Human Development- Prep U

Which symptom reported by an adolescent's parents suggests that the adolescent may be abusing amphetamines? Select all that apply. a) Excessive perspiration b) Restlessness c) Watery eyes d) Fatigue e) Excessive nasal drainage f) Talkativeness

A, B, F

Which information would the nurse include in the primiparous client's discharge teaching plan about measures to provide visual stimulation for the neonate? a) paint the baby's room in bright colors accented with teddy bears b) use brightly colored animals and cartoon figures on the wall c) maintain eye contact while talking to the baby d) move a brightly colored rattle in front of the baby's eyes

c) maintain eye contact while talking to the baby

The mother of a 7-month-old child born 6 weeks early asks the nurse what play activities and toys are appropriate for her child. What should the nurse suggest? a) colored blocks b) peek-a-boo c) picture books d) rattle

D) rattle

A primiparous client who gave vaginal birth 1 hour ago voices anxiety because she has a nephew with Down syndrome. After teaching the client about Down syndrome, which client statements indicate the need for additional teaching? a) "Down syndrome is an abnormality that can result from a missing chromosome." b) "Down syndrome usually results in some degree of intellectual disability." c) "Older mothers are more likely to have a baby with chromosomal abnormalities." d) "There are several methods available to determine whether my baby has Down syndrome."

a) "down syndrome is an abnormality that results from missing chromosome

The nurse notices that a 1-month-old infant has esotropia. What should the nurse advise the parents to do? a) Do nothing because this condition is normal for the infant's age. b) Call the baby's health care provider immediately. c) Call the clinic for a referral to an optometrist. d) Mention this finding at the baby's 6-month checkup.

a) do nothing because this condition is normal for the infant's age

A child who is of preschool age is diagnosed as having severe autism. The most effective therapy involves which intervention? a) antipsychotic medications b) 1:1 play therapy c) social skills group d) group psychotherapy

b) 1:1 therapy

When developing the plan of care for a child diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU), the nurse should establish which goal? a) maintaining serum phenylalanine level higher than 12 mg/100 mL (720 µmol/L) b) meeting the child's nutritional needs for optimal growth c) ensuring that the special diet is started at age 3 weeks d) maintaining serum phenylalanine level lower than 2 mg/100 mL (120 µmol/L)

b) meeting the child's nutritional needs for optimal growth

A 12-year-old has a fractured femur and is immobilized in traction. What should the nurse do? a) place a pillow under the fractured leg to provide support b) provide opportunities for age-appropriate activities c) only offer foods that are easy to eat d) add additional weight until the foot is only 2 inches (5cm) from the bed

b) provide opportunities for age-appropriate activities

A nurse is teaching self-esteem to a client. Which statements by the client would indicate understanding of the concept? Select all that apply. a) "Living in a critical environment is not good for me." b) "I do not like to make decisions." c) "I need to have consistent limits." d) "I need to have healthy boundaries." e) Physical discipline does not affect my self-esteem."

A, C, D

Which statement best identifies the rationale for why the nurse reinforces the need for continued prenatal care throughout the pregnancy with an adolescent primigravid client? a) Pregnant adolescents are at high risk for pregnancy-induced hypertension. b) The father of the baby is rarely involved in the pregnancy. c) Adolescents need additional instruction related to common discomforts. d) Gestational diabetes during pregnancy commonly develops in adolescents.

a) pregnant adolescents are at high risk for pregnancy-induced hypertension

Which infant most needs a developmental referral for a gross motor delay? a) the 4-month-old who does not sit without support b) the 2-month-old who does not roll over c) the 6-month-old who does not crawl d) the 9-month-old who does not stand holding on

d) the 9-month-old who des not stand holding on

When reviewing the history of a 3-year-old child with Down syndrome, which behavior should the nurse interpret as a delay in early development? Select all that apply a) feeding self with finger foods by 9 to 12 months b) poor response to verbal commands c) onset of walking at age 20 months d) sitting up at age 6 months e) lack of use of expressive language

