HTW Chapter 14 Smartbook Questions

Which of the following can occur when heart valves do not function normally?

Blood does not flow through the heart smoothly. Blood can leak backward between heart chambers.

True or false: The protective effect against heart disease associated with light consumption of alcoholic beverages appears to be linked to alcohol itself.

True

Which of the following would be the best option for preventing cardiovascular disease?

a plant-based diet

Which of the following are risk factors for type-2 diabetes?

abdominal fat age race physical inactivity

Although the various chronic lung diseases have different causes and treatments, they are all characterized by

airway obstruction and shortness of breath.

High triglyceride levels are associated with which of the following?

alcohol consumption excess body fat

Which of the following are parts of the lungs?

alveoli bronchi bronchioles

Homocysteine is a(n) _____ that circulates in the blood and may damage the lining of blood vessels.

amino acid

What test uses ultrasound to visualize heart function?

an echocardiogram

What test evaluates how well the heart functions during strenuous activity?

an exercise stress test

Which of the following body shapes is most at risk for heart disease?

apple shape

Coronary heart disease is sometimes called coronary ______ disease.

artery

The most common chronic lung condition is

asthma

The two most common chronic lung diseases are

asthma. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

What is the process by which arteries become hard and stiff as a result of too much pressure?

atherosclerosis

What is the process by which arteries become hard and thickened due to buildup of cholesterol and other substances on their walls?

atherosclerosis

Which of the following groups are prone to developing atherosclerosis at a younger age?

diabetics

When the heart relaxes between contractions, the ______ blood pressure is measured.

diastolic

What four behaviors have an important role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease?

eating a healthy diet avoiding tobacco maintaining a healthy BMI being physically active

What test records the electrical activity of the beating heart?

electrocardiogram

The two components of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are

emphysema. chronic bronchitis.

Foods rich in ______ are helpful in lowering cholesterol.

fiber

Which of the following categories of food are rich in fiber?

fruits and vegetables

All types of diabetes result in elevated levels of ______ in the blood.

glucose

People with diabetes have higher levels of ______ in their blood, which can damage artery walls.

glucose

Coronary artery disease is caused by atherosclerosis in the arteries that supply blood to the

heart.

Over the last few decades, asthma rates have been

increasing

Hypertension increases the risk of which of the following?

kidney disease stroke heart attack

Long-term effects of diabetes include damage to

kidneys. blood vessels. nerves. vision.

During congestive heart failure, blood backs up in the

lungs.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) develops

over time as people experience cumulative damage to their airways.

Patients are at high risk of developing diabetes if they have

prediabetes. metabolic syndrome.

Gestational diabetes only affects

pregnant women.

Which of the following can cause heart valve disorders?

rheumatic heart disease congenital abnormalities aging-related processes

Overweight and obesity can increase the

seriousness of cardiovascular disease. risk for cardiovascular disease.

Because it usually has no symptoms, hypertension is often called the

silent killer.

When the heart contracts, the ______ blood pressure is measured.

systolic

Congestive heart failure occurs when

the heart is not pumping as well as it should

The leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease is ______ use.

tobacco

High levels of ______ in the blood are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

triglycerides

Cigarette smokers' risk of heart disease is how much greater than that of nonsmokers?

two to four times

Which of the following are recommended for controlling hypertension?

weight reduction physical activity moderating alcohol intake

What is the recommended limit on sodium intake per day for people with hypertension?

1,500 mg

Overweight individuals can lessen their risk of cardiovascular disease by losing ______ of their total weight.

10% to 15%

Regular screening for hypertension (high-blood pressure) is recommended for individuals over what age?

15

Studies have shown which of the following relationships between alcoholic intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

A man who has more than two drinks a day increases his risk of CVD. A man who has a single drink a day may gain a protective effect against CVD. A woman who drinks but less than one full drink a day may gain a protective effect against CVD.

Healthy body composition is measured by

BMI

Signs of a heart attack may include discomfort in which of the following?

Chest & Jaw

What is the name of the diet plan that is intended to lower high blood pressure?

DASH

What lifestyle decisions will help a person avoid chronic disease?

Eat a heart-healthy diet. Be physically active. Avoid being overweight. Take care of mental health.

Which of the following statements concerning racial factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are true?

Factors other than genetics may play a role in the rates of CVD in different racial groups. The death rate from heart attack has declined less among minority groups and women. Mexican Americans have a higher risk of CVD than Whites.

True or false: Strokes are the leading cause of severe, long-term disability in the United States.

False

True or false: Whites have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than other groups.

False

Exercise increases the level of ______ (good cholesterol) in the body.

HDL

What is the cause of gestational diabetes?

Hormonal changes affect how the body responds to insulin.

Which of the following are ways that physical activity helps prevent cardiovascular disease?

It helps maintain a healthy weight. It reduces high blood pressure. It helps control diabetes.

Which of the following statements about Type-1 diabetes are true?

It is caused by the destruction of insulin-producing cells. It can occur at any age.

Soy products can help lower

LDL.

Which of the following statements regarding hypertension is true?

Nearly one in three adults in the United States has hypertension.

What three health factors should be maintained at healthy levels to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular disease?

blood pressure total cholesterol blood glucose

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for ______ in the United States.

both men and women

Which of the following are types of blood vessels?

capillaries veins arteries

The ______ system consists of the heart and blood vessels, which together move blood throughout the body.

cardiovascular

The collective term for various diseases of the heart and blood vessels is ______ disease.

cardiovascular

Blocked blood flow to the brain results in a stroke, or

cerebrovascular accident.

Classic heart attack symptoms are less likely to appear in

women.