HS202 - Unit 3

For which of the following reasons did President Harry Truman authorize use of the atomic bomb in 1945?

An Allied invasion of Japan would cost hundreds of thousands of American lives, since the Japanese had vowed to defend the main islands to the last man, woman, and child.

During the 1950s, Americans expressed anxiety about communism in which of the following ways?

Anticommunist rhetoric led to attacks on civil liberties of individuals suspected of being communists or communist sympathizers.

What was the cause of the 1973 oil embargo enacted by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)?

Arab oil-producing states wanted to pressure Israel's First World allies by halting oil exports to them.

Which of the following led to the internal migration of 12 million South Asians in 1947?

Both Hindus and Muslims left their homes to relocate to the new countries, India or Pakistan, after more than a million people were killed in religious conflicts.

Which of the following is a similarity between the decolonization experiences of Algeria and South Africa?

Both countries had large numbers of European settlers, which prevented a smooth transfer of power.

The Boxer Rebellion was similar to the earlier Taiping Rebellion in which of the following ways?

Both responded to hardship and poor economic conditions in China.

What was the general impact of the Great Depression in Latin America?

Crucial exports declined and Latin America was unable to repay its loans.

Which of the following European claims did the systematic implementation of the Nazi genocide challenge?

Europeans had claimed that science, technology, and an efficient bureaucracy would make life better for all.

India and China both achieved political independence peacefully.

False

The majority of international immigration between 1840 and 1940 came from Europe to the Americas.

False

Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique called for a return to traditional gender roles.

False.

European politicians refused to conscript colonial subjects during the war.

False.

In contrast to Europe, the political system in the postwar United States did not receive attacks from the right and left.

False.

NATO and the Warsaw Pact were both designed to help contain the spread of communism.

False.

The US and the Soviet Union emerged from World War I as the leading global economic powerhouses.

False.

The tension in Europe that led to World War I was partly caused by a growing nationalist rivalry between which two states?

Great Britain and Germany

Advocates for imperialism reacted to news of the turmoil in the Belgian and German African colonies with sentiments reflected by which statement below?

In these specific situations civilization had not yet been imposed on backward populations.

What role did the US government play in response to the 1894 Pullman Strike?

It deployed federal troops to help suppress the strike.

Which of the following was a consequence of Rachel Carson's book, The Silent Spring?

It led to the environmental movement which questioned many of the ideas about economic progress and material prosperity upon which the "American Dream" had rested.

According to Sun Yat-sen, what was demonstrated by the existence of different racial or ethnic groups in China?

It showed incomplete assimilation into Han culture.

What was the Russian motivation for signing the 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

Lenin wanted Russia to focus on defending socialism at home.

Which of the following was a consequence of countries' imposing protective tariffs?

Manufacturers cut back on production and laid off millions of workers.

Which individual was most responsible for mobilizing a mass anticolonial movement in British-controlled India?

Mohandas K. Gandhi

Jawaharlal Nehru disagreed with Gandhi in which of the following ways?

Nehru believed that India needed to embrace science and technology to develop as a modern nation.

In what way did pan-Germanism differ from German nationalism?

Pan-Germanism motivated people to define their identity by race or blood instead of national boundaries.

Which of the following was a major consequence of World War I?

Social hierarchies in European societies were shaken up or overthrown.

Which populations were involved in the Anglo-Boer War?

South African blacks, British colonists in South Africa, and Afrikaners

Which of the following is an example of a form of entertainment appealing to the masses that emerged at the end of the nineteenth century?

Sports

Which of the following is a reason that communism lost its appeal in post-World War II western Europe?

Strong economic growth led to increased standards of living and expanded access to services like education and health care.

How did the goals of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt differ from those of the Wafd?

The Muslim Brotherhood wanted to use the nation-state as a means of returning to a pure form of Islam, while the Wafd was primarily a secular nationalist group.

Which of the following ideas was part of Sun Yat-sen's program?

The multiracial China envisioned by the Manchu Dynasty was unacceptable.

Indian intellectuals used western culture to promote Indian nationalism in which of the following ways?

They facilitated the spread of nationalist ideas throughout British India by creating modern cultural forms such as newspapers, pamphlets, and journals.

How did Pacific Rim nations such as South Korea and Taiwan escape the typical Third World cycle of poverty and dependence?

They used regulation to promote new industries and required multinationals to cooperate with local firms.

Al-Afghani called upon Shia and Sunni to overcome their religious divides and confront the west together.

True

For Gandhi, the most effective route to accomplishing Indian independence was for all Indians to embrace self-reliance and nonviolent resistance to colonial rule.

True.

Francophone writer Frantz Fanon argued that violence against European oppressors would provide catharsis to peoples in the Third World.

True.

Most governments imposed few restrictions on immigration before 1914.

True.

The 1950 Group Areas Act required South Africans to live in their designated racial "homeland."

True.

The reason Nazi bureaucrats decided to exterminate, instead of deporting, the Jewish population of eastern Europe was that they believed deportation was too costly.

True.

What impact did the self-determination principle of Wilsonianism have beyond Europe?

Various groups used the principle to voice anticolonial and national sentiment.

In post-World War II western Europe, the "woman question" concerned what new problem?

Women were making gains in the workplace, but without a proportional decrease in domestic responsibility.

Which of the following polices did Nasser pursue after the overthrow of the Egyptian king?

a massive redistribution of land from large landholders to smallholders and the landless

Which of the following is an element common to all the authoritarian systems of the mid-twentieth century?

a willingness to use violence and terror against their own citizens

How did Stalin plan to replace capitalist agriculture with socialist agriculture in the Soviet Union?

by forcing peasant farmers to join state-run agricultural collectives

In which African colonies was resistance to colonial rule the strongest?

colonies in which Europeans had conquered African peoples, regardless of the manner in which Europeans ruled

What military tactics, which became more common during the twentieth century, were implemented during the Anglo-Boer War?

concentration camps and guerrilla campaigns

Of the many factors that contributed to the unsettled nature of the turn-of-the-twentieth-century world, which of the following led most directly to the Maji-Maji Revolt?

increasing anticolonial sentiments

During the 1920s and 1930s, most ideas about "being modern" acknowledged that modernity implied

mass production and consumption.

Which of the following was the destination of most South Asian emigrants?

other British colonies, where they could work as laborers

How did World War I affect the relative strength of Japan?

positively, as European and American competition declined in the manufacturing sector

Which of the following actions were meant by the term blitzkrieg?

tank-led assaults, followed by motorized infantrymen and finally foot soldiers

Which of the following was an exception to the general rule of unrestricted migration during the late nineteenth century?

the Chinese Exclusion Act in the United States

Which of the following was a common response to class conflict in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century western Europe?

the growth of labor parties to participate in electoral politics

Following World War II, which of the following emerged as the prevailing global political organization?

the nation-state

Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points most directly influenced which provision of the Treaty of Versailles?

the organization of a League of Nations

Which of the following was a cause of the Great Depression?

the rise of protectionism and decline of free trade

One result of the emergence of popular culture was

the use of cultural choices to assert social or class identity.

What did Pan-Islamism ask of Muslims?

to put aside differences between Shiite and Sunni and work against European aggression

Which of the following groups of Africans led anticolonial movements immediately following World War II?

urban unemployed, former servicemen, western-educated indigenous elites

By the end of the 1930s, how did most people perceive the liberal democratic model of governance?

weak and vulnerable