B, C, E

Which characteristic should the nurse teach the mother about her neonate diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)? a) the mortality rate is 70% unless treated b) neonates are commonly listless and lethargic c) the IQ scores are usually average d) hyperactivity and speech disorders are common

d) hyperactivity and speech disorders are common

A preschooler with pneumococcal meningitis is receiving intravenous antibiotic therapy. When discontinuing the intravenous therapy, the nurse allows the child to apply a dressing to the area where the catheter is removed. The nurse's rationale for doing so is based on the interpretation that a child in this age group has a need to accomplish which goal? a) Find diversional activities. b) Relieve the anxiety of separation from home. c) Trust those caring for her. d) Protect the image of an intact body

d) protect the image of an intact body

The parent asks the nurse about the 9-year-old child's apparent need for between-meal snacks, especially after school. When developing a sound nutritional plan for the child with the parent, the nurse should advise the parent? a) the child will instinctively select nutritional snacks b) the child does not need to eat between-meal snacks c) the child should eat the snacks the mother thinks are appropriate d) the child should help with preparing the snacks

d) the child should help with preparing the snacks

A nurse is obtaining the history of a child, age 4. Which question best evaluates the child's developmental status? a) "can you ride a tricycle?" b) "DO you like your brother?" c) "can you draw your school?" d) "What is your mommy's first name?"

a) can you ride a tricycle

A new primiparous client asks the nurse, "Can my baby see?" Which statement about neonatal vision should the nurse include in the explanation? a) neonates primarily focus on moving objects b) they can see objects up to 12 inches (30.5cm) away c) usually they see clearly by about 2 days after birth d) neonates primarily distinguish light from dark

b) they can see objects up to 12 inches (30.5 cm) away

When talking with 10-year-old children about death, the nurse should incorporate which guidelines? Select all that apply. a) teaching about death and dying should not start before age 11 years b) the children will be curious about the physical aspects of death c) logical explanations are not appropriate d) telling children that death is the same as going to sleep as a way of reliving feat is appropriate e) the children will know that death is inevitable and irreversible f) attitudes of the adults in their lives will influence the children

B,E,F

Before the neonate's discharge, the mother tells the nurse that she is worried that her 5-year-old daughter will be jealous of the new baby when they get home. After explaining ways to deal with sibling rivalry, the nurse determines that the mother understands the instructions when she says she will do which action? a) let the 5-year-old feed the abby at least once every day b) divide her time equally between the baby and the daughter c) allow the 5-year-old undivided attention several times a day d) tell the daughter that the baby is just like on of her dolls

c) allow the 5-year-old undivided attention several times a day

When developing a series of parent classes on fetal development, the nurse should include which feature as being developed by the end of the third month (9 to 12 weeks)? a) air ducts and alveoli b) myelinization of nerves C) external genitalia d) brown fat stores

c) external genitalia

After surgery to correct a tetralogy of Fallot, the child's parents express concern to the nurse that their 4-year-old child wants to be held more frequently than usual. The nurse recommends: a) having the volunteer hold the child. b) play therapy. c) introducing a new skill. d) encouraging the behavior.

b) play therapy

Anticipating that a 3-year-old child in traction will have need for diversion, what should the nurse offer the child? a) a video game b) a remote controlled car c) hand puppets d) blocks

c) hand puppets

When teaching a primiparous client about neonatal reflexes the nurse determines that teaching about the rooting reflex has been effective when the mother identifies what as the age at which the rooting reflex disappears? a) 6 weeks to 2 months b) 5 to 6 months c) 2 weeks to 1 month d) 3 to 4 months

d) 3 to 4 months

The mother of an infant with flat feet asks the nurse what she can do about the problem. Which response from the nurse is the most appropriate? a) Nightly exercises will help make the arches supple." b) "Infants have a fat pad below the arch, making it look like flat feet." c) "Flat feet cause other orthopedic problems in infants." d) "Corrective shoes will strengthen the arches of the feet."

b) "infants have fat pad below the arch, making it look like flat feet."

