History- midterm- chapter 2

Which of the following best describes how the English viewed Native American ties to the land?

Although they felt the natives had no claim since they did not cultivate or improve the land, the English usually bought their land, albeit through treaties they forced on Indians

Which one of the following lists these colonies in the proper chronological order by the dates they were founded, from the earliest to the latest?

Jamestown, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island

Puritans followed the religious ideas of the French-born theologian:

John Calvin.

Which of the following is NOT a way that colonists undermined traditional Native American agriculture and hunting?

Their refusal to build fences and permanent structures created conflict with Native American hunting methods.

Why did the Pilgrims flee the Netherlands?

They felt that the surrounding culture was corrupting their children.

Where in the Americas did the Pilgrims originally plan to go?

Virginia

Which statement about women in the early Virginia colony is FALSE? a. women mostly came to Virginia as indenture servants. b. some women took advantage of their legal status as femme sole. c. women consisted of about half the white population. d. women often married at a relatively late age- mid-twenties. e. there was a high death rate among women.

Women consisted of about half the white population.

A consequence of the English Civil War of the 1640s was:

an English belief that England was the world's guardian of liberty.

Puritans viewed individual and personal freedom as:

dangerous to social harmony and community stability

The Half-way Covenant of 1662:

did not require evidence of conversion to receive a kind of church membership.

As a result of British landowners evicting peasants from their lands in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries:

efforts were made to persuade or even force those who had been evicted to settle in the New World, thereby easing the British population crisis.

Tobacco production in Virginia:

enriched an emerging class of planters and certain members of the colonial government.

It can be argued that conflict between the English settlers and local Indians in Virginia became inevitable when:

the Native Americans realized that England wanted to establish a permanent and constantly expanding colony, not just a trading post.

A central element in the definition of English liberty was:

the right to a trial by jury.

Which one of the following is true of indentured servants?

their masters could determine whether they could marry.

How did most Puritans view the separation of church and state?

they allowed church and state to be interconnected by requiring each town to establish church and levy a tax to support the minister.

The Puritans believed that male authority in the household was:

to be unquestioned.

Maryland was similar to Virginia in that:

tobacco proved crucial to its economy and society.

Maryland's founder, Cecilius Calvert:

wanted Maryland to be like a feudal domain, with power limited for ordinary people.

In Great Britain, the idea of working for wages:

was associated with servility and the loss of liberty.

The Virginia House of Burgesses:

was created as part of the Virginia Company's effort to encourage the colony's survival.

The marriage between John Rolfe and Pocahontas:

was seen in England as sign of Anglo-Indian harmony and missionary success.

In the battles between Parliament and the Stuart kings, English freedom:

was the excuse given for restoring Charles II in 1685.

The 104 settlers who remained in Virginia after the ships that brought them from England returned home:

were all men, reflecting the Virginia Company's interest in searching for gold as opposed to building a functioning society.

John Winthrop followed which one of the following policies toward Native Americans?

He insisted that they agree to submit to English authority

When Roger Williams established the colony of Rhode Island:

He made sure that it was more democratic then Massachusetts bay

What was Puritan leader and Massachusetts Bay Governor John Winthrop's attitude toward liberty?

He saw two kinds of liberty: natural liberty, the ability to do evil, and moral liberty, the ability to do good.

Why was the death rate in early Jamestown so high?

It lay beside a malarial swamp.

Why did England consider Spain its enemy by the late 1500s?

Because of religious differences: England had officially broken with the Roman Catholic Church, while Spain was devoutly Catholic.

Maryland was established as a refuge for which group?

Catholics

In the Pequot War of 1637:

Connecticut and Massachusetts soldiers teamed with Narragansett allies to set the main Pequot village afire and kill 500 Pequot's.

During the reign of ________________, the English government turned its attention to North America by granting charters to Humphrey Gilbert and Walter Raleigh for the establishment of colonies there.

