HR ch:4

40. _____ change is initiated by management to take advantage of targeted opportunities. a. Proactive b. Turnover c. Reactive d. Reflective

a. Proactive

21. A Markov analysis can be used to track the pattern of employee movements through various jobs. a. True b. False

a. True

27. An employer may be guilty of sexual harassment when an employee finds jokes, pictures, or language used by others offensive. a. True b. False

a. True

57. Employers may be accused of reverse discrimination, or giving preference to members of protected classes, to the extent that unprotected individuals believe they are suffering discrimination. a. True b. False

a. True

80. The first step in strategic planning involves: a. analyzing the competition. b. interviewing potential employees. c. reviewing failed plans from the past in order to improve employee turnover rate. d. establishing a mission, vision, and values for an organization.

d. establishing a mission, vision, and values for an organization.

39. Job design objectives that emphasize industrial engineering considerations concentrate on the study of work cycles to determine how to reduce the time needed to complete the cycle. a. True b. False

a. True

40. The Balanced Scorecard is a tool for mapping a firm's strategy in order to ensure strategic alignment. a. True b. False

a. True

7. Changes in labor supply can place limits on the strategies available to firms. a. True b. False

a. True

16. Qualitative HR forecasting techniques generally employ sophisticated analytical models. a. True b. False

b. False

39. Proof of a direct relationship between selection instruments and performance must be established through validation studies by an independent firm. a. True b. False

b. False

56. Affirmative action programs are required by all employers. a. True b. False

b. False

98. Analyzing the elements in a work cycle that make up a particular job activity and determining the time required to complete each element is called: a. job analysis. b. industrial engineering. c. human engineering. d. job design.

b. industrial engineering.

34. In unionized firms, layoffs are only based on performance. a. True b. False

b. False

108. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of telecommuting? a. Reduced absenteeism b. Greater overhead costs c. Increased productivity d. Reduced carbon footprint

b. Greater overhead costs

56. A job analysis method by which important job tasks are identified for job success is known as: a. functional job analysis. b. the critical incident method. c. task inventory analysis. d. the position analysis questionnaire system.

b. the critical incident method.

104. In 2011, the EEOC and state fair employment practice agencies processed ______ sexual harassment complaints nationwide. a. 85,572 b. 38,936 c. 11,364 d. 3,420

c. 11,364

65. Which of the following does NOT represent a cultural change emerging in organizations? a. An increased concern for privacy b. Changing attitudes toward work c. Balancing work and family demands d. Accommodating unemployed workers

d. Accommodating unemployed workers

65. _____ is a field of study concerned with analyzing work methods and establishing time standards. a. Ergonomics b. Functional job analysis c. Industrial engineering d. Competency-based analysis

c. Industrial engineering

12. Labor costs are always the smallest expenditures companies make, particularly in service-intensive firms. a. True b. False

False

10. Inflating a job's responsibilities can occur unintentionally. a. True b. False

a. True

35. Unionized organizations recognize seniority. a. True b. False

a. True

117. When an employee works eighty hours over nine days and takes one day off every other week, the employee's work schedule is known as a(n): a. compressed workweek. b. enriched workweek. c. flextime arrangement. d. adaptable schedule.

a. compressed workweek.

45. The group of employees which has skills that are quite valuable to a company in creating customer value but not particularly unique or difficult to replace is referred to as: a. core employees. b. strategic knowledge workers. c. supporting workers. d. partners.

a. core employees.

62. The Delphi technique: a. is an attempt to decrease subjectivity of forecasts. b. is a quantitative method. c. is used to plot historical trends. d. is the quickest method for increasing employee turnover rates.

a. is an attempt to decrease subjectivity of forecasts.

80. Today about _____ percent of women aged 16 years and older participate in the work force in the U.S. a. 40 b. 80 c. 30 d. 60

d. 60

77. _____ is the ability of an organization to rapidly reallocate resources to new or changing needs. a. Coordination flexibility b. Predicted flexibility c. Organizational capability d. Turnover capability

a. Coordination flexibility

25. Corporate strategy focuses on domain selection. a. True b. False

True

10. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act led to the institution of the Equal Pay Act. a. True b. False

b. False

6. Requiring a high school diploma, even for a laborer job, is acceptable under the law if the company has a policy that all employees must be high school graduates. a. True b. False

b. False

27. One of the responsibilities of HR managers is to provide advice and counsel to line managers. a. True b. False

True

10. Human capital is intangible, but can still be managed the way organizations manage jobs, products, and technologies. a. True b. False

False

17. Outsourcing refers to employing workers in their homes rather than within the traditional office environment. a. True b. False

False

19. Older workers are generally undependable and operate like free agents. a. True b. False

False

25. Employees today are less likely to define success in terms of financial gain. a. True b. False

True

73. The objective of the critical incident method of job analysis is to: a. challenge the employees with their false statements. b. provide information for job evaluation based on the critical value of the job. c. prioritize job duties and responsibilities. d. identify critical job tasks.

d. identify critical job tasks.

32. In the job characteristics model, task identity refers to the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work. a. True b. False

a. True

32. Organizational structure is the framework in which the activities of organization members are coordinated. a. True b. False

a. True

77. In the context of the competencies required of HR managers, understanding an organization's customers and economic and financial capabilities is part of _____. a. Personal credibility b. HR mastery c. Business mastery d. Change mastery

c. Business mastery

62. Over the last few decades, the educational attainment of the U.S. labor force has: a. risen dramatically. b. fallen dramatically. c. remained at about the same level. d. had little influence on HRM.

a. risen dramatically.

65. The Equal Pay Act was passed as an amendment to the: a. Civil Rights Act. b. Fair Labor Standards Act. c. Equal Employment Opportunity Act. d. Age Discrimination in Employment Act.

b. Fair Labor Standards Act.

14. Job descriptions, job specifications, and even job evaluations can now be downloaded quickly from O*NET. a. True b. False

b. False

18. Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, the purpose of essential functions in a job description is to help match job requirements to organizational goals. a. True b. False

b. False

2. A statement of the different duties, tasks, and responsibilities of a job is known as a job specification. a. True b. False

b. False

20. Job specifications usually cover two areas: (1) the skill required to perform the job, and (2) the level of autonomy inherent in the position. a. True b. False

b. False

20. Staffing tables provide data on external labor supply sources. a. True b. False

b. False

24. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 allows employers to set different cut-off test scores on the basis of race and sex during the hiring process. a. True b. False

b. False

31. While unemployment rates vary by sector, the lack of talent in low-skill jobs continues to create a real challenge for firms. a. True b. False

b. False

49. A compressed work week includes anything less than 40 hours worked per week. a. True b. False

b. False

79. Which of the following is NOT a cell of the Balanced Scorecard model? a. Financial b. Turnover c. Customer d. Process

b. Turnover

123. Employers favor job sharing since it serves to: a. reduce labor costs. b. reduce layoffs. c. reduce training costs. d. reduce employee appraisals.

b. reduce layoffs.

15. Forecasting is frequently more of an art than a science, providing inexact approximations rather than absolute results. a. True b. False

a. True

16. If a pay disparity between the sexes exists, employers cannot legally lower the wages of one gender to comply with the law. a. True b. False

a. True

2. The Equal Pay Act makes it illegal to discriminate against people in terms of the pay, employee benefits, and pension they earn based on their gender when they do equal work. a. True b. False

a. True

22. Managers of businesses where employees perform many different job tasks must be concerned about writing specific job descriptions because federal guidelines and court decisions require job requirements to be based on valid job-related criteria. a. True b. False

a. True

30. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) considers an employer guilty of sexual harassment if the employer knew about harassment activity but failed to take any corrective action. a. True b. False

a. True

31. Employers are guilty of sexual harassment if they permit their customers to sexually harass their employees. a. True b. False

a. True

33. Shared values act as a guiding parameter for strategic planning. a. True b. False

a. True

36. Empowerment encourages employees to become innovators and managers of their own work. a. True b. False

a. True

42. Ergonomics is concerned with the design of equipment to accommodate human capabilities. a. True b. False

a. True

43. The job specifications section should also include interpersonal skills if a competency-based job analysis approach is used. a. True b. False

a. True

48. It is illegal for employers to deny sick leave for morning sickness or other pregnancy-related illnesses if sick leave is permitted for other medical conditions such as flu or surgical operations. a. True b. False

a. True

52. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is responsible for ensuring that covered employers comply with the intent of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. a. True b. False

a. True

53. Job sharing is effective with employees who desire to phase into retirement. a. True b. False

a. True

54. Telecommuting is effective in retaining valued employees. a. True b. False

a. True

122. The advantages of flextime schedules include all of the following EXCEPT: a. improved communication among employees and supervisors. b. recruiting and retaining employees. c. improving customer service. d. balancing employee and organizational needs.

a. improved communication among employees and supervisors.

