HMD 225 Exam Flash Cards

Executives at the top levels of organizations typically have high levels of _____ intelligence

Analytic

Leaders with ____ intelligence tend to be quick learners, de well in school, see the connections between issues, and have the ability to make accurate deductions, assumptions, and inferences with relatively unfamiliar information.

Analytic

Which of the following is a leader development method involving the use of leadership situations as a vehicle for leadership discussion? Role-playing Simulations Case-studies Games

Case-studies

Servant leadership has been hailed across the board as the most promising leadership style for large companies

False

True or false: Leader development and leadership development refer to the same phenomenon

False

When we overestimate the quality of our own work and contributions to our team,we are showing which type of bias? Implicit prejudice Overclaiming credit In-group favoritism Conflict of interest

Overclaiming credit

When making behavior changes, how many areas should leaders work on at the same time? 4-5 As many as possible 2-3 1-2

1-2

The tendency for many leaders to react to failure by blaming external factors reflects poor _____ - loop learning

Double

Someone who is "learning how to learn" is using____ learning Non-conformist Single-loop Attribution Double-loop

Double-loop

Values that refer to modes of behavior are called ____ values Instrumental Terminal Organization Principled

Instrumental

Reinterpreting otherwise immoral behavior in terms of a higher purpose refers to _____ _______

Moral justification

All of the following are true of Theory Y except People are motivated to work for the personal growth it provides People are not naturally industrious People take pride in their organization There is a sense of respect for a job well done

People are not naturally industrious

CRT defines ____ as the result of conflicts with superiors or the apprehension associated with the performance evaluation.

Stress

The ____ theory of intelligence is one of the most comprehensive and compelling theories of intelligence developed and tested over the last 30 years

Triarchic

Leaders sometimes fail as a result of a lack of fit between their personal values and those of the organization

True

One's ethical judgments are negatively affected by conflicts of the interest

True

According to the research, which is the most valuable factor in coaching? a. Understanding organizational objectives b. Clear, direct feedback c. General encouragement d. Advice on handling situation

b. Clear, direct feedback

Improving team-building skills would be part of which element of an individual development plan? a. Action plans b. Timeline c. Development goals d. Criteria for success

c. Development goals

Explanations we develop for the behaviors of actions we attend to are called a. Observations b. Reflections c. Realizations d. Attributions

d. Attributions

The five-step informal coaching process is most efficient for a. High performing followers b. Low performing followers c. Only mid-level managers d. Both high and low performing followers

d. Both high and low performing followers

True or False: Research shows that individuals who participate in after-event review were more effective leaders than individuals who do not participate in the AER process

True

True or false: Having a written development plan rather than informal goals can help keep leader development on track

True

The notion that a person being coached must want to change; assessments are important; some behaviors cannot be changed; practice is critical; and there is no substitute for accountability are all ______. 1. "Best practices' for coaches 2. Skills that good leaders must have 3. Pieces of advice for new hires 4. Required managerial talents

1. "Best practices' for coaches

"The first imperative is to be a trustworthy person and that depends on both one's character and competence" This belongs to the _____ level of Covey's principle-centered leadership model.

Personal

Which of the following is not one of the four general categories of attitudes and behaviors associated with ethical leadership and ethical role models Personal behaviors Ethical actions and self-expectation Articulating ethical standards Basic fairness

Personal behaviors

A leadership development program that uses wilderness survival techniques is probably focusing on Conceptual awareness Feedback Skill building Personal growth

Personal growth

Knowing how things get done and how to do them requires ________ intelligence.

Practical

The term perceptual set refers to... The notion that we are selective in what we attend to and what we perceive Our ability to see all aspects of a situation equally Our passive view of perception Our spontaneous and effortless ability to deal with the events surrounding us

The notion that we are selective in what we attend to and what we perceive

The unfamiliar, ambiguous situations in which traits are especially important in determining how people behave are called ________ situations.