A nurse is assessing the chest of a 4-month-old infant. The nurse identifies the ratio of the anteroposterior-to-lateral diameter as 1:2. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next? a) Auscultate for adventitious lung sounds b) Obtain an order for a chest X-ray c) Observe for substernal retractions d) Document the findings in the client's medical record

D) document the findings in the clients medical record

A mother asks the nurse how to handle her 4-year-old child, who recently started wetting the pants after being completely toilet-trained. The child just started attending nursery school 2 days per week. Which statement by the mother indicates understanding of the situation? a) "He must have inherited this from my husband. My husband did the same thing when he started nursery school." b) "My child is most likely regressing back to a behavior that increases his sense of security." c) "My child is punishing me for sending him away for a few hours." d) "My child hates school."

b) "My child is most likely regressing back to a behavior that increases his sense of security."

A mother brings her 18-month-old child to the clinic because the child eats ashes, crayons, and paper. Which information would be most important to obtain about this toddler? a) whether the toddler is experiencing a growth spurt b) whether the toddler is experiencing changes in the home environment c) whether the toddler is eating a soft, low-roughage diet d) whether the toddler is currently cutting large teeth

b) whether the toddler is experiencing changes in the home environment

A 3-year-old is recovering from a concussion. The persistence of which finding would the nurse consider as being a normal finding for a 3-year old? a) change in eating habits b) increased temper tantrums c) inability to hop d) lack of interest in favorite toys

c) inability to hop

For almost an hour after birth, a neonate was awake, alert, and startled and cried easily. Respirations rose to 70 breaths/minute, and heart rate on two occasions was 160 beats/minute. After sleeping quietly for about 2 hours, the neonate then awoke with a start, cried, extended and flexed all four extremities, and then choked, gagged, and regurgitated some thick mucus. What should the nurse do next? a) Wrap the neonate in a blanket and offer sips of glucose water. b) Call the primary care provider because the neonate appears to be choking. c) Place the neonate under a radiant warmer because these signs suggest chilling. d) Change the neonate's position and aspirate mucus as necessary.

d) change the neonate's position and aspirate mucus as necessary

When teaching a group of parents of school-age children about growth and development, which characteristic about children of this age should the nurse include? a) feeling that others are focused on them b) ability to consider hypothetical risks and benefits c) ability to imagine possibilities d) desire to carry a task to completion

d) desire to carry a task to completion

The nurse is discussing kangaroo care with the parents of a premature neonate. The nurse should tell the parents that the advantages of kangaroo care include which benefits? Select all that apply. a) enhanced bonding b) improved breastfeeding c) improved physiologic stability d) decreased length of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit e) increased IQ

A, B, C, D

A nurse at the family clinic receives a call from the mother of a 5-week-old infant. The mother states that her child was diagnosed with colic at the last checkup. Unfortunately, the symptoms have remained the same. Which teaching instructions are appropriate? Select all that apply. a) provide small but frequent feedings to the infant b) soothe the child by humming and rocking c) burp the infant to adequately after feedings d) immediately bring the infant to the ER e) position the infant on the back after feedings f) offer a pacifier if it is not time for the infant to eat

A, B, C, F

After having a blood sample drawn, a 5-year-old child insists that the site be covered with a bandage. When the parent tries to remove the bandage before leaving the office, the child screams that all the blood will come out. The nurse encourages the parent to leave the bandage in place and tells the parent that the child: a) is expressing pain b) fears another procedure c) does not understand boy integrity d) is attempting to regain control