78. Cross-training and job rotations are intended to improve the _____ of an organization. a. coordination flexibility b. turnover capability c. organizational capability d. resource flexibility

d. resource flexibility

42. Millennials are also known as: a. baby boomers. b. Generation X. c. Generation Y. d. screenagers.

c. Generation Y.

57. Which of the following is NOT a component of SWOT analysis? a. Weakness b. Threat c. Strategy d. Opportunity

c. Strategy

52. The examination of the attitudes and activities of a company's workforce is done using: a. environmental scanning. b. trend analysis. c. cultural audit. d. behavioral modeling.

c. cultural audit.

can

c. intangible

79. In absolute terms, which country in the world is the most productive? a. Japan b. United States c. Germany d. Sweden

b. United States

74. Measures of turnover costs do NOT include: a. separation costs. b. employee turnover costs. c. replacement costs. d. training program costs.

b. employee turnover costs.

59. A statement of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to perform a job is called a: a. job requirement. b. job specification. c. job position. d. job objective.

b. job specification.

1. In general, many companies are realizing a diminished demand for touch labor and an increasing demand for knowledge work. a. True b. False

True

14. Methods of reducing labor costs include downsizing, outsourcing, and employee leasing. a. True b. False

True

15. Downsizing is often used by organizations for the planned elimination of jobs. a. True b. False

True

20. Educational level is positively related to annual earnings. a. True b. False

True

39. The target company for benchmarking does not need to be a competitor. a. True b. False

a. True

63. A graphical representation of all organizational jobs along with the numbers of employees currently occupying those jobs and future employment requirements is called: a. a staffing table. b. an organization chart. c. a skills inventory. d. career planning.

a. a staffing table.

97. To achieve empowerment, organizations must encourage participation, innovation, access to information, and _____. a. accountability b. feedback c. responsibility d. training

a. accountability

88. According to Herzberg, managers can enrich the jobs of employees by: a. adding more responsibility to jobs. b. increasing fringe benefits. c. improving the quality of employee supervision. d. removing safety hazards.

a. adding more responsibility to jobs.

105. In 2011, about _____ of sexual harassment complaints filed with the EEOC were filed by men. a. 2 percent b. 16 percent c. 30 percent d. 50 percent

b. 16 percent

99. _____ refers to the process of structuring organizations not around jobs but around projects that are constantly changing. a. Employee engagement b. Dejobbing c. Job crafting d. Ergonomics

b. Dejobbing

69. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act created the: a. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). b. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). c. Equal Rights Compliance Agency (ERCA). d. Justice Department (JD).

b. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC).

1. Equal employment opportunity refers to actions required of employers to correct past discrimination against minorities. a. True b. False

b. False

24. Software programs, more often than not, actually hinder the job analysis process. a. True b. False

b. False

29. In the long run, firms must approach outsourcing decisions based on cost alone to strengthen their core capabilities. a. True b. False

b. False

87. _____ is the process of adding a greater variety of tasks to a job. a. Job enrichment b. Job enlargement c. Job rotation d. Workplace expansion

b. Job enlargement

35. Which of the following is the largest employment agency in the United States? a. Snelling Personnel Services b. Kelly Services c. Manpower Inc. d. Labor Ready

c. Manpower Inc.

64. The process of obtaining information about jobs by determining their duties, tasks, or activities is called: a. job design. b. job evaluation. c. job analysis. d. job search.

c. job analysis.

63. Job analysis is called the cornerstone of HRM because: a. the information obtained is proactive. b. it is the first job given to new HRM employees. c. the information it collects serves many HRM functions. d. it is required by the law.

c. the information it collects serves many HRM functions.

108. Under the law, discrimination charges must be filed within _____ days of the alleged unlawful practice. a. 60 b. 90 c. 120 d. 180

d. 180

19. Employers are legally required to treat pregnancy the same way they treat any other medical disability. a. True b. False

a. True

49. The Griggs case established the principle that employment practices must be related to the job. a. True b. False

a. True

78. The American with Disabilities Act does NOT: a. require employers to make reasonable accommodation to disabled persons. b. define disability as a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major activities. c. provide protection for adjustment disorders. d. protect people regarded as having disabilities.

c. provide protection for adjustment disorders.

39. Organizational changes are said to be _____ when external forces have already affected an organization's performance. a. proactive b. intentional c. reactive d. negative

c. reactive

107. Organizations subject to Title VII are required to post: a. all job openings. b. their blank applications. c. specific employment records and reports. d. affirmative action goals.

c. specific employment records and reports.

102. Which of the following is NOT a synergistic team characteristic? a. Support b. Consensus c. Acceptance d. Agreement

d. Agreement

110. Team synergy is heightened when team members engage in behaviors such as support, active listening, consensus decision-making, and _____. a. unanimity b. prioritizing options c. regular meetings d. disagreements

d. disagreements

113. The basic steps in developing an effective affirmative action plan include all of the following EXCEPT: a. issuing a written EEO policy and affirmative action statement. b. surveying present minority and female employment by department and job classification. c. establishing an internal audit and reporting program to evaluate progress. d. establishing a quota system and timetable for hiring.

d. establishing a quota system and timetable for hiring.

95. According to the Uniform Guidelines, a rule of thumb that identifies selection practices that favor a disproportionate number of nonprotected class members is the: a. two-thirds rule. b. acid-test rule. c. ratio rule. d. four-fifths rule.

d. four-fifths rule.

109. A comprehensive training program to prevent discrimination would include all of the following EXCEPT: a. understanding the prohibitions of EEO laws. b. how to respond to complaints of discrimination. c. procedures for investigating complaints. d. standards for employee conduct.

d. standards for employee conduct.

106. A compressed work week provides all of the following, EXCEPT: a. improved recruitment and retention of employees. b. better coordinated work and production schedules. c. a reduction in job satisfaction and morale. d. greater accommodation for the employee in making personal appointments.

c. a reduction in job satisfaction and morale.

58. A job specification is: a. a group of related activities and duties. b. a set of different duties and responsibilities performed by one employee. c. a statement of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required of a person to perform a job. d. a statement of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job to be performed.

c. a statement of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required of a person to perform a job.

75. The Pregnancy Discrimination Act states that: a. an employer can deny sick leave for morning sickness. b. an employer may set mandatory lengths for pregnancy leave. c. an employer must set pregnancy leave dates based on the individual employee's ability to work. d. pregnancy is a temporary medical condition and not a disability.

c. an employer must set pregnancy leave dates based on the individual employee's ability to work.

61. Older workers: a. operate more like free agents. b. prefer having younger supervisors. c. are more willing to work flexible hours. d. learn new behaviors more quickly because of their experience.

c. are more willing to work flexible hours.

119. Reasons for implementation of compressed workweek schedules include all of the following EXCEPT: a. coordinating production schedules. b. recruiting and retaining employees. c. avoiding paying overtime. d. balancing employee and organizational needs.

c. avoiding paying overtime.

14. Organizations tend to make long-term commitments to strategic knowledge employees, investing in their continuous training and development, and perhaps giving them an equity stake in the organization. a. True b. False

a. True

47. Disparate treatment would arise when an employer hires men but not women with school-going children. a. True b. False

a. True

46. A 35-year-old applicant who is denied employment based upon age may file a claim under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act if the organization hired a 21-year-old. a. True b. False

b. False

59. Which of the following is NOT an element of organizational growth? a. Increased employee productivity b. Large number of employees c. Employees developing or acquiring new skills d. High employee turnover rate

d. High employee turnover rate

53. Integrated knowledge sets within an organization that distinguish it from its competitors and deliver value to customers are known as: a. individual competencies. b. core capabilities. c. human capital. d. organizational competencies.

b. core capabilities.

56. A method of containing costs that allows a professional employer organization (PEO), typically a larger company, to takeover the management of a smaller company's HR tasks and become a coemployer to its employees is known as _____. a. outsourcing b. employee leasing c. furloughing d. nearshoring

b. employee leasing

Knowledge workers are employees whose responsibilities include only problem-solving. a. True b. False

False

113. A group of employees formed by management to immediately resolve a major problem and develop a long-term plan for problem resolution is called a(n): a. self-directed team. b. task force team. c. cross-functional team. d. employee rotation unit.

b. task force team.

92. Task identity refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of other people. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome.

