmness, independence, and common sense. But he possessed them to a degree other men do not." Name this president, the only one to serve two nonconsecutive terms.

Getulio Vargas

This populist, anti-Communist leader of Brazil controlled Brazil for 16 years. He agreed to cede power in free elections after World War II, and his popularity earned him a later presidential term. Name this leader of Brazil, who had an era named after him lasting from 1930 to 1946

Girolamo Savonarola

This preacher foretold a biblical flood and the coming of a reformer that would change the Church. This friar had influence in France, and helped make it a popular republic. He later became an enemy of Pope Alexander VI. Name this man who, under torture, revealed his prophecies to be hoaxes.

Bill Clinton

This president signed NAFTA into law. He had the highest out of office approval rating than any president since WWII and was involved in the Lewinsky Scandal. Name this president who defeated George H W Bush in 1992.

Peasants' Revolts

This rebellion, in part led by Wat Tyler, was a large-scale revolt in England due to taxes and poor leadership. The rebels wished to abolish serfdom. This rebellion was quelled in London by Richard II after the rebels killed the Lord Chancellor and Lord High Treasurer.

Weimar Republic

This republic replaced the imperial government in Germany. It ended in 1933 after the Third Reich was established. Name this republic, which is named after a city in Thuringia, Germany.

Bacon's Rebellion

This revolt was caused by William Berkley's political snubbing of Nathaniel B. and failure to address the colonists' security demands. It resulted in the burning of Jamestown. The rebels attempted to drive the Doeg tribe from Virginia. Name this rebellion.

Henry II

This ruler of England married Eleanor of Aquitane. He expanded his territory into France, receiving animosity from Louis VII. Name this man whose successor was Richard the Lionhearted.

Henry VII

This ruler of England won the Battle of Bosworth Fields, making him the first English monarch from the House of Tudor. He restored political stability after the Wars of the Roses.

Constantine

This ruler of Rome was looked upon by the Church as the paragon of righteousness. He pursued many successful military campaigns against the tribes of Europe. Name this ruler who had a city named after him in Turkey.

Ostrogoths

Under Theodoric the Great, these people established a kingdom in Italy in the 400's and 500's CE. They were subjugated by the Huns. After losing to Justinian I, they gained back their territory under Totila. After his death, they were absorbed into the Lombards and established another kingdom in Italy.