Weak

Which of the following best identifies when informal coaching takes place? During the annual review process with superiors During internal training session Whenever a leader helps a follower change their behavior In the classroom

Whenever a leader helps a follower change their behavior

Which of the following is true regarding the measurement and development of emotional intelligence? a. Emotional intelligence can be developed b. American Express abandoned its EQ training after finding that it failed to produce results c. The MSCEIT and Var-On Emotional Quotient tend to produce similar results d. The Emotional Competence Inventory can be used to select the best

a. Emotional intelligence can be developed

Which of the following is not part of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator test? a. Extrinsic-intrinsic b. Sensing-intuition c. Judging-perceiving d. Thinking-feeling

a. Extrinsic-intrinsic

An exercise in which participants have a limited amount of time to prioritize and respond to notes, letters and phone messages from a fictitious manager's in-basket is called a. In-basket exercises b. Role-playing exercises c. Presentations d. Case studies

a. In-basket exercises

Perhaps the most important yet most neglected component of the action - observation - reflection model is reflection. Why is reflection important? a. It can provide leaders with a variety of insights into how to frame problems differently b. It can provide leaders with a variety of insights into how to ignore subordinates and their duties c. It can provide leaders with ways to impede the development of executive competence d. It can provide leaders with a variety of insights into how to look at situations from a single perspective

a. It can provide leaders with a variety of insights into how to frame problems differently

Which of the following is not one of the four abilities comprising the ability model? a. Managing stress b. Understanding emotions c. Using emotions d.Perceiving emotions

a. Managing stress

A leader who enjoys the challenge of living and leading in foreign countries probably scores high on the ____ dimension of the Five-Factor Model a. Openness to new experiences b. Neuroticism c. Conscientiousness d. Innovative thinking

a. Openness to new experiences

Identify the conclusions of research studies summarized by Ralph Stogdill that looked at whether certain traits, physical attributes, intelligence, or personal values differentiated leaders from followers. (Check all that apply) a. Some characteristics, such as intelligence, initiative, stress tolerance, responsibility, and dominance, were modestly related to leadership success. b. Leaders were not qualitatively different from followers: many followers were just as tall, smart, outgoing, and ambitious as the people who were leading them. c. People who were friendly or willing to take charge were often less successful at building teams than people who were impulsive and or not fond of giving orders d. Lazy or grumpy leaders were successful at influencing a group to accomplish its goals, unlike hardworking, friendly, or conscientious leaders.

a. Some characteristics, such as intelligence, initiative, stress tolerance, responsibility, and dominance, were modestly related to leadership success. b. Leaders were not qualitatively different from followers: many followers were just as tall, smart, outgoing, and ambitious as the people who were leading them.

Which of the following is not true of a feeling leader? a. They pay attention to bottom-line considerations b. They approach decisions personally and subjectively c. They naturally empathize and appreciate d. They value humaneness and social harmony

a. They pay attention to bottom-line considerations

Identify the features of psychological typologies (Check all that apply) a. They tend to emphasize the similarities among all people in the same category b. They tend to emphasize the differences among all people of the submissive type c. They tend to emphasize the similarities between people of different types d. They tend to emphasize the differences between people of dominant and submissive types

a. They tend to emphasize the similarities among all people in the same category d. They tend to emphasize the differences between people of dominant and submissive types

Which is not a good way to find out about an individual's public reputation? a. Using the MBTI test b. Reviewing the individual's c. Facebook profile d. Talking with mutual friends

a. Using the MBTI test

The amount of information a leader needs before feeling comfortable making a decision is concerned with which dimension of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator test? a. Thinking-feeling b. Sensing-intuition c. Judging-perceiving d. Extraversion-introversion

c. Judging-perceiving

Which type of intelligence is important when leading in familiar situations? a. Cognitive b. Creative c. Practical d. analytic

c. Practical

One meaning of personality refers to the impression a person makes on others. This view of personality emphasizes a person's _______. a. Personal reputation b. Physical attribution c. Public reputation d. Academic profile

c. Public reputation

Which dimension of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator test would be relevant to a description of an individual as being reserved and deliberate? a. Judging-perceiving b. Thinking-feeling c. Sensing-intuition d. Extrversion-intorversion

d. Extrversion-intorversion

Fundamental attribution error can best be described as a. The tendency to perceive one thing and not another b. The tendency to underestimate the dispositional and environmental causes of behavior causes when others succeed c. The explanation offered for a specific behavior d. The tendency to overestimates the dispositional causes of behavior and underestimate the environment causes when others fail

d. The tendency to overestimates the dispositional causes of behavior and underestimate the environment causes when others fail

In comparison to knowledge or experience, _____ is/are more easy to change. a. values, interests, motives/goals b. Personality traits and types c. Intelligence d. skills/competencies

d. skills/competencies

An effective leadership development program will... Include coursework examining foundational theories and leadership concepts Include faculty from a single relevant discipline Ignore group dynamic in order to emphasize the individual Focus on a single important discipline

Include coursework examining foundational theories and leadership concepts

All of the following except which are characteristics most often associated with servant leadership? Conceptualization Awareness Legitimacy Foresight

Legitimacy

People who score ____ on the extraversion dimension of the Five Factor Model tend to prefer to work by themselves and have little interest in influencing or competing with others.