85. Which of the following is NOT a defense to an alleged Equal Pay Act violation? a. Paying a male worker more because he has greater seniority b. Paying a male worker more because he is more productive c. Paying a male worker more because he has dependents d. Paying a male worker more because he produces higher quality

c. Paying a male worker more because he has dependents

51. At the fundamental level, a firm's strategy should focus on creating value for: a. resellers. b. suppliers. c. customers. d. subordinates.

c. customers.

102. In Griggs v. Duke Power, the Supreme Court established the principle that: a. educational selection requirements are illegal. b. discrimination occurs only if the employer intends to discriminate. c. discrimination can occur even if it is overt or unintentional. d. employment tests are illegal.

c. discrimination can occur even if it is overt or unintentional.

45. Managers have to find ways to empower employees and encourage their participation and involvement to more fully utilize human capital because: a. employees are required to cut down on administrative costs. b. firms are moving away from team-based structures. c. employee skills often go unused. d. managers want to avoid competing through people.

c. employee skills often go unused.

70. In the 7-S framework analysis, the "Hard S" category includes systems and processes which: a. lay out the route that the organization will take in the future to increase absenteeism. b. only includes the framework in which activities of employees are coordinated. c. include formal and informal procedures that govern the every day activities of a firm. d. act as guiding parameters for strategic planning in order to increase employee turnover rate.

c. include formal and informal procedures that govern the every day activities of a firm.

48. The core value of a company: a. is the systematic monitoring of its external opportunities. b. is the basic purpose of the company. c. is the strong enduring belief used by the company to make decisions. d. is determined by conducting a trend analysis on its employees.

c. is the strong enduring belief used by the company to make decisions.

71. When a job analyst doubts the accuracy of information provided by employees, he or she should obtain additional information from all of the following EXCEPT: a. the employees. b. the managers. c. job analysts from a different organization. d. individuals who perform the same job.

c. job analysts from a different organization.

85. Any effort that makes work more rewarding or satisfying by adding more meaningful tasks to an employee's job is called: a. job enlargement. b. job augmentation. c. job enrichment. d. job rotation.

c. job enrichment.

44. Customers, suppliers, and substitutes are part of a _____ environment. a. political b. technological c. demographic d. competitive

d. competitive

120. The Glass Ceiling Act: a. never made it out of congressional committee. b. was declared unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. c. protects only white females. d. created the Glass Ceiling Commission.

d. created the Glass Ceiling Commission.

112. Affirmative action requires employers to: a. fill minority quotas. b. establish the validity of hiring procedures. c. provide additional facilities to employees with disabilities. d. develop a plan of action to correct areas of past discrimination.

d. develop a plan of action to correct areas of past discrimination.

116. Work arrangement programs involving a work schedule that differs from normal workweek schedules of 9 to 5, five days a week, include all of the following EXCEPT: a. the compressed workweek. b. flextime. c. job sharing. d. job enrichment.

d. job enrichment.

72. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act prohibits specific employers from discriminating against persons who are: a. 40 years of age or older. b. below 35 years of age. c. below 28 years of age. d. between 25 to 30 years.

a 40 years of age or older.

33. In the job characteristics model, skill variety refers to a job entailing different activities that require the use of different skills and talents by the jobholder. a. True b. False

a. True

52. Which strategy refers to the planned elimination of jobs? a. Downsizing b. Outsourcing c. Nearshoring d. Reengineering

a. Downsizing

61. Discrepancies between the knowledge, skills, and abilities of a jobholder and the KSAOs required for the job can be remedied by: a. training. b. discipline. c. cooperation. d. corporate leadership.

a. training.

11. Strategic planning is the process of anticipating and providing for the movement of people into, within, and out of an organization. a. True b. False

b. False

15. An apparel store may not discriminate against a male applying for a job as a fitting room attendant. a. True b. False

b. False

84. Which of the following is NOT an example of sexual harassment? a. Paying a man more than a woman for doing the same job b. Promoting a female employee after she agrees to an after-work date c. Permitting the work environment to be hostile, intimidating, or offensive d. Allowing a customer to demand sexual favors from an employee

a. Paying a man more than a woman for doing the same job

76. A disability under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 can be defined by all of the following EXCEPT: a. a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major activities. b. conditions caused due to the demands of the work environment. c. having a record of physical or mental impairment. d. being regarded as having a physical or mental impairment.

b. conditions caused due to the demands of the work environment.

23. By 2050, the percentage of Hispanics in the United States is expected to nearly triple, while the percentage of people of Asian descent is expected to significantly decrease. a. True b. False

False

12. Trend analysis relies on a single factor to predict employment needs. a. True b. False

a. True

13. A religious organization is excluded from the coverage of the Civil Rights Act. a. True b. False

a. True

31. HR managers can establish personal credibility by developing good relationships with people both internal and external to a firm. a. True b. False

True

15. The task inventory analysis method was pioneered by Microsoft. a. True b. False

b. False

8. Reactive changes are strategic changes initiated by managers in response to external forces that have already affected a company's performance. a. True b. False

True

9. Companies are increasingly rotating non-HR managers into HR positions and vice versa to give them exposure to different areas of the organization. a. True b. False

True

A Human Resource Information System (HRIS) provides current and accurate data for control and decision-making by managers. a. True b. False

True

81. Which of the following is NOT a problem frequently associated with job descriptions? a. They tend to broaden the scope of activities of the jobholder. b. They may be vague or poorly written. c. They include illegal specifications. d. They require frequent updating.

a. They tend to broaden the scope of activities of the jobholder.

1. Because a job analysis includes information about the requirements of someone performing a job, it provides the criteria for evaluating the people who do the work. a. True b. False

a. True

103. _____ are groups of highly trained individuals performing a set of interdependent job tasks within a natural work unit. The team members rely on consensus-type decision-making to perform their work duties, solve problems, or deal with internal or external customers. a. Cross-functional teams b. Self-directed teams c. Project teams d. Task-force teams

b. Self-directed teams

73. According to 7-S framework analysis, which of following is NOT in the "Hard S" category? a. Strategy b. Shared values c. Structure d. Systems and processes

b. Shared values

43. Human resource planning is: a. the technique that identifies the critical aspects of a job. b. the process of anticipating and providing for the movement of people into, within, and out of an organization. c. the process of setting major organizational objectives and developing comprehensive plans to achieve these objectives. d. the process of determining the primary direction of a firm.

b. the process of anticipating and providing for the movement of people into, within, and out of an organization.

56. Strategic knowledge workers have: a. unique skills not directly related to company strategy. b. unique skills directly related to company strategy. c. skills that are valuable but not unique. d. skills that are generally available in the labor market.

b. unique skills directly related to company strategy.

54. When a firm's resources improve the efficiency or effectiveness of the company, the resources are always considered to be: a. difficult to imitate. b. valuable. c. organized. d. rare.

b. valuable.

75. A _____ is a measurement framework that helps managers translate strategic goals into operational objectives. a. benchmark b. trend analysis c. Balanced Scorecard d. cultural audit

c. Balanced Scorecard

79. The statements in a job description covering job duties or essential job functions are usually arranged in: a. alphabetical order. b. numerical order. c. order of importance. d. sequential order.

c. order of importance.

76. The capacity of an organization to continuously act and change in pursuit of sustainable competitive advantage is known as: a. coordination flexibility. b. predicted capability. c. organizational capability. d. turnover flexibility.

c. organizational capability.

72. Layoff decisions are usually based on: a. union membership. b. department ranking. c. seniority. d. favoritism.

c. seniority.

95. Feedback refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which an individual is given direct and clear information about the effectiveness of his or her performance. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

c. the degree to which an individual is given direct and clear information about the effectiveness of his or her performance.

33. Which of the following is NOT a competitive challenge within the Human Resources Management framework? a. Changes in the marketplace b. Globalization c. Technology d. Employee rights

d. Employee rights

50. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of organizations that have been successful in engineering change? a. Linking the change to business strategy b. Engaging key employees early in the change process c. Investing in the implementation of change d. Engaging suppliers only after making changes

d. Engaging suppliers only after making changes

101. _____ occurs when the interaction and outcome of team members is greater than the sum of their individual efforts. a. Autonomy b. Teamwork c. Ergonomics d. Synergy

d. Synergy

69. Based upon the work of Hackman and Oldham, which of the following is NOT one of the five core job dimensions related to psychological states? a. Skill variety b. Task identity c. Task significance d. Task isolation

d. Task isolation

74. Which of the following is NOT used to determine whether an accommodation is reasonable? a. The size of the organization b. The nature of the accommodation c. The profitability of the organization d. The financial resources of the applicant

d. The financial resources of the applicant

115. In which of the following decisions did the Supreme Court not endorse all voluntary affirmative action programs, but it gave an important push to programs voluntarily implemented and designed to correct past racial imbalances? a. Griggs v. Duke Power b. Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody c. University of California Regents v. Bakke d. United Steelworkers of America v. Weber

d. United Steelworkers of America v. Weber

46. A survey conducted by the Human Resource Planning Society revealed that _____ percent of the responding companies believe that their HR group plays an important role in developing human capital. a. less than 30 b. nearly 50 c. between 30 and 40 d. nearly 65

d. nearly 65

47. The strategic vision of a company: a. is used for the systematic monitoring of its external opportunities. b. is the basic purpose of the company. c. is the strong enduring belief used by the company to make decisions. d. provides a perspective on where the company is headed.

d. provides a perspective on where the company is headed.

