HLTH 1020 Quiz 5
What functions of the body are most obviously affected by alcohol?
Those controlled by the brain
Alcohol is a source of calories. Put the alcoholic drinks in order from the least amount of calories per serving (1) to the most amount of calories per serving (4).
1. 12 oz light beer 2. 5 oz red wine 3. 12 oz regular beer 4. 3 oz Martini Explanation: 1. A serving of light beer has 99 calories per serving 2. A serving of red wine has 102 calories per serving 3. A serving of regular beer has 146 calories per serving 4. A serving of a Martini has 189 calories per serving
The method used to determine Body Mass Index (BMI) in children over age 2 is different from that used to determine BMI of adults. In what way does childhood BMI measurement differ from adult BMI measurement?
Reference ranges for BMI for children are age- and gender-specific, whereas BMI reference ranges for adults do not account for age and gender.
What blood alcohol level is the standard for drunkenness in Canada and the United States?
0.08%
If age, weight, and gender are the same, a sporadic drinker and a chronic drinker with blood alcohol levels of 0.10 will
have different physical effects.
Aiko comes from a family whose members routinely live to be older than 100. It can be theorized that the centenarians in her family engage in all of the following activities EXCEPT
having low levels of HDL cholesterol production.
Throughout her pregnancy, Dana has been experiencing heartburn. A friend who is a Registered Dietitian explained that hormones produced by the placenta relax muscles in her uterus and GI tract, causing heartburn, but that there are a number of things she can do to alleviate the discomfort. All of the following help prevent or lessen pain associated with heartburn EXCEPT
lying down after meals
Human milk (breast milk) is perfectly formulated for the developing infant's body. Cow's milk is not advisable for children under age one because its nutritional profile does not match a human infant's needs. Determine whether human milk or cow's milk has more of each of the following nutrients
* Human Milk Has More--> fats and carbohydrates * Cow Milk Has More---> protein and minerals
Determine whether each health-related trend among North American children is increasing or decreasing
* Increasing--> childhood obesity; type 2 diabetes in youth; soft drink consumption * Decreasing--> physical activity among children; calcium and milk intake
The average North American adult's diet has changed over the last 50 years. Determine whether North Americans now consume more or less of each food compared to the mid-1950s and 1960s.
* Less--> butter; milk; animal fats; cream and whole milk * More---> cheese; vegetable oils; fish
The Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2006 required food manufacturers to identify potential food allergens in food products. Which of the following food ingredients are among the eight major food allergens that must be listed on food labels?
* Must be identified as potential food allergens-->egg whites; nuts; cow's milk * Not identified as potential food allergens--> chocolate; vegetables; fruits; meats; and rice
Digestive health is affected by age. Determine whether each of the digestive processes increases or decreases with age.
* Decreases with age--> hydrochloric acid production; intrinsic factor production; lactase production; gallbladder function * Increases with age--> intestinal transit time
In the earlier stages of her pregnancy, Dana often experienced morning sickness. Which of the following practices are recommended to alleviate nausea associated with pregnancy?
* Drink ginger tea or eat foods with ginger in them. * Ventilate the kitchen to reduce food smells. * Eat bland foods like saltines or dry cereal before getting out of bed.
Now that Quinn has started eating solid foods, her parents want to ensure she avoids any choking hazards. Which of the following are not advisable for infant feeding as they may cause choking? Check all that apply.
* Hot dogs cut into coin-shaped pieces * grapes
Two widely accepted criteria for a successful pregnancy are (1) a pregnancy of longer than 37 weeks and (2) a birth weight of more than
5.5 pounds.
Bone loss is of particular concern for women. At what period of life does most bone loss in women occur?
After menopause Bone loss in women occurs primarily after menopause
Dana is pregnant for the first time and she is reading a book about healthy pregnancies. The book says that the goal of pregnancy is to achieve optimal health for both the baby and the mother. Two widely accepted criteria for a healthy pregnancy are
gestational period longer than 37 weeks and birth weight greater than 5.5 pounds.