Low

_______ ________ refers to the process leaders use to make decisions about ethical and unethical behaviors

Moral reasoning

Another name for the Five-Factor Model is the _____ model of personality

OCEAN

Research shows that the relationship between how we think we should act and our actual behavior is Always strong Often inconsistent Constant Always weak

Often inconsistent

The fortitude to face risk and overcome fears associated with taking ethical action refers to moral Courage Efficiency Ownership Efficacy

Courage

True or false: The MBTI shows that types tend to be stable over time

False

A researcher who asks subordinates to speculate whether they think their manager would be likely to act unethically is using a _______ reputation approach to measuring leader integrity

Dubious

Studies show that predictions of ethical behavior are generally consistent with actual behavior

False

True or false: Authentic leaders are inconsistent in their values, beliefs, and their actions

False

True or false: It is not important to be intentional about developing leadership effectiveness

False

True or false: individuals who have completed undergraduate courses in leadership are always better leaders

False

In contrast to previous generation, which group believes that leaders have to ears their positions, not be given them based on seniority? Baby boomers Millennials Veterans Gen Xers

Gen Xers

The group of workers identified by Zemke as entrepreneurial individuals who embrace change and take a free agency approach to their jobs are the _____. Gen Xers Millennials Baby Boomers Veterans

Gen Xers

Leaders demonstrate their commitment to higher principles through their actions demonstrate strong ______ Integrity Values Empathy Consistency

Integrity

______ describes a person's all-around effectiveness in activities directed by thought.

Intelligence

Which method of learning results in the greatest amount of behavioral change? On-the-jobe-assignments Targeted coaching Training seminars E-learning

Targeted coaching

Which of the following is not a description of a moral person as defined by Avolio Open Honest Fair Available

Available

Which type of bias is present when an individual encourages his client to purchase a product that may not be right for the client, but that would earn the individual a hefty sales commission? Conflict of interest Implicit prejudice Overclaiming credit In-group favoritism

Conflict of interest

The _____ dimension of the Five-Factor Model concerns those behaviors related to people's approach to work.

Conscientiousness

True or false: Self-fulfilling prophecy refers to the explanations we develop for behaviors to which we attend

False

How we interpret our observations takes place in the _____ component of the A-O-R model. Response Reflection Results Recognition

Reflection

Which technique is especially useful for assessing and improving a manager's planning and time management techniques? Presentation Role-playing exercises In-basket exercises Case studies

Role-playing exercises

Which type of thinking can be characterized as 'following the highest principle or duty'? Ends-based Justice-based Rule-based Care-based

Rule-based

A leader who's primary motivationis to help others can best be described as _____ leaders

Servant

Which of the five steps of informal coaching is important to attracting and retaining followers to the workgroup? Shaping the environment Inspiring commitment Forging a partnership Promoting persistence

Shaping the environment

Deciding how to balance spending time with your children versus making a bigger commitment to your career is an example of which type of dilemma? Truth versus loyalty Justice versus mercy Individual versus community Short-term versus long-term

Short-term versus long-term

Chris really cares about developing others and works beside them as a mentor. Chris is a _____ leader Revolutionary-Crusader Warrior-Knight Teacher-Mentor Father-Judge

Teacher-Mentor

Banners proclaiming Enron to be the 'world's leading company' are an example of which element of the cult-like culture at the company? A compelling and totalistic vision A common culture A conversion process Charismatic leadership

A compelling and totalistic vision

The findings by Eden and Shani that individuals placed in a high potential group were perceived to have higher potential than those placed in an unknowns or regular potential group even though the potential was never actually assessed reflect A self-fulfilling prophecy A self-serving bias actor/observer difference A fundamental attribution error

A self-fulfilling prophecy

The three processes that enhance leadership development are ______. Adjustment, recognition, organization Action, reflection, observation Action, reflection, organization Activity, recognition, observation

Action, reflection, observation

A situation in which a student attributes her classmate's bad exam score to a lack of intelligence while the classmate attributes the poor score to unfair grading refers to the _____. Actor-observer difference Curve effect Fundamental attribution bias Attribution bias

Actor-observer difference

The dimension of the OCEAN model of personality that is concerned with how one gets along with, as opposed to gets ahead of, others is referred to as _______

Agreeableness

A manager who chooses a job applicant who is more like herself rather than another applicant who is not like her is demonstrating In-group mentoring Out-group favoritism In-group favoritism Out-group dynamics

In-group favoritism

What occurs when an organization assigns a relatively inexperienced, but high-potential leader to one of the top executives in the company? Informal mentoring' Informal coaching Formal coaching Formal mentoring

Formal mentoring

An individual who takes credit for successes but blames the situation for failures Has fundamental attribution error Has a self-serving bias Is following the spiral of experience Has a limited perceptual set

Has a self-serving bias

Robert Hogan, who is recognized around the world for his research on leadership over the last 30 years probably scores ____ on the openess to experience dimension of the OCEAN model of personality.