55. When the knowledge, skills, and abilities of a firm's human resources are not equally available to its competitors, these resources are considered to be: a. impossible to imitate. b. devalued. c. common. d. rare.

d. rare.

50. A competitive environment includes all the following EXCEPT: a. new entrants. b. suppliers. c. rivals. d. subordinates.

d. subordinates.

4. The first step in strategic planning of a firm involves establishing a mission, vision, and values for the firm. a. True b. False

a. True

96. Employers can determine adverse impact by using: a. the four-fifths rule. b. the McDonnell-Douglas test. c. the ratio rule. d. the two-thirds rule.

a. the four-fifths rule.

13. Furloughing is a situation in which a firm asks an employee to take time off but the employee is still provided with full pay and benefits. a. True b. False

False

16. Technology, transportation, communications, and utilities industries tend to spend the least on training. a. True b. False

False

22. Women now account for slightly more than half of the American workforce. a. True b. False

False

29. The HR policies are generally proposed by the senior executives of an organization to the HR managers, who actually issue them. a. True b. False

False

4. To proactively manage change, organizations should wait to see how external forces impact an organization's performance, and then develop a plan to address those changes. a. True b. False

False

7. Human capital is owned by an organization and is part of its core competencies. a. True b. False

False

11. In absolute terms, the United States remains the world's most productive nation, even when it comes to manufacturing. a. True b. False

True

18. Corporate social responsibility is the responsibility of an organization to act in the best interests of the people and communities affected by its activities. a. True b. False

True

19. A vision statement clarifies the long-term direction of a company and its strategic intent. a. True b. False

True

98. An employer interviews 150 qualified applicants, 100 whites and 50 Hispanics. If 25 whites are hired, a minimum of how many Hispanics would have to be hired to avoid charges of adverse impact? a. 20 b. 13 c. 10 d. 8

a. 20

97. An employer interviews 100 qualified applicants, 60 whites and 40 blacks. If 30 whites are hired, a minimum of how many blacks should be hired to avoid charges of adverse impact? a. 24 b. 20 c. 16 d. 12

a. 24

37. The first step in choosing an HRIS is for the HR personnel to: a. evaluate the most time-consuming tasks. b. examine the user-friendliness of the software. c. calculate the cost savings in using an HRIS. d. calculate the time required to train the HR staff.

a. evaluate the most time-consuming tasks.

48. The national identities of products are blurring due to the effect of: a. globalization. b. nearshoring. c. downsizing. d. furloughing.

a. globalization.

70. Job data may be obtained in all of the following ways EXCEPT from: a. guidelines on employee selection procedures. b. interviews with jobholders. c. observations by HR personnel. d. questionnaires completed by employees and supervisors.

a. guidelines on employee selection procedures.

71. Title VII provisions for religion: a. require employers to make reasonable accommodations for religious observance or practice. b. consider religion to be a bona fide occupational qualification. c. require employers to grant complete religious freedom in employment situatuions in accordance with the First Amendment. d. permit discrimination if religious preference is a bona fide occupational qualification.

a. require employers to make reasonable accommodations for religious observance or practice.

86. Job enrichment is touted as helping employees with: a. self-esteem and job satisfaction. b. dissatisfaction with pay. c. employment security. d. dissatisfaction with benefits.

a. self-esteem and job satisfaction.

68. Which of the following is NOT a method to gather job analysis information? a. Diaries b. Applications c. Questionnaires d. Observations

b. Applications

78. The section of a job description that provides information about the location of the job and the reporting relationships involved is the: a. job duties section. b. job identification section. c. job title. d. job specification.

b. job identification section.

75. Globalization stirs fierce debate, especially when it comes to _____. a. equal pay for women b. jobs c. proprietary technology d. information exchange

b. jobs

58. In order to do an effective job at strategic planning managers do all of the following EXCEPT: a. making forecasts of labor demand. b. neglecting supply considerations. c. performing supply analyses. d. balancing supply and demand considerations.

b. neglecting supply considerations.

94. When pursuing an adverse impact claim, an individual is alleging: a. unintentional discrimination against an individual belonging to the nonprotected class. b. intentional discrimination against an individual belonging to the nonprotected class. c. unintentional discrimination against a protected class. d. intentional discrimination against a protected class.

c. unintentional discrimination against a protected class.

91. An important step in avoiding discriminatory practices during selection is to: a. base selection decisions solely on interviews. b. use multiple interviewers for each applicant. c. use validation studies to demonstrate the job-relatedness of a selection instrument. d. require all applicants to complete an application form.

c. use validation studies to demonstrate the job-relatedness of a selection instrument.

63. Approximately _____ of mothers with school-age children are employed. a. 10 percent b. 30 percent c. 50 percent d. 70 percent

d. 70 percent

96. _____ is a naturally occurring phenomenon whereby employees mold their tasks to fit their individual strengths, passions, and motives better. a. Job development b. Dejobbing c. Employee engagement d. Job crafting

d. Job crafting

74. Globalization is of interest to _____ companies. a. service b. consumer product c. only large d. all types of

d. all types of

21. The U.S. Department of Education has found that less than half of all high school seniors in the U.S. are unable to handle basic math involving fractions, decimals, and simple algebra. a. True b. False

True

23. Succession planning is the process of identifying, developing, and tracking talented individuals so that they may eventually assume top-level positions. a. True b. False

True

24. Older workers are often willing to work flexible hours. a. True b. False

True

26. Family-friendly practices include offering flexible hours, telecommuting, and job sharing. a. True b. False

True

27. Dell has been very successful competing based on a low-cost strategy. a. True b. False

True

28. An HR manager is typically expected to function as an in-house consultant to supervisors, managers, and executives. a. True b. False

True

30. One of the roles of HR managers is to act as employee advocates despite their positions as managers. a. True b. False

True

32. When employee leasing is used, a firm signs an agreement with a professional employer organization. a. True b. False

True

5. The strategies companies are pursuing today increasingly involve one or more elements of globalization. a. True b. False

True

72. Which of the following is NOT a general responsibility of the HR manager? a. Employee supervision b. Strategic advice and counsel c. Policy formulation and implementation d. Employee advocacy

a. Employee supervision

83. Homosexuals are protected from discrimination mainly through: a. Fair Employment Practice laws at the state or local level. b. the Federal Executive Order 11246. c. the Americans with Disabilities Act. d. the Vocational Rehabilitation Act.

a. Fair Employment Practice laws at the state or local level.

105. The _____ has stringent rules requiring the payment of overtime to nonsupervisory employees who work more than forty hours a week. a. Fair Labor Standards Act b. Equal Pay Act c. Rehabilitation Act d. Taft-Hartley Act

a. Fair Labor Standards Act

49. The _____ paved the way for the formation of many major trade agreements and institutions. a. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) b. International Monetary Fund (IMF) c. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) d. European Union (EU)

a. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

69. A firm's top _____ manager is in a good position to be the chief ethics officer of the firm. a. HR b. finance c. production d. marketing

a. HR

41. _____ is the process of moving jobs closer to one's home country. a. Nearshoring b. Outsourcing c. Homeshoring d. Furloughing

a. Nearshoring

110. Affirmative action compliance is reviewed by the: a. Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs. b. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. c. Supreme Court. d. Justice Department.

a. Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs.

