History Exam 4

Under Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction:

10 percent of the 1860 voters had to take an oath of allegiance to the Union

The military death toll in the Civil War was roughly:

750,000

Much of the Confederacy's diplomatic efforts were aimed at:

Britain

At Petersburg:

Grant put the Confederate under siege

At the Battle of Chancellorsville:

Lee gave Hooker a lesson in the art of "elusive mobility"

At Appomattox Court House:

Lee surrendered to Grant

All of the following are true about the Battle of Antietam EXCEPT:

McClellan vigorously pursued the retreating Lee

All of the following slave states remained in the Union EXCEPT:

Tennessee

Most carpetbaggers were:

Union veterans

All of the following battles resulted in Confederate victories EXCEPT:

Vicksburg

The main issue that caused the dispute between Congress and President Johnson was

a growing conflict of opinion over Reconstruction policy

Which of the following was NOT a task of the Freedmen's Bureau?

arming the freedmen

Why was Johnson picked as Lincoln's running mate in 1864?

as a gesture of unity, they combined to create a National Union ticket

During Reconstruction, African Americans:

attempted to establish schools

Congress did all of the following during the war EXCEPT:

ban foreign immingration

All of the following statements about the formation of black army units are true EXCEPT:

black army units never saw any significant action

Ulysses S. Grant

brought little political experience and judgement to the presidency

The Radical state governments in the South did all the following EXCEPT:

cut taxes

When, in late 1865, the former Confederate states sent a number of ex-Confederates to Congress, the Unionists in Congress:

denied them their seats

Winfield Scott

devised the Union's "Anaconda Plan"

Johnson's Proclamation of Amnesty excluded:

everybody with taxable property worth more than $20,00

Democrats generally favored "sound" or "hard" monetary policies.

false

Lincoln replaced McClellan as Union commander because McClellan was overly aggressive.

false

The 14th Amendment recognized the validity of Confederate debts.

false

The 15th Amendment freed the slaves.

false

The Freedmen's Bureau was the first federal experiment in providing assistance directly to people rather than to states.

false

The North's victory in the Civil War was guaranteed because the South enjoyed no significant advantages over the Union.

false

The South emerged from the Civil War with a strong, diversified economy.

false

Union forces suffered defeat at Shiloh due to Grant's heavy drinking

false

Fighting along the Kansas-Missouri border:

featured brutal guerrilla warfare

The 1866 congressional elections:

gave Republicans veto-proof majorities

At the beginning of the Civil War, the North:

had an edge of about 4 to 1 in potential manpower

George Pickett

had his division destroyed at the Battle of Gettysburg

Johnson violated the Tenure of Office Act when:

he tried to remove one of his cabinet members without Senate permission

Andrew Johnson was

impeached by the House but not convicted by the Senate

All of the following statements about the 15th Amendment are true EXCEPT:

it ended slavery

The South had a chance to win the Civil War despite substantial northern advantages because:

it had the advantage of fighting a defensive war

The argument that the Civil War began primarily as a southern fight to defend liberty and the right of self-government is unsatisfactory because:

it ignores the actual reason-slavery-southern leaders used in 1860-1861 to justify secession and war

Emancipation had what impact on the South?

it left the South's agricultural economy is disarray

Why did service in the Union army or navy benefit many freedmen?

it provided training in leadership and alerted them to new opportunities in economic advancement and civic leadership

What effect did the Union naval blockade of southern ports have on the Confederacy?

it quickly choked off southern commercial activity

How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the nature of the Civil War?

it transformed the Civil War from a war to restore the Union to a struggle over slavery

Why did the Radical-led Congress pass the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

it was a response to the black codes and the neo-slavery system created by unrepentant southern legislatures

What does the "Anaconda" Plan refer to?

it was the initial three-pronged Union strategy that included, among other things, a blockade of the southern coast to strangle the South.

Why is the battle at Fort Donelson significant?

it was the site of the first major Union victory

All of the following were strategies used to build the armies of the Civil War except:

kidnapping recent immigrants

In South Carolina, the fact that lower-class whites enjoyed unprecedented political power under Radical Republican rule:

led many former Confederate leaders to oppose the Radical state legislature

Hood's attack at Franklin:

led to his army's slaughter

William T. Sherman

marched through Georgia living off the land while destroyed plantations, crops, and railroad lines

Southern efforts to re-create a society that looked similar to the Confederacy had what political impact?

moderate Republicans moved to support Radical Republicans' Reconstruction policies.

