History Test 2

What percent of Americans were investing in the stock market prior to the crash?

2.5%

Approximately how many women served in the military during WWII?

350,000

Of the over 110,000 Japanese-descended Americans who were detained in internment camps, approximately how many were American citizens?

70,000

Roughly ____ of all German casualties in World War II came in the battle against the Soviet Union

80%

How did federal housing programs discriminate against Americans of color?

All of the above

How did the United States respond to Japanese aggression in the Pacific?

Applying economic pressure to Japan to deter military expansion

Why was Emmett Till murdered?

Allegedly whistling at a white woman

What was the name of the 1950s counterculture that rejected the values of conformity and domesticity?

Beats

When was the Atlantic Charter issued?

Before the United States entered World War II

Where did Germany first invade?

Belgium

What was the primary purpose of the failed Equal Rights Amendment?

Eliminate all legal distinctions based on sex

Why was Douglas MacArthur removed from command?

He was publicly insubordinate to the Commander in Chief

Which of the following statements are true regarding Soong May-ling, known to the public as Madame Chiang?

Her American education made her an effective diplomat in Chinese-American relations

How did attitudes toward sex change in the 1920s?

Many college-educated white women rebelled against "Victorian" notions of sexuality, leading to an increase in premarital sex

What is the name of the University of Chicago economist who helped to develop the intellectual position of libertarian economics?

Milton Friedman

Which of the following statements regarding immigration during the Great Depression is true?

More people left the United States than entered it during the Great Depression

Which of the following actions did FDR take to advance civil rights for African Americans?

None of these occurred

Before turning to military expansionism, Japanese leaders were also considering which of the following strategies? *

Pan-Asian anti-colonialism

Who first challenged segregation on buses?

Sarah Keys

Army General John "Black Jack" Pershing used all of the following technologies in his attempt to capture Pancho Villa EXCEPT

Destroyers

What was the result of the King-Crane Commission?

Discovery that most inhabitants of the Middle East favored an independent state free of European control

The churches most common in suburban America tended most frequently celebrated which of the following cultural values?

Economic individualism

Greece and Turkey were early flashpoints in the Cold War. How did the United States respond to unrest in Greece and Turkey in 1947?

The United States sent $400 million to both nations to be used in resisting communism

Warren G. Harding won office by campaigning on which theme

a return to normalcy

Women served in the armed forces during World War I. They served in all of the following positions EXCEPT

commissioned officers

Two events are widely credited with inspiring the rebirth of the Ku Klux Klan. One is the release of the film The Birth of the Nation. What was the second?

lynching of Leo Frank

Which of the following describes the place of the labor movement during the 1920s?

membership declined

The Teapot Dome Scandal sent several prominent members of the Harding administration to jail. The scandal involved the leasing of government land to what group?

oil companies

The National Origins Act restricted the number of immigrants from any given country to____ percent of the number of current Americans from that country

two

Which group accounted for 90% of household expenditures in 1920s homes?

women

Marcus Garvey created a movement encouraging black Americans to migrate to Africa. To do this he created which of the following:

A shipping company called the Black Star Line

What is the definition of Herbert Hoover's "Associationalism?"

A system where businesses would voluntarily limit harmful business practices for the greater economic good

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1957 accomplish?

Created a Civil Rights Commission in the Department of Justice to investigate claims of racial discrimination

Why did Hitler stop the Blitz in June 1941?

Germany needed the resources of the Luftwaffe to invade the Soviet Union

Why did the Russian army disintegrate?

The Russian Revolution distracted military leaders from the war with Germany

What percent of married women worked outside of the home in the 1920s?

10%

Approximately how many civilians were killed by the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?

180,000

What was the top tax rate during World War II?

94%

What was the Zimmerman Telegram?

A German offer to help Mexico recover land lost in the Mexican-American War if Mexico would side with Germany in WWI

What was the message of NSC-68?

A call for a tripling of the annual defense budget for the purpose of stopping communism

Roosevelt tried to create relief for American farmers through the Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA). What did the AAA do?

Aimed to raise the prices of agricultural commodities by offering cash incentives to voluntarily limit farm production, thereby increasing prices

One of the intellectual leaders of the Harlem Renaissance wrote that "we are achieving something like a spiritual emancipation." Who was this intellectual?