116. In which Supreme Court decision involving an invalidated employment test for firemen did the Court state: "once the process has been established and employers have made clear their selection criteria, they may not then invalidate the test results, thus upsetting an employee's legitimate expectation not to be judged on the basis of race."? a. Ricci v. DeStefano b. Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody c. University of California Regents v. Bakke d. United Steelworkers of America v. Weber

a. Ricci v. DeStefano

1. Strategic planning involves a set of procedures for making decisions about an organization's long-term goals and strategies. a. True b. False

a. True

10. A cultural audit can be used to examine the attitudes and expectations of employees. a. True b. False

a. True

11. O*Net Online, maintained by the Department of Labor, contains standardized and comprehensive job descriptions. a. True b. False

a. True

12. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. a. True b. False

a. True

13. An organization's core values are the strong enduring beliefs and principles that the company uses as a foundation for its decisions. a. True b. False

a. True

13. The critical job tasks identified by the critical incident approach to job analysis include those important behaviors and job responsibilities performed by the jobholder that lead to job success. a. True b. False

a. True

14. Courts have defined business necessity as a practice that is necessary to the safe and efficient operation of an organization. a. True b. False

a. True

16. Most job descriptions include a job title, a job identification section, and a job duties section. a. True b. False

a. True

17. The Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 strengthened the enforcement power of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). a. True b. False

a. True

17. The job title is of psychological importance as well as descriptive. a. True b. False

a. True

18. The Pregnancy Discrimination Act requires pregnancy leave dates to be based on the individual employee's ability to work. a. True b. False

a. True

18. Trend analysis refers to the use of statistical techniques to plot a historical trend of a business factor. a. True b. False

a. True

19. The law requires employers to be able to show that the job criteria they use to select employees for a particular position relate specifically to the duties for that job. a. True b. False

a. True

2. Human resource planning (HRP) refers to the process of recruitment and selection that caters to the welfare of an organization's existing employees. a. True b. False

a. True

20. If people are regarded as having a disability, then they are protected under the Americans with Disabilities Act. a. True b. False

a. True

22. Core values are the essence of corporate cultures and an expression of their personality. a. True b. False

a. True

22. U.S. government-owned corporations are exempted from the Civil Rights Act of 1964. a. True b. False

a. True

23. Reasonable accommodation for a disability may include reassignment to a vacant position. a. True b. False

a. True

24. A SWOT analysis helps executives summarize the major facts and forecasts derived from external and internal analyses. a. True b. False

a. True

26. Adding more meaningful tasks to an employee's job in an effort to make it more rewarding is an example of job enrichment. a. True b. False

a. True

26. In international joint ventures, the issue of culture is paramount. a. True b. False

a. True

27. According to Oldham, skill variety is the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, which demand the use of a number of different skills and talents by the jobholder. a. True b. False

a. True

28. FedEx has been very successful in utilizing a differentiation strategy. a. True b. False

a. True

28. The job characteristics model suggests that a motivated, satisfied, and productive employee is one who (1) experiences meaningful work; (2) experiences responsibility for work outcomes; and (3) has knowledge of the results of his or her work activities. a. True b. False

a. True

3. Strategic human resources management (SHRM) is a combination of strategic planning and HR planning. a. True b. False

a. True

30. Critical success factors for a low-cost strategy include efficiency, productivity, and minimizing waste. a. True b. False

a. True

34. According to the job characteristics model, task identity requires performing a job from beginning to end. a. True b. False

a. True

34. The Immigration Reform and Control Act requires employers to verify the legal rights of applicants to work in the U.S. a. True b. False

a. True

35. Job enlargement is the process of adding a greater variety of tasks to a job. a. True b. False

a. True

36. A disadvantage of overemphasizing seniority is that less competent employees receive the same rewards and security as more competent employees. a. True b. False

a. True

36. The Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures were designed to help employers, labor organizations, employment agencies, and licensing boards comply with the requirements of federal laws prohibiting employment discrimination. a. True b. False

a. True

37. A Markov analysis can show the percentage of employees who remain in each of a firm's jobs from one year to the next. a. True b. False

a. True

37. When using a selection test, employers must be able to prove that the test bears a direct relationship to success on the job. a. True b. False

a. True

38. Benchmarking is a process that companies use to look at their practices and performance in a given area and then compare them with other companies. a. True b. False

a. True

38. Participation, innovation, access to information, and accountability are the four conditions that organizations must encourage to realize the benefits of empowerment. a. True b. False

a. True

4. Early nondiscrimination laws failed to give enforcement power to the agencies charged with upholding them. a. True b. False

a. True

4. KSAOs refer to the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other attributes required of a person performing a job. a. True b. False

a. True

40. A critical aspect of industrial engineering is the establishment of time standards for a particular work cycle. a. True b. False

a. True

40. Adverse impact refers to the unintentional rejection for employment, placement, or promotion of a significantly higher percentage of members of a protected class when compared with members of nonprotected classes. a. True b. False

a. True

41. Dejobbing refers to the process of structuring organizations not around jobs but around projects that are constantly changing. a. True b. False

a. True

41. The quality-of-fill metric attempts to measure how well new hires of an organization are performing so that the organization will have enough top performers to propel it towards its strategic objectives. a. True b. False

a. True

42. The Civil Rights Act of 1991 states that employees who are sent abroad to work for U.S.-based companies are protected by U.S. antidiscrimination legislation governing age and disability and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. a. True b. False

a. True

43. When pursuing an adverse impact claim, an individual is alleging that the employer's selection practices have unintentionally discriminated against a protected group. a. True b. False

a. True

44. The concept of work teams holds that employees, not managers, are in the best position to contribute to work performance. a. True b. False

a. True

45. The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act states that the 180-day statute of limitations for filing an equal-pay lawsuit with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) resets with each new discriminatory paycheck an employee receives. a. True b. False

a. True

46. Characteristics of successful teams include commitment to shared goals, open communication, shared leadership, and clear role assignments. a. True b. False

a. True

47. Organizations can help prevent some of the problems a team experiences by determining how to compensate team members individually and jointly for its achievement. a. True b. False

a. True

5. Training in and knowledge of equal employment opportunity (EEO) laws are essential for managers and supervisors because organizations can be held accountable and legally responsible for their managers' decisions. a. True b. False

a. True

50. Employers using the compressed workweek may be required to pay overtime to employees under the Fair Labor Standards Act. a. True b. False

a. True

51. Based on the Griggs case, requiring all salespersons to be six feet tall would have an adverse impact on Asians and women, limiting their employment opportunities. a. True b. False

a. True

54. The work of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission consists of formulating equal employment opportunity (EEO) policy and approving litigation involved in maintaining equal employment opportunity. a. True b. False

a. True

55. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act protects those who file charges against an employer with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) from retaliation by the employer. a. True b. False

a. True

6. Organizational core values form the foundation of a firm's decisions. a. True b. False

a. True

7. Job analysis is the process of obtaining information about jobs through a process of determining what the duties, tasks, or activities of those jobs are. a. True b. False

a. True

7. Women and minority groups are referred to as protected classes. a. True b. False

a. True

8. An internal analysis enables strategic decision makers to assess an organization's workforce—its skills, cultural beliefs, and values. a. True b. False

a. True

8. Common methods of analyzing jobs include interviews, questionnaires, observation, and diaries. a. True b. False

a. True

8. Seniority systems can be used by companies to legally justify paying men more than women. a. True b. False

a. True

9. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or age. a. True b. False

a. True

76. Globalization has led to _____. a. a new focus on corporate social responsibility b. older workers behaving more like free agents c. a reduction in the number of offshoring options d. a reduction in the number of nearshoring options

a. a new focus on corporate social responsibility

82. Fair employment practice laws: a. are often more comprehensive than federal laws. b. are established by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. c. cannot bar discrimination based on marital status or political affiliation. d. are provisions under the Veterans' Readjustment Act.

a. are often more comprehensive than federal laws.

83. As companies diversify into new businesses, managers are inevitably faced with a make or _____ decision. a. buy b. lease c. forego d. substitute

a. buy

66. Employee rights include all of the following EXCEPT: a. company funded pension plan. b. equal employment opportunity. c. union representation. d. equal pay for equal work.

a. company funded pension plan.

66. The American with Disabilities Act requires that job duties and responsibilities must be: a. essential job functions for job success. b. adjusted to describe the reasonable accommodations that an employer is willing to provide. c. limited to not more than twenty individual job tasks. d. written by job incumbents most familiar with the job.

a. essential job functions for job success.

81. Executive Order 11246 provides equal employment opportunities to: a. federal employees and individuals employed by government contractors. b. state and local government employees. c. all employees of public and private employers. d. union members.

a. federal employees and individuals employed by government contractors.

55. A job analysis approach that utilizes an inventory of the various types of work activities that can constitute any job is known as: a. functional job analysis. b. the critical incident method. c. task inventory analysis. d. the position analysis questionnaire system.

a. functional job analysis.

127. Virtual teams: a. have their problems as well as benefits. b. have never caught on in Europe. c. seem to be without problems. d. began with the invention of color TV.

a. have their problems as well as benefits.