High

Prejudice that occurs without the individual's awareness refers to ____ prejudice

Implicit

Which of the following is not one of the 'fronts' of leadership action important to establishing an ethical organizational climate Core ideology Process focus Integrity Structural realignment

Structural realignment

True or false: 3M's commitment to leadership development is illustrated by its decision to make talent development a core business strategy

True

True or false: Research shows that coaching may be more effective at changing behavior than traditional learning and training approaches

True

True or false: To be successful, learning must continue even after the end of one's formal education

True

The term ______ ethical leadership refers to leadership behavior enacted by individuals who take action to maintain ethical standards in the face of questionable moral behaviors by higher-ups

Upwards

Constructs representing generalized behaviors or states of affairs that are considered by the individual to be important are known as Theory Y Values Theory X Ethics

Values

Which type of leader is most likely to be successful? a. A leader who has strong empathy for us, but doesn't get along with many b. A leader who can empathize and get along with others c. A leader who gets along with others, but is not particularly empathetic d. A leader who generally gets along with people, but prefers to be a loner

b. A leader who can empathize and get along with others

According to the OCEAN model, which personality trait is more important to manufacturing jobs? a. Neuroticism b. Conscientiousness c. Agreeableness d. Extraversion

b. Conscientiousness

Rick Amberman defined emotional intelligence as ______. a. A set of 15 abilities necessary to cope with daily situations and get along in the world b. The degree to which thought, feelings, and actions were aligned c. The extent to which a person can evaluate ideas analytically d. A group of mental abilities that help people to recognize their own feelings and those of others

b. The degree to which thought, feelings, and actions were aligned

Which of the following is not likely of a leader scoring high on the personality trait of conscientiousness? a. The Person would be likely to come to work on time b. The person would make impulsive decisions c. The person would rarely leave work early d. The person would probably be thorough when completing work assignments

b. The person would make impulsive decisions

Which of the following are pairs in the Myer-Briggs Type Indicator? a. Judging or intuitive b. Thinking or perceiving c. Extraverted or introverted d. Sensing or feeling

c. Extraverted or introverted

Which of the following is not a description of a sensing leader? a. Down-to-earth b. Practical c. Innovative d. Orderly

c. Innovative

Identify the true statements about leadership training programs aimed particularly toward leaders and supervisors in industry or public service (check all that apply) a. The programs for first-level managers rely more heavily on individualized feedback than the programs for midlevel managers do b. The programs for midlevel managers rely on case studies, presentations, simulations, and in-basket exercises to help leaders develop. c. They have strong parallels to the content and techniques used in university-level courses on leadership d. They tend to be less focused than a university course on leadership that typically lasts an entire semester.

b. The programs for midlevel managers rely on case studies, presentations, simulations, and in-basket exercises to help leaders develop. c. They have strong parallels to the content and techniques used in university-level courses on leadership

Recurring regularities or trends in a person's behavior refers to the person's a. Conscientiousness b. Traits c. Curiosity d. Openness to experience

b. Traits

Which of the following is not included in a definition of personality? a. The impression a person makes on others b. An evaluation of the person in the eyes of others c. A discussion of the person's history d. A description of the person

c. A discussion of the person's history

Which individual would be most likely to be a leader according to CRT? a. A child prodigy first violinist in the orchestra b. A freshman point guard who is having a standout season c. A fourth-year starting quarterback d. A well-connected PTO volunteer who is new to the school system

c. A fourth-year starting quarterback

Which leader development technique focuses on learning by doing? a. Simulation b. Roleplaying c. Action learning d. Games

c. Action learning

Which of the following would most likely not be part of a leadership program for senior executives? a. Strategic planning b. Developing and communicating a vision c. Conducting performance reviews with subordinates d. Developing public relation skills

c. Conducting performance reviews with subordinates

The ability to produce work that is both novel and useful uses which type of intelligence? a. Analytic b. Cognitive c. Creative d. Practical

c. Creative

All of the following will stifle creativity in followers except a. Focusing on short-term goals b. Keeping people happy c. Encouraging collaboration and coordination d. Creating fragmented work schedules

c. Encouraging collaboration and coordination