Elizabeth I

How did Richard Hakluyt explain his claim that there was a connection between freedom and colonization?

English colonization would save the New World from Spanish tyranny.

In what way was Puritan church membership a restrictive status?

Full membership required demonstrating that one had experienced divine grace

In the seventeenth century, New England's economy:

Involved the export of fish and timber.

Just as the reconquest of Spain from the Moors established patterns that would be repeated in Spanish New World colonization, the methods used in which one of the following countries anticipated policies England would undertake in America?

Ireland

How did Virginia Company reshape the colony's development?

It instituted the headright system, giving fifty acres of land to each colonist who paid for his own or another's passage.

Which one of the following is an accurate statement about the class-based society of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

It institutionalized the colony's policy of religious toleration.

Which colony adopted the Act Concerning Religion in 1649, which institutionalized the principle of religious toleration?

Maryland

Opechancanough:

Mounted a surprise attack in 1622 that wiped out one-quarter of Virginia's settlers

In regard to religion:

Native Americans showed indifference to European religious conflict.

What benefited the Pilgrims when they landed at Plymouth?

Native Americans, decimated by disease, left behind cleared fields for farming.

How did indentured servants display a fondness for freedom?

Some of them ran away or were disobedient toward their masters.

Why did Puritans decide to emigrate from England in the late 1620s and 1630s?

The Church of England was firing their ministers and censoring their writings.

Which one of the following is an accurate statement regarding the impact on Maryland of seventeenth-century England's Protestant-Catholic conflict?

The English government temporarily repealed Calvert's ownership of Maryland and the colony's policies of religious toleration.

Which of the following is true of the Puritans' dealings with Quakers?

Their officials in Massachusetts punished Quakers financially and physically, even hanging several of them.

Which of the following statements is true about the early history of Jamestown?

The death rate was extraordinarily high.

The Mayflower Compact established:

a written government for the Plymouth colony

Which one of the following is true of poverty in seventeenth-century Great Britain?

about half of the population live at or below the poverty line by the end of the seventeenth century.

In the 1640s, leaders of the House of Commons:

accused the king of imposing taxes without parliamentary consent.

The Levellers:

called for strengthening of freedom and democracy at a time when those principles were seen as possibly contributing to anarchy.

Boston merchants:

challenged the subordination of economic activity to Puritan control.

Who received most of the profits from trade between Native Americans and colonists?

colonial and European merchants

Virginia's colonial policy of requiring Native Americans to move to reservations:

followed precedent established by the English in Ireland.

The Puritan minister Thomas Hooker:

founded what became part of the colony of Connecticut.

The Magna Carta:

granted many liberties, but mainly to lords and barons.

During the seventeenth century, indentured servants:

had a great deal of trouble acquiring land.

What did English settlers in North America believe was the basis of liberty?

land

The Native American leader Powhatan:

managed to consolidate control over some thirty nearby tribes.

Of the half million people who left England between 1607 and 1700:

more went to the West Indies than to North America.

In New England towns:

much of the land remained in common, for collective use or to be divided among later settlers.

During the English political upheaval between 1640 and 1660:

new religious sects began demanding the end of public financing and special privileges for the Anglican Church.

How did John Winthrop view a woman's liberty?

once a woman married a man, she was his subject.

The Massachusetts General Court:

reflected the Puritans' desire to govern the colony without outside interference.

In regard to religious toleration, the Puritans:

saw only their faith as truth.

Which English group did the most to reshape Native American society an culture in the seventeenth century?

settlers farming the land.

Which one of the following statements is true of Queen Mary of England, who reigned from 1553 to 1558?

she temporarily restored Catholicism as the state religion in England.

At Anne Hutchinson's trial:

she violated Puritan doctrine by claiming that God spoke to her directly rather than through ministers or the Bible.

Most seventeenth-century migrants to North America from England:

were lower-class men.

In early seventeenth-century Massachusetts, freeman status was granted to adult males who:

where landowning church members