68. Cooperative strategies pursued by firms include: a. joint ventures. b. trend analysis. c. mergers. d. acquisitions.

a. joint ventures.

117. A "national origin group" is defined as a group of people sharing a common: a. language, culture, ancestry, and/or similar social characteristics. b. birthplace other than the U.S. c. occupation. d. education.

a. language, culture, ancestry, and/or similar social characteristics.

42. The process of setting procedures for making decisions about an organization's long-term goals is called: a. strategic planning. b. HR planning. c. job analysis. d. environmental scanning.

a. strategic planning

79. The law that enables people who enter the military for a total of five years to return to their private-sector jobs without risk of loss of seniority or benefits is: a. the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act. b. the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973. c. the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972. d. the Veterans' Readjustment Act.

a. the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act.

59. A factor that appears to have influenced the growth of Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) legislation is: a. the changing attitudes of society at large. b. the post-war baby boom. c. a shortage of qualified labor. d. an influx of illegal immigrants.

a. the changing attitudes of society at large.

91. Skill variety refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of other people. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents.

81. Analysis of external opportunities and threats is _____ step of the strategic management process. a. the second b. the last c. an optional d. the penultimate

a. the second

80. The job specification section of a job description should include: a. the skills required to perform the job. b. the location of the job. c. the person to whom the jobholder reports. d. the date of job posting.

a. the skills required to perform the job.

60. A qualitative approach to demand forecasting can include any of the following EXCEPT: a. trend analysis b. the Delphi technique c. soliciting expert opinion d. management forecast

a. trend analysis

82. Federal guidelines and court decisions require that the specific performance requirements of a job be based on _____ job-related criteria. a. valid b. skilled c. incompetent d. competent

a. valid

92. When an employment selection instrument is related to job success, the instrument is said to have: a. validity. b. correctness. c. discrimination. d. exclusiveness.

a. validity.

90. Hackman and Oldham propose that the five characteristics in their job characteristics model lead to all of the following EXCEPT: a. work group synergy. b. improved work performance. c. internal motivation. d. lower absenteeism and turnover.

a. work group synergy.

118. Compressed workweeks are a problem because the Fair Labor Standards Act requires the payment of overtime to regular employees who work more than: a. 8 hours in a day. b. 40 hours in a week. c. five days a week. d. 10 hours in a day.

b. 40 hours in a week.

58. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, about _____ of people over 55 now participate in the labor force. a. 15 percent b. 40 percent c. 55 percent d. 75 percent

b. 40 percent

66. The legislative act that bars discrimination in all HR activities, including hiring, training, promotion, pay, employee benefits, and other conditions of employment is known as the: a. Equal Pay Act of 1963. b. Civil Rights Act of 1964. c. Equal Employment Act of 1972. d. Civil Rights Act of 1991.

b. Civil Rights Act of 1964

11. State and local governments are exempted from the provisions of the Civil Rights Act and Equal Employment law. a. True b. False

b. False

12. Critical incident analysis is an organization-specific list of tasks and their descriptions that are used as a basis to identify components of a job. a. True b. False

b. False

17. Trend analysis is a qualitative approach to labor demand forecasting. a. True b. False

b. False

21. A disabled person must have an obvious physical impairment or deformity to be considered disabled under the Americans with Disabilities Act a. True b. False

b. False

21. Federal guidelines and court decisions now permit that performance requirements of a job may be based on invalid job-related criteria. a. True b. False

b. False

23. Job design is the process of studying and designing equipment and systems that are easy and efficient for employees to use so that their physical well-being is not compromised. a. True b. False

b. False

25. Executive Order 11246 requires all federal agencies and government contractors to develop affirmative action plans. a. True b. False

b. False

25. Job enrichment can improve employee performance in cases of dissatisfaction with pay and benefits. a. True b. False

b. False

26. HR managers need not be concerned about state fair employment practice laws since they are usually less stringent and less comprehensive than federal laws prohibiting discrimination. a. True b. False

b. False

28. Dirty jokes, vulgar slang, nude pictures, swearing, and personal ridicule and insult constitute quid pro quo sexual harassment. a. True b. False

b. False

29. In the job characteristics model, skill variety refers to the amount of freedom held by an employee to schedule work and perform its activities. a. True b. False

b. False

29. Quid pro quo sexual harassment occurs when unwelcome sexual conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with job performance or creating an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment. a. True b. False

b. False

3. Employment discrimination began in the nineteenth century with the Civil Rights Act of 1866. a. True b. False

b. False

3. Job specifications describe the duties, tasks, and responsibilities performed on the job and therefore play a key role in performance appraisal. a. True b. False

b. False

30. In the job characteristics model, task identity refers to the degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the work of others. a. True b. False

b. False

31. In the job characteristics model, feedback refers to the degree to which a job provides substantial freedom, independence, and discretion to an employee. a. True b. False

b. False

32. The bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) exception does not apply to discrimination based on national origin. a. True b. False

b. False

33. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act provides employees with a statutory right to complete religious freedom in the workplace. a. True b. False

b. False

35. To comply with the Immigration Reform and Control Act, employers must submit all completed Form I-9s to Immigration and Naturalization Service officers for approval. a. True b. False

b. False

37. Employee empowerment is an example of when an organization allows its employees to participate in the decisions that affect the overall strategic direction of the organization. a. True b. False

b. False

38. The Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures require validated procedures for selecting and promoting employees but do not apply to dismissal, transfer, or demotion. a. True b. False

b. False

41. No adverse impact exists if members of a protected class represent a significantly smaller percentage of the organization's workforce than the percentage found in the population of the surrounding community. a. True b. False

b. False

44. The Four-Fifths Rule applies when the number of employees from a protected class is less than four-fifths of the number of employees hired from the class with the highest selection rate. a. True b. False

b. False

45. Employee empowerment refers to a situation in which workers are enthusiastic and immersed in their work to the degree that it improves the performance of their companies. a. True b. False

b. False

48. The major advantage of the compressed workweek involves federal laws regarding overtime. a. True b. False

b. False

5. If the criteria used to hire and evaluate employees are vague and not job-related, employers are less likely to find themselves being accused of discriminating against the members of protected classes. a. True b. False

b. False

5. The strategic vision of an organization never moves beyond its mission statement to provide a perspective on where the company is headed and what the organization can become in the future. a. True b. False

b. False

50. The Griggs case established the principle that statistical disparity among protected class members must be made in comparison to the relevant labor market. a. True b. False

b. False

51. The Fair Labor Standards Act requires the payment of overtime to regular workers who work more than eight hours in a day. a. True b. False

b. False

52. Employees participate in flextime when they do entirely different jobs on a rotating schedule. a. True b. False

b. False

53. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission consists of one commissioner from each state and a general counsel. a. True b. False

b. False

6. Managers cannot be sued for discrimination because they merely act as agents of their employer. a. True b. False

b. False

9. Employee interviewing is the most accurate method of job analysis because the employee is least likely to exaggerate essential job functions. a. True b. False

b. False

9. Internal analysis focuses on culture and conflicts within an organization. a. True b. False

b. False

Which of the following is false? a. Majority of employees have no children under 18. b. Family-friendly policies have no positive outcomes for firms. c. Flextime options are on the rise for employees. d. Family-friendly policies may include day care, part-time work, and job sharing.

b. Family-friendly policies have no positive outcomes for firms.

34. The _____ is the first major trade agreement of the twentieth century to establish rules and guidelines for global commerce. a. NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) b. GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) c. FTAA (Free Trade Area of the Americas) d. APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation)

b. GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)

64. The use and disclosure of personal medical information is protected by the: a. Privacy Act of 1974. b. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. c. Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986. d. Public Health Service Act of 1944.

b. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996

77. Which of the following is NOT a basis for age discrimination? a. Excluding older workers from important work activities b. Making positive changes in the performance evaluations of older employees c. Selecting younger applicants over better-qualified older applicants d. Reducing job duties and responsibilities of older employees

b. Making positive changes in the performance evaluations of older employees

64. A _____ is used to depict the number and percentage of employees of an organization in each job from year to year, with proportions of those who are promoted, demoted, transferred, or who exit the organization. a. staffing table b. Markov analysis c. skills inventory d. trend analysis

b. Markov analysis

68. Which of the following is not prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964? a. Paying a woman less than a man for doing the same job b. Promoting a white male over a black male on the basis of seniority c. Refusing to hire Hispanics d. Limiting training opportunities for men

b. Promoting a white male over a black male on the basis of seniority

86. Which of the following are the two forms of sexual harassment recognized by the EEOC? a. Traditional and work environment b. Quid pro quo and hostile environment c. On the job and off the job d. Good intentions and discriminatory

b. Quid pro quo and hostile environment

119. Which law prohibits federal contractors from discriminating against disabled individuals in any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance and requires federal contractors to develop affirmative action plans to hire and promote disabled people? a. The Americans with Disabilities Act b. The Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 c. Executive Order 11246 d. Executive Order 11478

b. The Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973

90. The procedural document developed by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is the: a. Uniform Commercial Code. b. Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures. c. Affirmative Action Guide. d. Business Code of Ethics.

b. Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures.

