History, Chapter 9

satraps

Governors of Persian provinces

Alexander the Great

Philips son was a strong leader and immediately went to end revolt in Thebes, and built an empire and became one of the greatest conquerers ever

Hippocrates

greatest Greek doctor wanted to figure out what caused diseases so he could better treat them but is known today for his ideas for how doctors should act today

Aristotle

greatest Greek thinker and Plato was his student. he taught that people should live lives in moderation, or balanced people should not be greedy, but they should not be giving everything they own.

he got sick

how did Alexander die

they both want to conquer Greece

how was Xerxes similar to Darius

farmers and grew food for the wealthy

in Athens, what did most of the boys from poor families become

Euclid

interested in geometry, the study of lines, angles and shapes

Xerxes I

ten years after the battle of Marathon, tried to conquer Greece again. 480 BC, the Persian army got out of Greece

Deliah

the Athenian domination of which League caused Sparta to declare war on Athens

Persian Wars

the invasion began a series of wars between Persia and Greece in the 400's BC

Hellenistic

the spread of this culture brought Greek customs to new parts of the world

using the human mind to think and understand

What did Greek philosophers believe was more important than anything

Parthenon

a building constructed in Athens in the 400s BC

Sophocles

a famous Greek playwright

phalanx

a group of warriors who stood close together in a square

Zoroastrian

a religion based on the battle between good and evil

Plato

a student of Socrates. he created a school, the academy, which students, philosophers and scientists could come to discuss ideas. he wrote the Republic

cavalry

a unit of soldiers who ride horses

Cyrus the Great

a very successful emperor. He let people keep their own customs, and didn't mistreat people. allowed babylonians to keep worshiping their own gods.

Peloponnesian War

a war between Athens and Sparta that threatened to fear all of Greece apart

alliance

an agreement to work together

reason

clear and ordered thinking

Philip II

350 BC became king of Macedonia. first year of his role, fought off invaders. after launched invasions of his own

Socrates

Believed people should never stop thinking. was a teacher and a thinker. taught by asking questions. he was also arrested and sentenced to death because of his teachings.

strong and well organized

what describes the Persian army

warfare and battle

what did the ancient Greeks value most

his exhausted troops refused to fight anymore

what happened after Alexander and his army crossed the Indus River in India

the troops were too tired to fight

what happened after troops crossed the Indus River

his empire was divided into three kingdoms

what happened to Alexander's empire when he died

he didn't unite to fight

what made it easy for Philip to conquer Greece

Egypt

what place did Alexander conquer without fighting

Greek cities thought Athens was getting too strong

what started the Peloponnesian War

tall columns

what surrounded Greek temples

Cyrus' son died in a rebellion in Persia

what took place before Darius ruled Persia

making Persia's empire strong

what was Darius most interested in doing

Rome

what was not part of Alexander's kingdom

preparing for battle

what was the most important aspect of life in Sparta

the creation roads

what was the one improvement that Darius made to the Persian Empire

Philip was Alexander's father

what was the relationship between Philip and Alexander

Sparta was the most powerful city

what was the result of the Peloponnesian War

Solamis battle and Platea battle

which two battles showed Greece's power and cleverness

so he could show his pride and glory

why did Darius fill his palace with bling

the Greeks aided a rebellion against Persia

why did Darius get angry at the Greeks

they strong shaped Western society

why were the Greek achievements so important

they were considered other explanations than Gods

why were the Greek philosophers so important

Darius I

within four years claimed the throne and killed all of his rivals for power. restored order in Persia. improved society and expanded the society.