HTH-4503 Human Disease & Epidemiology Exam 1 Study Guide

Which of the following would be of interest to a public health scientist?

A city's average smog level

What factors should be considered in measuring long-term changes in disease frequency over time?

All of the above: Changes in diagnostic criteria, changes in age distribution, and changes in the fatal course of the condition

The uses of epidemiology include

All of the above: Search for determinants (cause of disease), estimation of individual risks and chances of contracting disease, and evaluation of health services

Public health has its foundations in

Epidemiology, biostatistics, and health services

Tertiary prevention strategies aim to

Reduce ongoing effects of the disease

Cyclic variations in the occurrence of pneumonia and influenza mortality may reflect:

Seasonal variations in cases of influenza

Indicate the level of prevention: Screening for breast cancer

Secondary prevention

Which of the following is an intervention that occurs before symptoms of a disease appear, but after some risk factors are present?

Secondary prevention

An example of a modifiable risk factor is

Smoking status

Indicate the level of prevention: Half-way houses for persons recovering from addiction

Tertiary prevention

Which of the following is not usually an aim of epidemiology?

To fund new public health programs

Behavior can be both a risk factor and outcome variable

True

The stage of pre-symptomatic disease follows the stage of susceptibility

True

John Snow, in Snow on Cholera

Was an early epidemiologist who used natural experiments. Argued that the environment was associated with diseases such as malaria