121. Individuals with AIDS or HIV are "disabled" within the meaning of the: a. Civil Rights Act of 1991. b. Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973. c. Executive Order 11246. d. state and local anti-discrimination laws only.

b. Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973.

73. Age discrimination does NOT exist when: a. employers make off-hand remarks about older individuals. b. advanced age affects organizational efficiency. c. older workers are pressured to take early retirement. d. older workers are terminated during downsizing.

b. advanced age affects organizational efficiency.

57. It is anticipated that in the future, the American workforce will exhibit: a. about the same demographic mix as it does today. b. an increase in ethnic diversity. c. a decrease in ethnic diversity. d. a decrease in the number of older workers.

b. an increase in ethnic diversity.

93. Adverse impact means that: a. men are paid less than women. b. employment decisions reject a higher percentage of a protected class than a nonprotected class. c. efforts are made to recruit a larger percentage of minorities. d. religion as a bona fide occupational qualification is permitted at the workplace.

b. employment decisions reject a higher percentage of a protected class than a nonprotected class.

49. The systematic, regular monitoring of major external forces influencing an organization is called: a. demand forecasting. b. environmental scanning. c. exception reporting. d. influence analysis.

b. environmental scanning.

58. The employment of individuals in a fair and nonbiased manner is called: a. reasonable accomodation. b. equal employment opportunity. c. civil rights policy. d. diversity management.

b. equal employment opportunity.

63. The Equal Pay Act prohibits employers from discrimination in pay based on: a. race. b. gender. c. religion. d. age.

b. gender.

43. The knowledge, skills, and capabilities of individuals that have a tremendous impact on an organization's performance but do not show up directly on its balance sheet are known as: a. intellectual capital. b. human capital. c. core capital. d. employee capital.

b. human capital.

The mission of a company: a. is used for the systematic monitoring of its external opportunities. b. is the basic purpose of the company. c. is the strong enduring belief used by the company to make decisions. d. provides a perspective on where the company is headed.

b. is the basic purpose of the company.

69. An organizational structure: a. lays out the route that the organization will take in the future to increase absenteeism. b. is the framework in which activities of employees are coordinated. c. is the formal procedure that governs every day activity. d. is used to increase employee turnover rate.

b. is the framework in which activities of employees are coordinated.

106. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) conducts its operations through: a. state and local government offices. b. its administrative headquarters, district offices, and area offices. c. the Department of Justice. d. the Department of Labor.

b. its administrative headquarters, district offices, and area offices.

59. Managers are concerned that the expertise of employees will be rapidly drained from their companies because: a. recruitment of minorities is increasing. b. large portions of American workers are nearing retirement. c. older workers' are becoming more resistant to flexible work hour. d. older workers are increasing behaving like free agents.

b. large portions of American workers are nearing retirement.

. As an employee advocate, HR managers: a. formulate and issue policy revisions for employees. b. listen to employees and represent their needs to management. c. provide individual orientation and training to every employee. d. assist employees with labor negotiations.

b. listen to employees and represent their needs to management.

55. The business practice of sending jobs to other countries is referred to as: a. outplacement. b. offshoring. c. outsourcing. d. employee leasing.

b. offshoring

114. A group of experienced people from different departments appointed by management and charged with improving productivity and decreasing waste in processes that affect all departments involved is called a(n): a. self-directed team. b. process-improvement team. c. cross-functional team. d. employee rotation unit.

b. process-improvement team.

112. A group of employees formed to design a new product or service is called a(n): a. self-directed team. b. project team. c. cross-functional team. d. employee rotation unit.

b. project team.

99. Disparate treatment cases involve: a. discharge complaints. b. purposeful discrimination. c. affirmative action goals. d. immigration cases.

b. purposeful discrimination.

65. Talent inventories can be used to develop _____, which list current jobholders. a. core values b. replacement charts c. trend models d. staffing tables

b. replacement charts

61. Trend analysis includes all of the following steps EXCEPT: a. selecting a business factor. b. soliciting expert opinions. c. predicting employment needs. d. plotting historical trends.

b. soliciting expert opinions.

67. Family-friendly work options include all of the following EXCEPT: a. day care. b. spousal benefits. c. parental leave. d. job sharing.

b. spousal benefits.

60. An employee alleging discrimination can sue both the manager (or supervisor) of a company and the company itself because: a. the company provided EEO training to the manager. b. the manager or supervisor functions as an agent of the company. c. the protected classes are adequately represented in the company. d. the Uniform Guidelines require an employer to conduct validity studies of its selection procedures.

b. the manager or supervisor functions as an agent of the company.

47. About _____ of what Americans produce every year dollar-wise is sold abroad. a. 50 percent b. 30 percent c. 10 percent d. 2 percent

c. 10 percent

53. Approximately _____ of the U.S. economy today is affected by international competition, including small companies. a. 25 to 40 percent b. 50 to 65 percent c. 70 to 85 percent d. 90 to 100 percent

c. 70 to 85 percent

44. Women who are employed full-time today make about _____ of what men employed full-time make. a. 50 percent b. 95 percent c. 79 percent d. 100 percent

c. 79 percent

. _____ requires an understanding of an organization's customers and economic and financial capabilities to help a firm achieve its strategic direction and adjust it as needed. a. Change mastery b. HR mastery c. Business mastery d. Personal credibility

c. Business mastery

60. In which of the following ways are labor force and its demographics expected to change? a. Minorities will make up a smaller share of the U.S. labor force than they did in the past. b. Women will make up a smaller share of the U.S. labor force than they did in the past. c. By 2050, the labor force participation rate will be only about 59 percent. d. The demand for temporary workers will triple by 2050.

c. By 2050, the labor force participation rate will be only about 59 percent.

107. Telecommuting is fairly common in: a. Ohio. b. Texas. c. California. d. Maine.

c. California.

100. _____ refers to a situation in which workers are enthusiastic and immersed in their work to the degree that it improves the performance of their companies. a. Dejobbing b. Job crafting c. Employee engagement d. Employee empowerment

c. Employee engagement

62. _____ is the process of studying and designing equipment and systems that are easy and efficient for people to use and that ensure their physical well-being. a. Dejobbing b. Industrial engineering c. Ergonomics d. Autonomy

c. Ergonomics

121. Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of flextime schedules? a. Flextime is difficult to implement in situations where workstations must be staffed at all times. b. Flextime makes communication and control more difficult for supervisors. c. Flextime makes it difficult to recruit and retain personnel. d. Flextime leads to increased energy costs due to extended facility hours.

c. Flextime makes it difficult to recruit and retain personnel.

36. Which of the following is NOT a primary impact that technology has had on human resources management (HRM)? a. It has altered the methods of collecting employment information. b. It has quickened the processing of employment data. c. It has diminished the role of supervisors in managing employees. d. It has improved the processes of internal and external communications.

c. It has diminished the role of supervisors in managing employees.

51. Which of the following is one of the largest expenditures of service companies? a. Production costs b. Marketing costs c. Labor costs d. Distribution costs

c. Labor costs

89. According to the job characteristics model, what three psychological states of a jobholder result in motivated, satisfied, and productive employees? a. Meaningfulness of the work, task significance, and autonomy b. Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for completion of a whole identifiable piece of work, and task significance c. Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of work results d. Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for outcomes, and fair compensation

c. Meaningfulness of the work, responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of work results

67. Under which method of analyzing jobs would you videotape jobs for later study? a. Interviews b. Questionnaires c. Observation d. Diaries

c. Observation

67. A _____ analysis is intended to help executives summarize the major facts and forecasts derived from external and internal analyses. a. gap b. Markov c. SWOT d. trend

c. SWOT

38. _____ is closely related to corporate social responsibility. a. Downsizing b. Furloughing c. Sustainability d. Offshoring

c. Sustainability

109. What occurs when the interaction and outcome of team members is greater than the sum of their individual efforts? a. Unanimity b. Dejobbing c. Synergy d. Ergonomics

c. Synergy

74. Which popular method of job analysis was pioneered by the U.S. Air Force? a. Dynamic job analysis b. Team-based analysis c. Task inventory analysis d. Competency-based analysis

c. Task inventory analysis

100. During the 1970s, in which case did the Supreme Court rule that applicants must be evaluated on an individual basis, and race can be one factor used in the evaluation process as long as other competitive factors are considered? a. Ricci v. DeStefano b. Griggs v. Duke Power c. University of California Regents v. Bakke d. Hazelwood School District v. United States

c. University of California Regents v. Bakke

114. In which of the following decisions did the Supreme Court state that affirmative action programs are not illegal per se as long as rigid quota systems were not specified for different protected classes? a. Griggs v. Duke Power b. Albemarle Paper Co. v. Moody c. University of California Regents v. Bakke d. United Steelworkers of America v. Weber

c. University of California Regents v. Bakke

120. When an employee can adjust their daily starting and quitting times, provided they work a certain number of hours per day or week, their work schedule is known as: a. a compressed workweek. b. an enriched workweek. c. a flextime arrangement. d. an adaptable schedule.

c. a flextime arrangement.