C) Does not understand body integrity

A mother is playing with her infant, who's sitting securely alone on the floor of the clinic. The mother hides a toy behind her back and the infant looks for it. What age should the nurse estimate the infant to be? a) 10 months b) 8 months c) 6 months d) 2 months

a) 10 months

A mother tells the nurse that her 4-year-old child is a very poor eater. What is the nurse's best recommendation for helping the mother increase her child's nutritional intake? a) allow the child to feed herself b) only serve the child's favorite foods c) uses children designed plates d) allow the child to eat at a small table and chair by herself

a) allow the child to feed herself

A school-age child presents to the office for a routine examination. Given the child's developmental level, a nurse should give highest priority to: a) allowing the child to change into a gown while she isn't in the room. b) encouraging the child to hold a stuffed animal during the examination. c) asking the parents to leave the room during the child's examination. d) allowing the child to play with medical equipment before the examination begins.

a) allowing the child to change into a gown while she isn't in the room

A primiparous client with a neonate who is 36 hours old asks the nurse, "Why does my baby spit up a small amount of formula after feeding?" The nurse explains that the regurgitation is thought to result from which factor? a) an immature cardiac sphincter b) a defect in the gastrointestinal system c) burping the infant too frequently d) moving the infant during the feeding

a) immature cardiac sphincter

A 10-month-old infant is brought to the well-baby clinic for a follow-up visit. The mother tells the nurse that she has been having trouble feeding her infant any solid foods. The infant only prefers breastfeeding and pushes food out of his/her mouth. To help correct this problem, the nurse should: a) instruct the mother to place the food further back and to the side of the infant's mouth b) instruct the mother that tongue thrusting is the infants way of rejecting food c) instruct the mother to eat small, bite-size food d) instruct the mother to limit the infant's breast mild

a) instruct the mother to place the food further back and to the side of the infant's mouth

A 17-year-old adolescent with acute lymphocytic leukemia is discharged with written information about chemotherapy administration and his outpatient appointment schedule. He now is in the maintenance phase of chemotherapy but has missed clinic appointments for blood work and admits to omitting some chemotherapy doses. To improve his compliance, the nurse should include which intervention in the care plan? a) letting the adolescent participate in his planning and scheduling of treatments b) threatening to discontinue care is he doesn't comply c) emphasizing the long-term consequences of noncompliance d) reprimanding the adolescent for failing to comply with his treatment

a) letting the adolescent participate in his planning and scheduling of treatments

Which assessment finding in a 4-month-old infant is a concern? a) the respiratory is between 30 and 35 breaths/minute b) the abdominal wall is rising with inspiration c) the spaces between the ribs are delineated during inspiration d) the infants skin is mottled during examination

c) the spaces between the ribs are delineated during inspiration

Which of the following is a normal response from an adolescent who has just returned to her room after an open appendectomy? a) "I will need plastic surgery for this scar." b) "I do not want to have any pain." c) "I am worried about the size of my scar." d) "What will my boyfriend say about the scar?"

d) "I am worried about the size of my scar"

A client tells the nurse, "I think my baby likes to hear me talk to him." When discussing neonates and stimulation with sound, what would the nurse include as a means to elicit the best response? a) low pitched speech with a sameness of tone b) cooing sounds rather than words c) repeated stimulation with loud sounds d) high pitched speech with tonal variations

D) high pitched speech with tonal variations

When teaching a primipara who gave birth to a term male neonate 1 hour ago about the characteristics of her neonate, what characteristic should the nurse include? a) kidneys typically non palpable b) testes probably undescended c) oozing at the cord insertion site d) obligatory nose breather

D) obligatory nose breather

The nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about proper nutrition. The nurse should explain that during this phase of development, it is necessary to increase intake of which nutrients? Select all that apply. a) Vitamin D b) Grain c) Protein d) Calcium e) Iron

A, C, D, E

The nurse has completed breastfeeding discharge instructions and determines the mother understands when she makes which statements? Select all that apply. a) "My calorie intake will need to increase by 1,000 calories per day." b) "I have the phone number for the lactation consultant if I have questions." c) "Babies should be content 5 to 6 hours after daytime feedings." d) "Babies should have six to eight wet diapers a day after the first 3 days of life." e) "Any drugs I take may pass through to my baby through my breast milk."

