History: Chapter 23 (sections 3 and 4)
Where did Napoleon Bonaparte go when he was 9?
He was sent away by his parents to France to a military school
What happened when Napoleon Bonaparte and his men crossed the Alps?
He went into Italy and won a series of victories
What piece of work did Napoleon Bonaparte think was his greatest work?
His comprehensive system of laws called the Napoleonic Code
What happened since Napoleon Bonaparte lost the Battle of Trafalgar?
His empire tumbled
What did the Law Makes do once Napoleon Bonaparte took power?
They voted to dissolve the Directory
What did Napoleon Bonaparte set up in November 1806?
A blockade (a forcible closing of ports) to prevent all trade and communication between Great Britain and other European nations
How did France see Napoleon Bonaparte?
As a great hero to the people of France
Who is Napoleon Bonaparte?
A French military leader who would lead France one day
What is a sudden seizure of power (like Napoleon Bonaparte's) is called?
A French phrase "coup d'état" meaning "blow to the state."
What was held in 1800 France?
A plebiscite (vote of the people) to approve a new constitution
What did the Napoleonic Code give the French?
A uniform set of laws and eliminated many injustices
What is the Peninsular War?
A war/military conflict between Napoleon's empire and the allied powers of Spain, Britain and Portugal
What happened as a result of war?
All three nations signed peace agreements with France
What did Napoleon set up? (hint bank, money)
An efficient method of tax collection and established a national banking system. Also, ensuring the government a steady supply of tax money (these actions promoted sound financial management and better control of the economy)
Who are the guerrillas?
Bands of Spanish peasant fighters
Which countries were free of Napoleon Bonaparte's reign in 1812?
Britain, Portugal, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire
What happened by 1802?
Europe was at peace for the first time in ten years
How long did Napoleon Bonaparte be able to maintain France's greatest extent?
From 1807 to 1812
What are Lycées?
Government-run public schools. These schools were open to male students of all backgrounds. Graduates were appointed to public office on the basis of merit rather than family connections
What did Napoleon Bonaparte have already done?
He had already annexed the Austrian Netherlands and parts of Italy to France and set up a puppet government in Switzerland
What title did Napoleon Bonaparte take after the Law Makers established consuls instead of the Directory?
He took the title as the first consul and assumed the powers of a dictator
Where did the Battle of Trafalgar take place?
In 1805 off the southwest coast of Spain
What did Napoleon Bonaparte manage to do?
Keep stories about his setbacks out of the newspapers
To avoid future corrupted officials and in order to provide the government with trained officials, Napoleon Bonaparte set up... Napoleon thought that his greatest work was his comprehensive system of laws, known as the Napoleonic Code. This gave the country a uniform set of laws and eliminated many injustices. However, it actually limited liberty and promoted order and authority over individual rights. For example, freedom of speech and of the press, established during the Revolution, were restricted under the code. The code also restored slavery in the French colonies of the Caribbean. 664 Chapter 23 Analyzing Motives Why do you think Napoleon crowned himself emperor? Napoleon Crowned as Emperor In 1804, Napoleon decided to make himself emperor, and the French voters supported him. On December 2, 1804, dressed in a splendid robe of purple velvet, Napoleon walked down the long aisle of Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris. The pope waited for him with a glittering crown. As thou- sands watched, the new emperor took the crown from the pope and placed it on his own head. With this gesture, Napoleon signaled that he was more powerful than the Church, which had traditionally crowned the rulers of France.
Lycées
Where was Napoleon Bonaparte born?
Mediterranean Island of Corsica
What happened in 1803?
Napoleon Bonaparte sold all of the Louisiana Territory to the United States to President Jefferson's administration and they agreed to purchase the land for $15 million
What happened June 1812?
Napoleon and his Grand Army of more than 420,000 soldiers marched into Russia
What did Napoleon Bonaparte do when restoring order?
Napoleon did not try to return the nation to the days of Louis XVI. He kept many of the changes that had come with the Revolution
What did Napoleon Bonaparte envision in his Western Empire?