118. In recent years, the number of age discrimination complaints filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has shown: a. a slow decline. b. a dramatic increase. c. a steady increase. d. a rapid decline.

c. a steady increase.

103. EEOC guidelines are: a. part of the federal law framework. b. part of the state laws. c. administrative rules published in the Federal Register. d. only applicable to organizations that employ over 1000 people.

c. administrative rules published in the Federal Register

111. A group staffed with a mix of specialists based on assignment (non-voluntary) that is formed to accomplish a specific objective is called a _____. a. self-directed team b. project team c. cross-functional team d. process-improvement team

c. cross-functional team

72. The degree to which carrying out the work activities required by the job results in the individual being given direct and clear information about the effectiveness of his or her performance is known as: a. task identity. b. autonomy. c. feedback. d. task variety.

c. feedback.

54. Hiring someone outside the company to perform tasks that could be done internally is known as: a. outplacement. b. contracting. c. outsourcing. d. employee leasing.

c. outsourcing.

124. Job sharing is suited to all of the following EXCEPT: a. people who only wish to work part-time. b. spouses with families who want to work part-time. c. people who need full-time work to satisfy all of their obligations. d. older workers who wish to phase into retirement.

c. people who need full-time work to satisfy all of their obligations.

64. Employers that pay men and women a different salary are violating the Equal Pay Act only if the pay difference is a result of: a. seniority and expertise. b. merit and experience. c. performing tasks requiring same skills. d. the quantity or quality of production.

c. performing tasks requiring same skills.

70. Bona fide occupational qualifications can: a. be used to identify adverse impact. b. be based on employer preference. c. permit discrimination by an employer. d. require reasonable accommodation on the part of the employer.

c. permit discrimination by an employer

62. Major federal EEO laws have been enacted to prevent discrimination against groups of workers most often affected by unfair employment practices. These groups are referred to as: a. significant worker classes. b. privileged classes. c. protected classes. d. equal employment classes.

c. protected classes.

125. From the employer's perspective, telecommuting is advantageous for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: a. increased worker productivity. b. reduced carbon footprints. c. replacement of nontelecommuting employees. d. retention of valued employees.

c. replacement of nontelecommuting employees.

82. In the telephone industry, mobile phones and VOIP (Voice-over-the Internet Protocol) are examples of _____ for traditional firms. a. companions b. rivals c. substitutes d. supplements

c. substitutes

66. The process of identifying, developing, and tracking talented individuals so that they may eventually assume top-level positions is: a. target forecasting. b. predicted change. c. succession planning. d. replacement selection.

c. succession planning.

57. An organization-specific list of tasks and their descriptions used as a basis to identify components of a job is known as: a. functional job analysis. b. the critical incident method. c. task inventory analysis. d. competency-based analysis.

c. task inventory analysis.

93. Task significance refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of others. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of others.

101. An employer's workforce is said to be at par with the relevant labor market when: a. women are hired at the same rate as men. b. affirmative action goals are achieved. c. the employer's workforce by race and sex compares favorably with the surrounding labor market. d. adverse impact is eliminated in the selection procedures of employees.

c. the employer's workforce by race and sex compares favorably with the surrounding labor market.

126. Which of the following is an advantage of telecommuting? a. Employees develop high self-discipline while working alone at home. b. Communication within an organization improves as telecommuting is unambiguous in comparison with face-to-face communication. c. Line managers accustomed to managing by observation may find supervising distributed employees easy. d. It reduces overhead costs and office space of a company.

d. It reduces overhead costs and office space of a company.

84. _____ is accomplished by adding more meaningful tasks and duties to make the work more rewarding and satisfying. a. Job augmentation b. Job rotation c. Job enlargement d. Job enrichment

d. Job enrichment

67. Which of the following employers are covered under the Civil Rights Act of 1964? a. Organizations hiring Native Americans on or near a reservation b. Bona fide, tax-exempt private clubs c. Religious organizations employing persons of a specific religion d. Labor unions having 15 or more members or employees

d. Labor unions having 15 or more members or employees

73. _____ is a competency of the HR manager earned by developing personal relationships with people both internal and external to the firm demonstrating the values of the firm, standing up for one's own beliefs, and dealing with all parties equitably. a. Change mastery b. HR mastery c. Business mastery d. Personal credibility

d. Personal credibilit

87. Which of the following is NOT under the jurisdiction of the Civil Rights Act of 1964? a. State and local governments b. Private and public employment agencies c. Private educational institutions d. Private employers in interstate commerce with less than ten employees

d. Private employers in interstate commerce with less than ten employees

115. _____ use advanced computer and telecommunications technology to link team members who are geographically dispersed. a. Content teams b. Whole teams c. Advanced teams d. Virtual teams

d. Virtual teams

61. Which of the following groups would not fall under the broad definition of protected classes? a. African Americans b. Women c. People above 55 years of age d. White men

d. White men

111. Legally, an affirmative action program is required when: a. a firm has 25 or more employees. b. a firm wants to expand its workforce. c. a firm's union-management contract is being negotiated. d. a firm has a federal contract exceeding $50,000.

d. a firm has a federal contract exceeding $50,000.

76. Most job descriptions contain all of the following EXCEPT: a. the job title. b. a job identification section. c. a job duties section. d. a job evaluation section.

d. a job evaluation section.

60. A job description is: a. a group of related activities and duties of a job. b. a set of different duties and responsibilities performed by one employee. c. a statement of the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to perform a job. d. a statement of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job.

d. a statement of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job.

71. Shared values: a. are essential for an organization that aims to increase its employee turnover rate. b. act as the framework in which activities of employees are coordinated to reduce absenteeism. c. are formal and informal procedures that govern every day activity of the managers of an organization. d. act as guiding parameters for strategic planning.

d. act as guiding parameters for strategic planning.

77. The job title: a. is of psychological importance as it provides status to the employee. b. indicates the level within the occupational hierarchy occupied by the jobholder. c. may indicate the basic duties involved in the job. d. all of these are correct.

d. all of these are correct.

75. In a fast-moving environment where job analysis must accommodate change, many organizations may adopt a _____, where the emphasis is on characteristics of successful performers rather than standard duties. a. dynamic job analysis b. team-based analysis c. strategic analysis of jobs d. competency-based analysis

d. competency-based analysis

104. Complete training for teams should cover each of the following skills, EXCEPT: a. leadership. b. goal setting. c. conflict resolution. d. etiquette.

d. etiquette.

89. To comply with the Immigration Reform and Control Act, employers should do all of the following EXCEPT: a. completing and retaining form I-9. b. presenting form I-9 for inspection upon request. c. verifying the citizenship or immigration status of their employees. d. refusing to hire immigrants.

d. refusing to hire immigrants.

88. Giving preference to members of protected classes to the extent that unprotected individuals believe they are suffering is known as: a. sexual harassment. b. retaliation. c. affirmative action. d. reverse discrimination.

d. reverse discrimination.

83. The degree to which the job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work, that is, doing a job from beginning to end with a visible outcome is known as: a. autonomy. b. task significance. c. skill variety. d. task identity.

d. task identity.

80. The law that requires federal contractors to take affirmative action in hiring disabled individuals is: a. the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act. b. the Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act. c. the Americans with Disabilities Act. d. the Vocational Rehabilitation Act.

d. the Vocational Rehabilitation Act.

94. Autonomy refers to: a. the degree to which a job entails a variety of different activities, requiring the use of different skills and talents. b. the degree to which a job requires completion of an identifiable piece of work with a visible outcome. c. the degree to which a job has impact on the work of others. d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.

d. the degree to which a job provides independence and discretion to an individual in scheduling the work and determining the procedures to use.