Alain Locke

What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan?

All of the above

What was the result of Brown v. Board of Education?

All of the above

Which of the following advantages did the Soviet Union achieve during the Cold War?

All of the above

Which of the following enabled the rising purchase of consumer goods?

All of the above

Which of the following most accurately describes religious commitment during the early Cold War years?

All of the above

Why did the League of Nations fail?

American refusals to join

What was the first military action taken by the United States against international communism?

American soldiers fought against the Red Army during the Russian civil war

All of the following events related to the Korean War are true EXCEPT

An armistice was never officially signed

What was FDR's "court-packing scheme"

An attempt to appoint up to six new justices who would be friendly to his interests

What was the particular spark that ignited World War I?

Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand and Grand Duchess Sophie

Congressional opposition from which faction plagued Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration?

Both

Which of the following right wing think tanks were created in the first decade following WWII?

Both of these

How did President Eisenhower attempt to prevent a Soviet Attack on the United States

By promising "massive retaliation" and appealing to the logic of "mutually-assured destruction"

Why was the "loss" of China to communism so upsetting to Americans?

China was the most populous country in the world

Hitler and Mussolini helped to topple which government in Spain?

Communists

Upon assuming office, how did Roosevelt respond to the collapsing bank system?

Declared a bank holiday and then pushed through the Emergency Banking Act

Which of the following issues most concerned American diplomats prior to World War I

Expanding transatlantic trade

Louisiana Senator Huey long criticized Roosevelt's New Deal programs for _____________

Failing to redistribute wealth

The environmental catastrophe of the Great Depression was partly the result of agricultural mismanagement. Which of the following was the most consequential example of this mismanagement?

Farmers plowed up natural ground cover to grow more crops, cover that had taken ages to form in the relatively dry states of the Plains

What was the relationship between the federal government and economic growth in the aftermath of World War II?

Federal spending created more economic growth

Which of the following best describes the marketing techniques of early television executives?

Finding programming that would appeal to the widest possible audience

Who first advocated the policy of containment?

George Kennan

What disease proved most deadly during and in the immediate aftermath of World War I?

Influenza

What was the consequence of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of 1930?

International trade collapsed

Britain and France declared war on Germany after which invasion?

Invasion of Poland

Joseph McCarthy first achieved national prominence in February 1950 by waving a piece of paper that he claimed included 205 communists currently working in what capacity?

Members of the Department of State

A vibrant homosexual culture developed during the 1920s in which American city?

New York

How did the United States respond to the Bolshevik Revolution?

Opposed the Revolution and sent American troops, who remained in Russia until 1920

How did the Federal Reserve respond to the financial collapse?

Overcorrected by raising interest rates and tightening credit

What did the Works Progress Administration do?

Put unemployed men and women to work on projects designed and proposed by local governments

What was the Red Summer of 1919?

Racial violence in twenty-five American cities

Which group of Americans benefited the least from the economic changes of the 1920s?

Southern farmers

Which Allied nation was the first to reach Berlin?

Soviet Union

Which of the following best characterized German military tactics

Speed and maneuverability

How did many black leaders, including W. E. B. DuBois respond to the war?

Supporter the war effort and lobbied to include black soldiers in front-line combat positions

Which of the following nations were not a part of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?

Sweden

Why did the United States fail to help more of the decolonization independence movements during the 1940s - 1970s?

The Cold War alliance with Western Europe led the United States to support many colonial powers

What was the result of the Kaiserschlacht?

The Germans launched five failed major attacks

What was the most dramatic result of the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act?

The creation of a national minimum wage

Fundamentalist Christianity coalesced around a series of ideas best articulated in a pamphlet commissioned by oil barons Lyman and Milton Stewart. What is the name of this pamphlet?

The fundamentals

What prompted President Roosevelt to pass Executive Order 8802?

The planned march on Washington led by A. Philip Randolph

The Triple Entente united all of the following nations EXCEPT *

United States

What theme dominated American popular entertainment in the 1920s?

escape

How did increased availability of consumer credit in the 1920s influence American expenditures?

expenditures increased