Napoleon envisioned his western empire to have Louisiana, Florida, French Guiana, and the French West Indies included in it
What did Napoleon Bonaparte get from selling the Americas?
Napoleon gained money to finance operations in Europe
What happened to Napoleon Bonaparte towards the end of his life?
Napoleon lived in lonely exile for six years, he died in 1821 of a stomach ailment (perhaps cancer).
What did Napoleon Bonaparte do in November 1799?
Napoleon seized political power so his troops surrounded the national legislature and drove out most of its members
What did Napoleon Bonaparte want?
Napoleon wanted to control the rest of Europe and to reassert French power in the Americas
Was Napoleon Bonaparte's blockade work?
Napoleon's blockade was not nearly tight, (aided by the British) smugglers managed to bring cargo from Britain into Europe
What happened on October 1795 to Napoleon Bonaparte?
Royalist rebels marched on the National Convention and a government official told Napoleon to defend the delegates. Napoleon and his gunners killed thousands of royalists with a cannonade. Napoleon Bonaparte became the hero of the hour and was hailed throughout Paris as the savior of the French republic
What did the Napoleonic Code restore?
Slavery in the French colonies of the Caribbean
In his drive for a European empire, Napoleon Bonaparte lost only one major battle called...
The Battle of Trafalgar
What did the British do due to the cause of fear?
The British persuaded Russia, Austria, and Sweden to join them against France
What did Napoleon Bonaparte call this policy and blockade?
The Continental System because it was supposed to make continental Europe more self sufficient
What happened by 1799?
The Directory had lost control of the political situation and the confidence of the French people
What happened in 1796?
The French Directory appointed Napoleon to lead a French army against the forces of Austria and the Kingdom of Sardinia
What happened in 1789?Napoleon decided to cut his losses in the Americas. He offered to sell all of the Louisiana Territory to the United States, and in 1803 President Jefferson's administration agreed to purchase the land for $15 million. Napoleon saw a twofold benefit to the sale. First, he would gain money to finance operations in Europe. Second, he would punish the British. "The sale assures forever the power of the United States," he observed, "and I have given England a rival who, sooner or later, will humble her pride." Conquering Europe Having abandoned his imperial ambitions in the New World, Napoleon turned his attention to Europe. He had already annexed the Austrian Netherlands and parts of Italy to France and set up a puppet government in Switzerland. Now he looked to expand his influence further. Fearful of his ambitions, the British persuaded Russia, Austria, and Sweden to join them against France. Napoleon met this challenge with his usual boldness. In a series of brilliant battles, he crushed the opposition. (See the map on page 666.) The commanders of the enemy armies could never predict his next move and often took heavy losses. After the Battle of Austerlitz in 1805, Napoleon issued a proclamation expressing his pride in his troops
The loss of American Territories
What did the Russians do?
They did the scorched-earth policy
What did the Law Makers establish instead of the Directory?
They established a group of three consuls (one of whom was Napoleon)
What did the plebiscite give Napoleon Bonaparte?
This gave all real power to Napoleon as first consul
What did the Napoleonic Code limit?
This limited liberty and promoted order and authority over individual rights
What did Napoleon Bonaparte decide to do with the Americas?
To cut his losses in the Americas
What did Napoleon Bonaparte intend to destroy?
To destroy Great Britain's commercial and industrial economy
What did Napolean Bonaparte try to do to protect French trade interests? However, Napoleon managed to keep stories about his setbacks out of the newspapers and thereby remained a great hero to the people of France.
To disrupt British trade with India, Napoleon went on an expedition to Egypt. He was unsuccessful. His army was pinned down in Egypt, and the British admiral Horatio Nelson defeated his naval forces
Why did Britain, Austria, and Russia join forces in 1799?
To drive Napoleon out from power.
What did Napoleon Bonaparte do in 1808?
To get Portugal to accept the Continental System, Napoleon sent an invasion force through Spain
What is the scorched-earth policy?
Where people burn grain fields and slaughter livestock so nothing is left for the enemy to eat
What was Napoleon Bonaparte good at?
Winning battles and taking over lands