History of the Atom
What are the 4 elements that a certain philosopher theorized everything is composed of those 4 elements.
Aristotle came up with the idea that everything is made up of 4 elements. Those 4 being fire, water, air, and earth.
What is the main difference between Democritus and Aristotle's model of the atom?
Aristotle says that everything must be made of 4 elements while Democritus says everything is made up of very small things.
Who came up with the theory that matter is made of 4 elements.
Aristotle.
How does Bohr's atomic model build on Rutherford's model?
Bohr built onto Rutherford because Rutherford said that the atom had a nucleus and inside the nucleus was electrons which surrounded the proton. Bohr built on by saying that the electron orbits instead of just surrounding the proton.
Iron (Fe) and Lead (Pb) are both metals, but Fe is harder than Pb. How do you think Dalton might have explained this difference?
Dalton would say that since all atoms are completely different from each other. The things that are completely different in this case is the hardness of the elements.
Who came up with the idea "If you break matter in half, then again, then again what will you get?"
Democritus
Who came up with the theory of matter is made of atoms.
Democritus
Who came up with the theory that atoms are indivisible and indestructible
Democritus
Who came up with the word "Atomos"
Democritus
How did Democritus come to think about the existence of atoms?
Democritus thought that if you break something over and over at what point when can you not break it. That point is the atom.
Who conducted the gold foil experiment?
Ernest Rutherford
Who discovered the discovered the nucleus and proton
Ernest Rutherford
When was the nucleus discovered and who discovered it.
Ernest Rutherford 1911
Why didn't Lise Meitner get a Nobel Prize
Her co-workers Planck and Otto took credit for meitner's work.
Who said the following (and why) " All learning must begin with the posing of a question"
I believe that Democritus said the quote because Democritus asked a question. This question was "If you break matter if half, then break it again, then again, what do you get?" that what do you get is the question and that is where our learning of the atom began.
What was discovered inside the atom.
In the center of the atom a small positively charged thing named the nucleus was discovered. It was discovered because same charged things repel.
Who discovered the electron?
JJ Thomson, 1897
Who discovered the neutron (n)?
James Chadwick in 1932
Who came up with the idea that atoms combine in certain ratios to form compounds
John Dalton
Who came up with the theory that atoms of the same element are exactly alike
John Dalton
Who came up with theory that all substances are made of atoms.
John Dalton
Who theorized that atoms cannot be created or destroyed
John Dalton
Who came up with atomic theory
John Dalton, 1803
Who came up with the idea that different elements have different atoms
John Daton
Who came up with the theory of nuclear fission and what it is?
Lise Meitner came up with nuclear fission. Nuclear fission is when a neutron collides with a uranium atom and splits it, releasing a large amount of energy
Who hypothesized that the atom was not solid
Marie Curie, she came up with this theory when she noticed marks on her notebook when she left it in the drawer with radium.
Who created the standard model
Murray Gell-Mann in 1970
Who theorized that electrons travel in orbits around the nucleus.
Niels Bohr
Explain our current understanding of the atom
Our current understand of the atom is the standard model. The standard model says that the is an electron cloud, it also says that the nucleus has a neutrons and protons. The protons and neutrons contain quarks inside them.
How did Rutherford know that an atom was mostly empty space?
Rutherford knew that an atom was mostly empty space because many particles went through the thin gold sheet.
How did Rutherford know that the nucleus was positively charged?
Rutherford knew that the nucleus was positively charged because the particles shot out were also positively charged. Since things with the same charge repel each other that means that the nucleus must be positive.
What is the main difference between Rutherford and Bohr's model of the atom?
Rutherford says that the electrons are messy and scattered. Bohr says that the electrons are organized and are in an orbit.
Who created the electron cloud model?
Schrodinger and Heisenberg
What was the gold foil experiment?
The Gold Foil Experiment when Rutherford shot particles through a thin gold foil sheet.
What was concluded about atoms from the gold foil experiment.
The atom is mostly empty space because most atoms went through.
In your own words, what is the difference between Dalton's and Democritus views?
The difference is that Dalton built onto Democritus view by talking about how atoms are composed of elements.
Explain the Electron Cloud Model of the atom
The electron cloud model or ECM says that we don't know the exact location of the electron but we know where the general area where the electrons are. Then there is the nucleus and inside the nucleus is a proton.
What does Dalton's "atoms combine in certain ratio to form compounds" mean?
The relative number and kinds of atoms are constant in a given compound no matter where or how old it is.
What is the standard model
The standard model says that there is an electron cloud (Heisenberg/Schrodinger). Then there is a nucleus that is inside the electron cloud. Inside the nucleus there are protons and neutrons which both have quarks.
What is the main difference between Curie and Thomson's model of the atom?
Thomson says atoms are made up of pos+neg particles. Curie says atoms doesn't have anything in them.
How would Thomson explain to a colleague that he believes that an atom must contain negatively charged particles?
Thomson would say that he shot positively charged particles and they went to the positive side. Since same charged particles were repel then it would be impossible for positive to go to positive. So there must be a negatively charged thing and vise versa for a negatively charged particle.
What exactly happened when the neutron collided with Uranium
When the neutron collided with Uranium (92 protons) it got split into two different elements. Those two being Barium (56 protons) and Krupton (36 protons).
What is the double slit experiment
a demonstration that electrons and matter can act like a wave and particle.
What is the neutron
a subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge
What does is the double-slit experiment suggesting about the electron?
that electrons and matter can act like a wave and particle.