All of the following were advantages the North held over the South EXCEPT:

more experienced military leaders

Which of the following is NOT true of the Civil War?

most of the deaths occurred in batle

Of all the women who served during the war, some 20,000 did so as:

nurses and other health-related volunteers

Most scalawags were white southerners who had:

opposed secession

The main purpose of the Union League was to:

organize groups of Republicans in the South

As Union commander, Grant was best characterized by his:

plan to relentlessly attack

The Military Reconstruction Act:

required new state constitutions in the South

All of the following are true about African American involvement in the political arena during Reconstruction EXCEPT:

several African Americans were elected as governors

To deal with disloyalty, Lincoln sometimes:

suspended habeas corpus

Slavery was ultimately eradicated by:

the 13th Amendment

More than any other general, William T. Sherman recognized:

the connection between the South's economy, its morale, and its ability to wage war

The Radical Republicans understood that essential to maintaining Republican control of the federal government was:

the right of ex-slaves to vote

Which of the following statements best describes the Civil War at the end of 1862?

the war in the East was a virtual deadlock

Why did Confederate President Jefferson Davis's greatest challenges come from other southern politicians?

their insistence on states' rights made it difficult for the Confederate government

Many former Confederates resented the new state constitutions imposed by Radical Republicans because:

their provisions allowed for black voting and civil rights

Draftees on either side who chose not to serve had which one of the following legal options?

they could hire a substitute

Which of the following statements accurately describes the response of increasing numbers of enslaved blacks in the South as the Civil War dragged on?

they worked in a variety of ways to undermine and weaken the Confederacy

Why did Radical Republicans want to disenfranchise former Confederates?

to keep former Confederates from electing Democrats eager to restore the old southern ruling class to power

Why did congressional Republicans write the Wade-Davis Manifesto?

to protest Lincoln's veto of the Wade-Davis Bill and accuse Lincoln of exceeding his constitutional authority

The "black codes" enacted by southern legislatures:

tried to restore white supremacy

"Scalawags" were generally Republicans native to the South who had opposed secession.

true

After the House of Representatives impeached President Johnson, the Senate failed to convict him by just one vote.

true

Congress in 1862 resorted to printing paper money to address the shortfall in tax revenues.

true

Copperheads were members of the extreme fringe of the peace wing of the Democratic party.

true

Despite winning the popular vote in 1876, Samuel Tilden lost the presidency.

true

For many American women, the Civil War loosened traditional restraints on female activity.

true

General Grant's strategy was to relentlessly attack the Confederates and focus on crippling the Rebel armies.

true

In the Compromise of 1877, Republicans promised to withdraw the last federal troops from the South.

true

President Johnson's plan to restore the Union closely resembled Lincoln's.

true

The Battle of Antietam marked the bloodiest single day of the Civil War.

true

The First Battle of Bull Run was a Union defeat.

true

The most popular religious denomination among blacks in the postwar South was Baptist.

true

Waving, "the bloody shirt" meant referring to the Civil War and the southern rebellion in order to discredit political opponents.

true

One of the reasons that the First Battle of Bull Run was such a sobering experience for both North and South was that both sides

underestimated the other's strength and tenacity

President Johnson fully broke with Congress in 1866 when he:

vetoed the Civil Rights Act

What was the main reason Congress impeached Andrew Johnson?

violation of the Tenure of Office Act

Andrew Jackson

was Lincoln's second vice president

Lincoln's assassin, John Wilkes Booth:

was a pro-Confederate actor

Lincoln's successor, Andrew Johnson

was a pro-Union southerner

the Emancipation Proclamation:

was justified by Lincoln as a military necessitary

Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson

was killed at Chancellorsville

Thaddeus Stevens

was one of the leaders of the Radical Republicans

By late in the war, food in the Confederacy:

was outrageously expensive

At Gettysburg, the Confederate army:

was repulsed with terrible losses

George B. McClellan

was the 1864 Democratic presidential candidate

The first real battle of the war:

was the First Battle of Bull run

David Farragut

was the Union admiral who captured Mobile, Alabama

Jefferson Davis

was the president of the Confederacy

Alexander Stephens

was the vice president of the Confederacy

Johnson's Reconstruction plan:

would restore the Union fairly quickly