Women should aim to achieve a healthy weight before becoming pregnant. Being underweight or obese at the time of conception can negatively impact birth outcomes. Identify whether each outcome is a potential consequence of the mother being underweight or obese at conception
* Risk if mother is underweight at conception--> low-birth weight infant; premature birth; low nutrients stores of iron * Risk if mother is obese at conception--> birth defects; childhood obesity later in life; mother with gestational diabetes; mother with preeclampsia
The lifestyle practices of certain population groups have been linked to successful aging and longevity. Determine whether the following dietary practices is characteristic of Okinawans, Mediterranean's, Seventh day Adventists, or any combination thereof.
* Unique to Mediterraneans--> olive oil is the main dietary fat; moderate wine consumption * Unique to Seventh Day Adventists---> abstinence from alcohol * Unique to Okinawans--> regular tea consumption * Common to All Three Groups--> lean sources of protein; plentiful foods of plant origin
Fill in each sentence with the appropriate term related to usual and successful aging
*The number of years that a person born in a particular year can expect to live is referred to as his or her life expectancy; the potential oldest age this person can reach is called life span. * In the United States, the life span of females is greater than that of males * Most people strive for as many years of health and as few years of illness as possible, a concept known as compression of morbidity * Weight gain, increases in blood pressure, and decreases in bone mass are often considered inevitable consequences of usual aging. However, in successful aging, physiological function is preserved over the years by healthful lifestyle choices
A weight gain of 25-35 pounds is recommended for most women who have a healthy prepregnancy weight. While some of this weight gain is maternal fat stores (4-8 pounds), other changes during pregnancy make up the remainder of weight gain. Put the following components of maternal weight gain in order from greatest (1) to least (4) number of pounds.
1. fetus 2. uterus and breasts 3. blood 4. placenta and amniotic fluid
Kelly is speaking with a friend of hers who feeds her school-aged son a gluten-free, casein-free diet. Kelly inquires as to whether the child has celiac disease or a milk allergy, to which her friend responds, "No - it's a therapeutic diet for another disorder." Based on the therapeutic diet, what disorder can Kelly surmise that her friend's child has?
Autism spectrum disorder
Parents of small children are advised to acknowledge that kids' eating habits and behaviors differ significantly from that of adults and that they will fluctuate over time. Parents can help maximize a child's nutritional status by engaging in which of the following practices for preschool-aged children? Check all that apply
Encourage the child to try at least one bite of each new food presented. Encourage 6 small meals per day instead of just 3 meals per day.
As people age, their tolerance for lactose-containing foods often decreases. What is the primary cause of lactose intolerance associated with aging?
Lactase production decreases.
How does gender affect a person's tolerance to alcohol?
Women have a lower tolerance than men.
Feeding a child excessive calories or fat can lead to an increase in the number of adipose tissue cells and obesity problems later in life. Paying attention to a child's calorie and fat intake is important to prevent over- or underfeeding. Match the percentage of calories that should come from fat with the corresponding life stage.
a. 30 grams of fat per day:--> Infants 6 to 12 months correct b. 30-40% of calories from fat: -->Children 1 to 3 years correct c. 25-35% of calories from fat:--> Children over 3 and teenagers correct
During which trimester is the fetus at greatest risk?
first trimester
Calcium needs vary at different stages of life because of differing rates of bone growth and calcium utilization. Match the life stage with recommended calcium intakes (RDAs) for each stage.
a. 9- to 18-year-old boys and girls: 1,300 mg calcium per day correct b. 4- to 8-year-old boys and girls: 1,000 mg calcium per day correct c. 1- to 3-year-old boys and girls: 700 mg calcium per day correct
Chronic use of certain medications and/or supplements can have undesirable side effects in the body. Match the medicine or supplement with its potential side
a. Aspirin use: Stomach bleeding correct b. Antibiotic use: Depletion of vitamin K correct c. Heavy iron supplement use: Interfere with zinc and copper function correct d. Heavy folate supplement use: Can mask vitamin B-12 deficiency correct
Which of the following is/are at high risk from week 3 through week 16 of a pregnancy?
central nervous system
In general, a longer gestational period and greater birth weight
decrease the likelihood of medical problems for the infant.
During which trimester does the fetus gain the most weight?
third trimester
Alcohol will go any place in the body that
water goes.
Parents of small children are advised to acknowledge that kids' eating habits and behaviors differ significantly from that of adults and that they will fluctuate over time. Parents can help maximize a child's nutritional status by engaging in which of the following practices for preschool-aged children? Check all that apply
✓ Encourage the child to try at least one bite of each new food presented. ✓Encourage 6 small meals per day instead of just 3 meals per day. ✓Provide a child-formulated multivitamin for all children.
