History ch 8 Test

What are the two components of declarative memory?

semantic memory and episodic memory

In order to remember the lines for a play, Andrew keeps repeating his lines over and over again. What process is he using?

Effortful processing

When people say you never forget how to ride a bike, what type of memory are they referring to?

Implicit memories

How is an explicit memory different from an implicit memory?

Implicit memory is not in our consciousness, we perform it in our actions. Explicit memories are memories we consciously try to remember and recall.

What is the main ides of the Stroop effect?

It demonstrates the psychological difficulty of selectively attending to the color of the ink and trying to ignore the word it forms.

How does encoding information occurs?

It occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.

What is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time?

Memory

According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, what is memory compared to?

Opening different files on a computer and adding information.

Maria enjoys knitting. When she goes to college, she has less time to knit and stops knitting. After graduation, she wants to knit again, so she practices until she gets good again. What is this an example of?

Procedural memory

When trying to remember all of the names of the 50 states, what kind of memory am I using as I remember and recall the information?

Recall

James remembers his dog's name and his cat's name bust he cannot remember the name of his first grade teacher's dog and cat. What is this an example of?

Sensory memory

If I tell you that you have to memorize the 50 states for a test, which of the following is not a way you can use what you know about memory to help you remember the names of all 50 states?

Staying up all night to study them.

What did a researcher identify by timing participants on how long they took to name colors when the semantic meaning of the word differed from the color it was presented in?

The Stroop effect

What is a good example of acoustic encoding?

being able to hum the tune to a song even when you can't remember the lyrics

According to Craik and Tulving, how do we process verbal information best?

Through semantic encoding.

Luke looks over his presentation and notices that some of the words were written in bold and others in italics. His ability to remember the difference is an example of what type of encoding?

Visual encoding

Mark finds it difficult to learn the alphabet until he hears an alphabet song, which helps him easily remember it. What kind of encoding is he using?

acoustic encoding

What is a good example of encoding?

dreaming about a beach and deciding to take a vacation

What is a good example of procedural memory?

how to use the phone

According to Baddeley and Hitch, what do they say about how people remember their colors?

if it appears printed in that color

When you take a multiple-choice test, what kind of memory are you using?

recognition

What is a food example of visual encoding?

remembering the colors of the rainbow by thinking about a bag of Skittles

Which is a good example of semantic memory?

remembering what the word chocolate means

What is a good example of episodic memory?

remembering your first day of school

Tom is asked to memorize the word feline, canine, and avian. He remembers the words by associating them with their synonyms: dog, cat, and bird. What type of encoding is this an example of?

semantic encoding