B, D, E

The nurse is counseling the parents of an 18-month-old toddler who are concerned that their child may have a developmental delay. Which of the following questions would be most appropriate for the nurse to ask the parents regarding the developmental milestones of their child? Select all that apply. a) Has your child tried to scribble? b) Is your child toilet trained? c) Does your child point to show things to others? d) Can your child drink from a cup and use a spoon? e) Can your child do a puzzle with 3 or 4 pieces?

A, C, D

During a developmental screening, the nurse finds that a 3-year-old child with cerebral palsy has arrested social and language development. The nurse tells the family: a) "this is a sign the cerebral palsy is progressing." b) "We need to modify your therapy plan." c) "I need to refer you for more developmental testing." d) "Your child has reached his max language abilities."

c) " i need to refer you for more developmental testing."

A nurse is assigned to an adolescent. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate for a hospitalized adolescent? a) anxiety related to separation from parents b) fear related to the unknown c) ineffective coping related to activity restrictions d) fear related to altered body image

b) fear related to altered body image

Compared to the food requirements of preschoolers and adolescents, the food requirements of school-age children are not as great because these children have a lower: a) hormonal secretion rate b) growth rate c) level of activity d) metabolic rate

b) growth rate

While caring for a pregnant adolescent, a nurse should develop a care plan that incorporates the adolescent's: a) age of menarche b) level of emotional maturity c) family and home life d) health eating habits

b) level of emotional maturity

Which child most needs a developmental referral for a language delay? a) the one year old who does not have three words b) the 4 year old who is difficult to understand c) the 2 year old who only combines two words d) the 18 month old who only points to one body part

b) the 4 year old who is difficult to understand

A nurse is working with an adolescent who has reported low self-esteem. When developing a plan of care, the nurse considers the adolescent's psychosocial needs. Which of the following questions will best assist the nurse in assessing the adolescent's psychosocial development? a) "What is your religion?" b) "DO you know your ethnic background and customs?" c) "How did you come to understand your feelings about yourself?" d) "What makes you think the things you do?"

c) "how did you come to understand your feelings about yourself?"

After giving birth to an 8-lb (3.6-kg) girl, a client asks the nurse what her daughter should receive for the first feeding. For a bottle-fed neonate, the first feeding usually consists of: a) glucose water b) sterile water c) iron-fortified infant formula d) standard infant formula

c) iron-fortified infant formula

The nurse is developing long-term goals with a family that has a toddler with a developmental delay. Which of the following is a priority concern for the nurse to address with the family regarding the care of the child within the next several years? a) planning for ongoing diagnostic evaluations b) how to handle the strain of caregiving c) preparing for school and learning difficulties d) adjusting to the childs physical limitations

c) preparing for school and learning difficulties

A 9-month-old infant with eczema has lesions that are secondarily infected. Which recommendation is the most appropriate to help the parents best meet the needs of the child? a) Prevent siblings from being in close contact. b) Play video games for several hours each evening. c) Send the child to day care as usual. d) Play with the child every day.

d) play with the child every day

The mother of a 12-month-old child expresses concern about the effects of her child's frequent thumb-sucking. After the nurse provides instruction on this topic, which response by the mother indicates that teaching has been effective? a) "I'll give my baby a pacifier instead." b) "I'll wrap the baby's thumb in a bandage." c) "Thumb-sucking should be discouraged at age 12 months." d) "Sucking is important to the baby."

d) "Sucking is important to the baby."

The nurse providing health promotion education to the parents of a 6-year-old child should include which of the following statements about 6-year-old children in the education? a) "They love to tattle on other children." b) "They rebel against schedules and routines." c) "They are completely dependent on parents." d) "They are very sensitive to criticism."

d) "They are very sensitive to criticism."