Many pregnant women experience constipation during pregnancy as the intestinal muscles relax and the growing baby competes with the GI tract for space in the abdominal cavity. What can be done to help alleviate constipation during pregnancy? Check all that apply.
✓ Exercise regularly. ✓Increase water intake. ✓Increase fiber intake. ✓Increase supplemental iron intake. NOTE: Exercise, fluid, and fiber help alleviate constipation. Iron may lead to constipation. Exercise, fluid, and fiber help alleviate constipation. Iron may lead to constipation. Exercise, fluid, and fiber help alleviate constipation. Iron may lead to constipation. Exercise, fluid, and fiber help alleviate constipation. Iron may lead to constipation
Many pregnant women experience constipation during pregnancy as the intestinal muscles relax and the growing baby competes with the GI tract for space in the abdominal cavity. What can be done to help alleviate constipation during pregnancy? Check all that apply.
✓Exercise regularly. ✓Increase water intake. ✓Increase fiber intake. ✓Increase supplemental iron intake.
Now that Quinn is six months old, her mother is wondering if she is ready to start solid foods. What factors determine if Quinn is ready for solid foods? Check all that apply.
✓ Quinn no longer thrusts her tongue forward and pushes out food when it is introduced. ✓Quinn can sit up with support. ✓Quinn is at least 4 months old. ✓Quinn can control her own head and neck. NOTE: Three physical markers indicate that a child is ready for solid foods include (1) the disappearance of the extrusion reflex (thrusting the tongue forward and pushing food out of the mouth); (2) head and neck control; and (3) ability to sit up with support. After six months of age, infants need additional nutrients (especially iron) supplied by solid foods. Before that, formula or breast milk can generally meet needs. Three physical markers indicate that a child is ready for solid foods include (1) the disappearance of the extrusion reflex (thrusting the tongue forward and pushing food out of the mouth); (2) head and neck control; and (3) ability to sit up with support. After six months of age, infants need additional nutrients (especially iron) supplied by solid foods. Before that, formula or breast milk can generally meet needs. Three physical markers indicate that a child is ready for solid foods include (1) the disappearance of the extrusion reflex (thrusting the tongue forward and pushing food out of the mouth); (2) head and neck control; and (3) ability to sit up with support. After six months of age, infants need additional nutrients (especially iron) supplied by solid foods. Before that, formula or breast milk can generally meet needs. Three physical markers indicate that a child is ready for solid foods include (1) the disappearance of the extrusion reflex (thrusting the tongue forward and pushing food out of the mouth); (2) head and neck control; and (3) ability to sit up with support. After six months of age, infants need additional nutrients (especially iron) supplied by solid foods. Before that, formula or breast milk can generally meet needs.
Some nutrient needs increase during pregnancy. Drag the nutrient name to its recommended intake level during pregnancy
* Carbohydrate--> 175 grams per day * Iron--> 27 mg per day * Fiber--> 28 grams per day * Water--> 10 cups per day * Folic Acid--> 600 micrograms DFE per day * Calcium--> 1000 mg per day
As the human body ages, each organ system is affected differently. Match the change in health status with its related organ.
a. Inability to metabolize alcohol: Liver correct b. Increasing blood sugar: Pancreas correct c. Increased risk of gallstones: Gallbladder correct d. Loss of regular bowel movements: Colon correct
HIV can be transmitted from mother to fetus, and approximately 1/3 of infected infants will die within a few years of birth. The risk of mother-infant transmission can be significantly reduced if the infected mother ______ while she is pregnant.
takes highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and receives routine obstetrical care NOTE: Studies show that the odds of mother-infant transmission of AIDS can be cut significantly if the woman begins taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and receiving routine obstetrical care
The diets of North American men and women are far from perfect. North American adult men and women under age 50 BOTH fall short of recommended nutrient intakes for all of the following EXCEPT
vitamin D NOTE: The diets of adult women tend to fall short of the recommended amounts of vitamins D and E, folate, magnesium, calcium, zinc, and fiber. The diets of adult men tend to be low in the same nutrients, except vitamin D, which does not become problematic until age 50.
Physiological changes are an inevitable part of the aging process. As the body ages, all of the following decrease EXCEPT
vitamin D needs.
